 Movies
 Indian Movies, english movies, Chineese movies
 Pakistani movies 
 English Movies… sad movies, romantic movies, scary
movies, funny movies
 Funny movies… animated, non animated
 Animated…. With subtitles, without subtitiles
 A WBS is a logical, hierarchical tree of all the tasks
needed to complete a project.
 Three layers
 Managing folders in computer
WBS for an A/C Project
Importance of WBS
If I could wish but one thing for every project, it would
be a comprehensive and detailed WBS. The lack of a
good WBS probably results in more inefficiency,
schedule slippage and cost overruns on projects than any
other single cause. When a consultant is brought in to
perform the role of “project doctor”, invariably there has
been no WBS developed. No one knows what work has
been done, nor what work remains to be done. The first
thing to do is assemble the planning team and teach
them how to create a WBS.
(Devaux, 1999)
Logical Interfacing
 Every piece put in its right place and with no piece
missing.
 For right place…….. Identification numbers, codes, or
addresses
 For minimizing risk of omission….. checklists
Example
 Childaire (fictitious) children charity NGO
 Essential air travel for children
 $2 million
 Appoint PM
 Design WBS
 Four different senior managers
Childaire
Airport Development Project
A Large Public Event Project:
Inaugural Celebration Ceremony
for An International Airport
Coding System
 Every project task is given a name or descriptive title
which must be augmented by a specific code
 A code may be a sequence of alphabetic characters, a
set of numerical digits or some of these two (Alphanumeric code)
Examples
 BMW 3 series vs BMS 5 series
 Airbus…. A3nn
 Boeing…. 7n7-xxx
 Two 7s mean???
 N mean???
 767-300 is a particular variant of the Boeing 767
 Last two zeros may be replaced with the digits to
identify a particular customer
Compatibility of Codes with other
Systems
 A code is a short and precise method of conveying
essential data about an item.
 An item might be anything from the whole project to
the smallest part of it, physical or abstract.
 Each item has costs that must be estimated, budgeted,
spent, measured, reported, assessed and recovered.
Coded WBS for an Avionics Project
 Project identifier 110-0000
 Item identifier
transformer 110-2210
 Relationship within the project (110 for project 221
transformer)
 Operation identifier (110-2210C coil winding)
 Identifiers for department, discipline or trade and
labor grade (110-2210-153)
WBS and Coding
Project Organization
Project Organization
 To achieve best results
 Complex task require more cooperation
 Implementation of project teams within organizations
are generally challenging as well as dangerous
 Maximum degree of freedom
 Avoid havoc
Project organization and
Responsibilities
 1) defining how a project organization is embedded
within the parent organization
 2) defining how the organization is structured
internally within the project team
Project Sponsor
 Manager or executive
 Not directly involved
 Delegate authority to PM but can over see
 Frequent contact with PM
 Can also chair steering committee, approve final
deliverables and communicate with external stake
holders
Steering Committee
 Group of senior members
 Budget approval authority
 Highest authority to resolve issues or disputes
 Can approve or reject changes
 Has to assess project progress and report to senior
management
 Regular reviews of plans and status reports
Advisory Committee
 Key project stake holders
 Generally senior managers
 Cannot make decisions regarding a project
Project Manager
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Naturally the key person
Responsible for project requirements
Report to steering committee
Supervision and guidance
Regular project status reports to steering committee
Chair risk
Attend steering committee meetings
Execute project management process
Ensure project plan, schedule and budget are up-todate
Team Leader
 Responsible for managing one part of project
 Ideally has project management skills as well as HRM
 Sub team deliverables, sub team meetings and status
reports
Team Member
 Person assigned to a team who is responsible for
performing a clearly defined part of the project
activities
Organizational Models
 Two models
 1) Pure line organization
 2) Project organization
 3) Hybrid
Pure Line Organization
Advantages
Disadvantages
Project Organization
Advantages
Disadvantages
Matrix/Hybrid Organizations
Advantages
Disadvantages
Choosing the Project Organization