The Big Question:
“How does fresh water cycle on Earth?”
http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/watercycle/
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Why is water important?
Where is water found?
What is the water cycle?
Complete Figure 3 on page 8
throughout the PowerPoint
◦ Allows organisms to:
 Break down food
 Grow
 Reproduce
 Get and use materials they
need from their
environments
◦ Provides habitats (place
where organism lives):
 Water-dwelling organisms
(i.e. sharks)
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Salt water (97%)
Fresh water (3%)
◦ 2/3 frozen in huge
masses of ice (Poles)
◦ 1/3 underground
◦ Tiny amount in lakes
and rivers
◦ Tiny amount in the
atmosphere (water
vapor)
Pop Quiz:
Do water or
land habitats
contain more
types of
organisms?
Water Habitats!
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Water Cycle: A continuous process by which
water moves from Earth’s surface to the
atmosphere and back, driven by energy from
the sun and gravity.
◦ Water moves between land, living things, bodies of
water on Earth’s surface, and the atmosphere.
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Evaporation: Process by which molecules at
the surface of a liquid absorb enough energy
to change to a gaseous state.
Transpiration: Water is given off through the
leaves as water vapor.
Condensation: Water vapor cools and
condenses into a liquid (Droplets of liquid
water clump around solid particles in the air
forming clouds)
Precipitation: Water droplets large enough to
fall back to Earth (as rain, snow, sleet, or hail)
Runoff: Small amount of remaining
precipitation that runs off the surface into
streams and lakes
Condensation
Transpiration
Evaporation
Runoff
Precipitation
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Take out the sheet you picked up when you
came in and prepare to get wet! 
http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/watercycle/
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How does water move underground?
How do people use groundwater?
http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/groundwater/
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Water underground trickles down between
particles of soil and through cracks and spaces
in layers of rock.
◦ Pore: spaces between particles
◦ Permeable: Materials (sand and gravel) that have large
connected pores (water can pass through easily)
◦ Impermeable: Materials (clay and granite) that have
very small pores (water can’t pass through easily)
PERMEABLE!
IMPERMEABLE!
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Layer of air and some water (not
completely filled with water)
Layer where pores are filled with water
Top of the saturated zone
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Spring: Where
groundwater meets the
Earth’s surface.
Aquifers: Any
underground layer of
permeable rock or
sediment that holds water
and allows it to flow
(aquifer sizes vary)
◦ Not an unlimited source of
water…drops if more water
is used than replenished
Ogallala
Aquifer
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Rate depends on:
◦ Slope of water table
◦ Permeability of the
rocks
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Some move a few
centimeters per
day
Groundwater may
travel hundreds of
kilometers and stay
in an aquifer for
thousands of years
before coming to
the surface again
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Used to obtain groundwater from an aquifer
(drilled to an area below the water table)
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Mechanical pumps bring the water up the
well.
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Use too much water = well dry up
◦ Need to wait for rainfall to refill the aquifer
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Artesian well: Water rises on its own due to
pressure in the aquifer
Groundwater trapped
between two layers
of impermeable rock.
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Aquifer Diagram
◦ Fill in as many of the questions as you can without
using your book or notes.