Modul 7. Review for UTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Your Background/Biography
Personal Experience
International Company
Writing CVs
Company History
Current Project
1. Biography
Characteristics of a Biography #1

A story about a real person
Characteristics of a Biography # 2


Shows that the author knows a lot
about the person
The author must do extensive
research on the subject by
conducting interviews, reading
books, scripts, etc.
Characteristics of a Biography # 3


Describes the person’s environment
Such as, where, when and how they
lived
Characteristics of a Biography# 4


Provides details that show the person
in action
Such as, their accomplishments,
goals, behavior, etc.
Characteristics of a Biography # 5


Shows how the person affects other
people
Such as, changes that they made in
a person’s life which could include
new discoveries in science and
medicine or changes in laws; helping
people, and includes the artists
Characteristics of a Biography #6



States or implies how the writer feels
about the person
Different authors will or may have a
different view point of the person
The author’s point of view could be
positive or negative
Different types of Biographies




First-hand biography
Autobiography
Collective Biography
Unauthorized Biography
First Hand Biography

Reveals another person though the
eyes of a writer who has had an
ongoing, face-to-face, personal
relationship with the person
Autobiography


The main character is the author
For example, if you were to write a
biography about yourself, then that
would be an autobiography
Autobiography

Recounts key incidents/events in the
author’s life
Autobiography

Describes major influences (people,
events, places) on the writer
A home
teacher
A teacher
Home
A Speech
Autobiography

Describes interactions between the
writer and significant people in his or
her life
A teacher
A pastor
A father
A mother
Visual and Oral Forms
Autobiography



Pictures and paintings that depict
events or people they are familiar
with
Photo albums or video tapes that
record important moments in their
lives
Skits and plays based on their life
stories
More Visual and Oral Forms
Autobiography


Informal anecdotes about their lives,
shared in conversations with friends
and family
Tangible mementos and souvenirs,
such as awards, seashells, or favorite
childhood toys
Collective Biography




Has many different biographies that
are all contained in one book
An example, Meet the Presidents by
Cindy Bardon
This book would be found in 920 BAR
This book is about many different
United States Presidents
Unauthorized Biography




Biography about a person that was
not approved by the subject that
the book is about
These are usually about celebrities.
Risk of suit is great
Purpose is the entertain
Personal
Narrative
Telling a story . . .
From Reading to Writing In
“Marigolds,” the narrator remembers an
adolescent act that led to disaster and to
the beginning of compassion. In “Two
Kinds,” the writer remembers incidents
involving a mother and daughter.
Personal
Narrative
Telling a story . . .
These narratives involve events that left a
lasting impact on the characters. Writing a
personal narrative is one way you can
explore discoveries and experiences that
happened to you or to someone you
know.
Basics
Personal
Narrative at a
Glance
Beginning
Introduces the
incident including
the people and
place involved
in
a
Box
Middle
• Describes the event
using descriptive
details and possibly
dialogue
• Makes the
significance clear
End
• Tells the outcome or
result of the event
• Presents the
writer’s feelings
about the
experience
RUBRIC Standards for Writing
A successful narrative should
• focus on a clear, well-defined
incident
• make the importance or
significance of the event clear
• show clearly the order in
which events occurred
• use descriptive details that
appeal to the senses to describe
characters and setting
• use dialogue to develop
characters
• maintain a consistent tone
Writing Your Personal Narrative
1
Prewriting
Your life, though it may seem
average to you, is a new and exotic
world to other people. Don’t be
afraid to write about your personal
experiences .
Joe Hasley, student
writer
Writing Your Personal Narrative
1
Prewriting
How can you find ideas?
 Think about interesting or unusual
events that really happened.
 Recall personal experiences that
have been funny, sad, frightening,
or unforgettable.
 Brainstorm similar incidents you
have heard about from others.
Planning Your Personal Narrative
1. Analyze the nature of the incident.
What was its significance? Why does it
stand out in your mind?
2. Decide on the tone you want to
create. How did the incident make you
feel when you experienced, saw, or
heard about it? What is the main
feeling you want to create in your
audience?
Planning Your Personal Narrative
3. Make a time line. List all the parts of
the event in time order. For each part,
stop and list who was involved, where it
happened, and some of the significant
details. When the list is finished, decide
which parts to include in your narrative
and which parts you can condense or
skip in order to keep the narrative
focused and lively.
Planning Your Personal Narrative
4. Decide which parts of the narrative
to enliven with dialogue or with
details that appeal to the senses.
What details could help you show what
happened rather than simply telling
about it? What dialogue would move
your narrative along and make it more
realistic?
Writing Your Personal Narrative
2 Drafting

Begin by describing the setting or an
important character.

