Welcome to BIOL 252
Anatomy and Physiology
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZRoSy1Hwouo
Welcome to BIOL 252
Anatomy and Physiology
Dr. Gidi Shemer
bishemer@email.unc.edu
http://www.bio.unc.edu/courses/2009Fall/Biol252Sections456/
Office: Wilson G41
Office hours: Tue and Thur 02:00-04:00
Labs
Wilson 111, 212
My office
Wilson G41
Departmental Advising
http://www.bio.unc.edu/Faculty/Shemer/
Available courses
Choosing the right course
Career decisions
Research opportunities
Graduate school in Biology
Resources at UNC
http://learningcenter.unc.edu//
For example: tutoring (every TW 6-9, or by appointment) including
BIOL252
Departmental Advising
“Smart students take advantage of resources.
Successful students seek help”
Anatomy : the study of structure
Physiology : the study of function
The lab will mainly deal with Anatomy
Coordinated by Dr. Corey Johnson
Self-work with 3D models
Quizzes on blackboard BEFORE the lab
Marieb and Hoehn, third edition
Grading
25% x 3 exams = 75%
lab exercises = 25%
Lectures are important (respect your peers)
No notes provided
Use the ppt handouts
Answer open questions
THINK!!!
Spoonfeeding- not on my watch
Blackboard
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Announcements
Syllabus, schedule
Powerpoints
Assigned readings
Links
Grades
Optional Lab Manual:
Recommended for those who know
themselves to be kinesthetic
learners. If coloring between the
lines is useful to you and helps you
remember lots of information, this
manual is recommended. The author
feels the manual is overpriced, so you
will be able to “get by” without it. A
more bare-bones version will be
made available through blackboard at
no cost.
Bookstore only
Bookstore only (arriving Friday)
Lab Info:
• Lab is a co-requisite. Students not enrolled
for a lab will be dropped from lecture
enrollment.
• Labs begin Monday, August 31
• A syllabus will appear on your lab blackboard
site in the next week
• You will likely have an assignment due on your
first day of lab. Pay attention to the
“announcements” section of you lab
blackboard site.
Registration
Sign-up sheet available up front
Those with relevant needs have priority
major requirement – nursing, pharmacy, etc.
Otherwise: Seniors > Juniors > Sophomores
Being pre- (med, dental, vet, ophthalmology, etc.)
does not constitute a priority
Physiology
Homeostasis
Homeostasis
WB Cannon
how the varied components of living
things adjust to maintain a constant
internal environment that makes
possible optimal functioning
So we have a balanced state, but it is
NOT static!!
Homeostatic Imbalance = Diseases (e.g. diabetes)
Anatomy
Gross Anatomy- study of structures visible to the
naked eye
Microscopic Anatomy- study of structures visible
ONLY with a microscope
Levels of organization
Cellular
Chemical
Tissue
Organismal
Organ
Organ
system
Planes of the Body
Frontal plane
Sagittal plane
mid/ para
Transverse plane
Body Cavities
Covering and Lining Membranes
Cutaneous Membrane
(covering the surface)
Mucous Membranes
(open to the exterior)
Covering and Lining Membranes of the
Ventral Body Cavity
Serous Membranes
(moist)
Covering and Lining Membranes of the
Ventral Body Cavity
Levels of organization
Cellular
Chemical
Tissue
Organismal
Organ
Organ
system
Support
Protect
Movement
Control
Different Tissues can be Found in One Organ
Epithelial Tissue
1) Covering and lining epithelium
2) Glandular epithelium
Functions
1) Protection (e.g. skin)
2) Sensory Reception (e.g. skin)
3) Absorption (e.g. intestine)
4) Secretion and Filtration (e.g. kidney)
e.g. = exempli gratia, "for the sake of an example"
Epithelial Cells are Closely Bound Together
Epithelial Cells are Closely Bound Together
Epithelial Cells are Polarized
Apical
Basal
Apical- towards the lumen/surface
Basal- towards underlying cells
Lateral- contacting other epithelial cells
Characteristics of Epithelial Cells
Polarized
Closely Bound Together
Avascular but Innervated
High Regenerative Capacity
Classification of Epithelia
squamous
simple
stratified
cuboidal
columnar
Epithelial Tissue
1) Covering and lining epithelium
2) Glandular epithelium
Glandular Epithelia
A Gland: cell/s that make and secrete products.
Endocrine Glands: secreting internally, to the
extracellular space
Exocrine Glands: secreting externally, to the
body surface or body cavities
Endocrine Glands: secreting internally, to the
extracellular space (hormones)
Exocrine Glands: secreting externally, to
the body surface or body cavities
A goblet cell, secreting
mucin
Modes of Secretion
Merocrine
Holocrine
The connective Tissue
Connective Tissue
Functions
Support
Protection
Insulation
Transport
Connective Tissue
Cells
+
Extracellular Matrix (ECM)
http://fulton.edzone.net/
Extracellular Matrix (ECM)
Ground Substance
+
Fibers
Ground Substance
Tissue fluid
Adhesion proteins
Proteoglycans (GAGs + a core proteins)
Extracellular Matrix (ECM)
Ground Substance
+
Fibers
Tendon
Bone
Fibers of connective tissues
Collagen fibers
Reticular fibers
Elastic fibers
Defect in collagen assembly
Connective Tissue
Cells
+
ECM = ground substance+ fibers
http://fulton.edzone.net/
Connective Tissues
Connective
Bone
Cartilage
Blood
tissue proper
Fibroblasts Osteoblasts Chondroblasts Blood cells
Connective tissue proper
Loose Areolar
Adipose
Dense regular
Dense irregular
Loose Connective Tissue
Dense Connective Tissue
Connective tissue proper
Loose connective tissue: Areolar
supports and binds tissues
a reservoir of water and nutrients
defense (macrophages)
Homeostatic Imbalance
Edema
Connective tissue proper
Loose Areolar
Adipose
Please read and
understand Fig. 4.9 (a-e)
in your textbook
Dense regular Dense irregular
Connective tissue proper
Loose Areolar
Adipose
Dense regular
Dense irregular
Loose Connective Tissue
Dense Connective Tissue
Connective Tissues
Connective
Bone
Cartilage
Blood
tissue proper
Fibroblasts Osteoblasts Chondroblasts Blood cells
Next: the body’s organ systems
The Integumentary System
http://www.mvla.net/