Give background information or flash
forward to an event further along in
the narrative.

Use your time line to help you
remember the order of events.
Writing Your Personal Narrative
2 Drafting

Keep in mind what tone you want to
create.

Use dialogue and plenty of
descriptive details to help move the
narrative along.

End by telling the outcome.
3. International
Company
International Business
Questions





How will an idea, good, or
service fit into the international
market?
Should trade or investment be
used to enter a foreign market?
Should supplies be obtained
domestically or abroad?
What product adjustments are
necessary to be responsive to
local conditions?
What are the threats from global
competitors, and how can these
threats be counteracted?
32
4. Writing
CVs
Effective CVs
What is a CV?
What is the purpose of a
CV?
• To inform the employer
about your education, work
experience, skills and
interests
• To ‘sell’ these qualities and
to persuade the employer to
invite you to interview
When should a CV be used?



When an employer asks for an
application in that format
When an employer states ‘apply to…’
without specifying the format
When making speculative applications
Matching up your CV with the position/company
• It is not ‘one size fits all’,
you need to tailor your CV
to each position you apply
for.
• Research the company.
Do they have a
mission statement or core values? What will
they be looking for in you? Who works there
at the moment? What are they passionate
about?
Proving your ability
There are four main things employers will look at in
CVs:




Education - ability to think clearly, analyse and assess
information, draw conclusions, work independently,
research
Work experience - ability to get on with people, work
under pressure, meet deadlines
Leisure interests - ability to plan and organise, cooperate with others, compete, lead, work hard to achieve
results
Specific skills – e.g. driving licence, computer skills,
foreign languages, artistic skills
CVs types
Chronological
In date order (starting with the most recent first)
e.g.
EMPLOYMENT
April – December 2011: Venture – Editing Assistant
Working with Photoshop, I have learnt various editing
styles. I have gained customer service experience and
understand the importance of listening to what
customers want in order to achieve high sales.
February 2009 – March 2010: Topshop – Retail
Assistant
My interest in fashion enabled me to help customers and
to suggest styles that might suit them. I helped to
design the layout of the stock in the store, with an aim to
increase our revenue by positioning various items in ‘eyecatching’ places.
CVs types
Skills based
Focusing on skills e.g.
SKILLS
• Attention to detail – as an Editing Assistant at Venture, I needed to
prove that I could spot any mistakes or flaws in the photographs, as well
as being attentive to the requests of the customers
• Computer skills – I regularly used Photoshop during my time at
Venture. I am also a competent user of Microsoft Office, which I proved
throughout my time as a Retail Assistant at Topshop, where I was often
required to produce reports on our sales
• Customer service – in all of my roles, customer service has been of
key importance. I have experience of dealing with difficult customers,
and try to ensure that every customer is satisfied with the service they
have received.
Personal Details

Name (as a heading rather than ‘CV’)

Website/online portfolio/CV

Address (term-time and home)

Telephone number

Email address
• Make sure this is a professional email address

The following are not requirements, but if you wish, you can
include:
• Nationality
• Sex
• Date of birth
Education and Qualifications

Start with the most recent

Don’t forget your current study
• Mention relevant modules
• You might like to mention top marks

You don’t have to put your grades on if
you weren’t happy with them

Include the years of study

Primary school not needed
Education and Qualifications
2011 – Present
University of Kent
BA (Hons) Fine Art
Modules include: Contextual Studies, Creative
Investigations
Project: Communication and Critique
2009 – 2011
Maidstone Grammar School
A-levels: Media Studies (A), Art (B),
Information Technology (C)
2005 – 2009
Wrotham School
GCSEs: 8 GCSEs including English and Maths
Work Experience



There is no need to list every job you’ve ever had
– detail the most relevant
Don’t just list your duties – sell your skills. Which
skills are relevant to the position/company you are
applying to?
Dates, name of company, position and skills:
April 2010 – Present
Museum of Kent Life
As a shop assistant, I have learnt the importance of providing great customer service to
gain maximum sales. I am responsible for organising stock and ensuring that costs are
controlled. Carrying out weekly risk assessments has increased my awareness of health
and safety issues.
5. Company History
SONY
CORPOR ATIO N
Berrak Dogruer
Ward
Mazen Ferzly
Hiep Nguyen
Douglas Roach
Rafik
Company History
•
•
•
•
•
1946
1950
1955
1957
1958
-
Tokyo Telecom Engineering
First Japanese tape recorder
First transistor radios
First pocket-sized radio
Name change to Sony
(from "sonus," Latin for "sound," and "sonny,"
meaning “little man”)
• 1968
- Intro of Trinitron color TV –
explosive growth
• 1979
- Walkman personal stereo
Company History
• 1980’s - Major Producer of computer disks/
floppies
• 1988
- Bought CBS Records for $2
billion.
• 1989
- Bought Columbia Pictures for
$4.5 billion.
• 1994
- Sony Playstation released to
great success.
• 1997
- JV with Philips (inventors of the
CD) to make
Super Audio CD
• 1998
- Launched Wega flat-screen TV
• 1999
- JV with Philips, Sun
Microsystems to develop
networked
entertainment products
Company History
• 2000
- Formed PlayStation.com –
games/software online
• 2000
- Restructured all entertainment
units under Sony
Broadband
Entertainment
• 2001
- JV Sakura Bank and JP Morgan
Chase for online
bank.
Founder: Akio Morita
• Groomed to take over 14-generation family Sake
business
• Strong entrepreneurial spirit: Tokyo Telecom
Engineering
• Revolutionary thinking: Brand is lifeblood of
company success
• Listed Sony on NYSE in 1970.
• 1966 “Never Mind School” emphasize the
capabilities of
individuals, rather than their prior
academic background and history – a revolutionary
concept for Japan.
• Strong belief R&D leads to new ways to meet
customer needs.
• Co-chair of various conferences, including the
Founder: Akio Morita
• Instrumental in easing trade friction with the U.S
by playing leading roles in the Keidanren (Japan
Federation of Economic Organizations), the JapanU.S. Economic Relations Group.
• 1998 - Morita chosen as one of Time magazine’s 20
most influential business people of the 20th century
- the only Asian member on its list.
corporate
1999.
Akio Morita: The Sony man
who put Japan on the
map passed away in October
Strategy and Organization
• Continue to focus on communications and
home electric
appliances, but also content
and services
• Vertically integrated business
• Vision is to become a broadband
entertainment company
• CEO Idei Nobuyuki wants Sony to be
wherever people gather (Internet)
• Product-Market Strategy: Apply IT to product
design, production, distribution, and sales
Sony Business Units
• Electronics:
•Audio,Video, Televisions Information and
Communications.
• Sony Computer Entertainment:
•Hardware and related software
• Sony Music Entertainment:
•Sony Music Entertainment Inc.: Columbia Records, Sony
Classical, Sony Discos,Sony Disc Manufacturing, and
Sony Music Nashville
•Sony Music Entertainment Japan: Sony Records and Epic
Records
Sony Business Units
• Sony Pictures Entertainment –
•
•
•
•
•
motion picture - production, acquisition and distribution
television – programming, production, acquisition and
distribution
home video - acquisition and distribution
television broadcasting
operation of studio facilities
• Sony Life Insurance
• Other:
•
•
•
•
Blue Streak
Wheel of Fortune
Sony Finance International, Inc.
Big Daddy
Sony Trading International Corporation
Sony Broadcast Media Co. Ltd.
Other local entertainment businesses in Japan, U.S., and
Germany.
Sony Business Units
Region
$ (Millions)
% of Total
Japan
20,012
32
US
19,124
30
Europe
13.872
22
Other Regions
10,074
16
Total
63,082
100
Interesting Current Initiatives
• E-Commerce
•
•
SonyStyle.com in Feb 2000
Strategy reflects its desire to reduce the role of the big
discounters as middlemen and gain greater control over
prices
• Car Navigation Systems
•
•
7% of worldwide market
These systems incorporate sophisticated technology,
including web-access and advanced voice recognition.
• Video-Game Machines and Console Software
•
•
Sony’s Playstation 2 (PS2) is claimed to be the first nextgeneration game console. This system can play DVDs,
CVDs, and CD-Roms.
In February, Sony Corp. unveiled an alliance with game
software makers Sega Corp. and Namco Ltd. in online
game distribution.
Interesting Current Initiatives
• AIBO- Artificial Intelligence ROBOT
•
As close to human as possible – has emotions and
instincts
Questions to Ask
• PlayStation2 was an instant success with demand
clearly surpassing supply. Some say it is because of
inaccurate demand forecasts while others suggest
that it was an intentional strategy. What is you take
on this?
• How is your electronic division and music division
responding to concerns over MP3 format piracy
issues and your secure yet not very popular format?
• How has the vision of your founder, who recently
passed away, been passed on to the new
management team at Sony?
• How has the dissatisfaction of some CD retailers
over your strategy to sell directly to consumer
affected your distribution strategy via
Learning Objectives





Describe project management
objectives
Describe the project life cycle
Diagram networks of project
activities
Estimate the completion time of a
project
Compute the probability of
completing a project by a specific
time
© Wiley 2007
Learning Objectives - continued


Determine how to reduce the length
of a project effectively
Describe the critical chain approach
to project management
© Wiley 2013