Research and Higher Education
Networking: A New Internet?
Douglas E. Van Houweling
President & CEO
Internet2
University of Montana
Monday, 17 September 2007
Gallagher Business Bldg., Room 122
Overview
• Where we have been, and why
– Internet2
• Innovation in higher education and
research networking
• Implications for infrastructure
• Implications for the Internet
• The future: What we need to do
History & Background
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ARPANet
1987– NSFNet
Regional networks
1990 -- Advanced Network and Services
1994 -- WWW
1994 -- Commercialization
1997 -- Next Generation Internet Initiative
& Internet2
What is Internet2?
• Membership organization with more
than:
– 200 universities
– 70 corporations
– 40 affiliated organizations
• Supported by membership dues & fees
• Budget more than $30 million per year
What Does Internet2 Do?
Develop and deploy advanced network
applications and technologies,
accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s
Internet
Internet2 Universities
209 University Members as of August 2007
Internet2 Affiliate Members
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ACUTA
Altarum
American Distance Education Consortium
Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA)
CERN
Charles R. Drew University
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Cleveland Institute of Music
Cleveland Museum of Art
Coalition for Networked Information
Desert Research Institute
EDUCAUSE
ESnet
Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society
(HIMSS)
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Indiana Higher Education Telecommunications System
(IHETS)
Inter-American Development Bank
Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
The Library of Congress
Los Alamos National Laboratory
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Manhattan School of Music
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
National Archives and Records Administration
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
National Geographic
National Institutes of Health
NOAA – Washington, D.C.
National Science Foundation
New World Symphony
NIST
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
OSTN (Open Student Television Network)
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Ruth Lily Health Education Center
SURA
TOPIX
U.S. Census Bureau
United Nations System of Organizations
United States Antarctic Program
United States Dept. of Commerce Boulder Labs
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
University of North Carolina General Administration
The World Bank
Internet2 R&E Network
Members
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3ROX
CEN
CENIC
CIC OmniPoP
CPE
FLR
GPN
Indiana GigaPoP
KanREN
LEARN
LONI
MAGPI
MAX
MCNC
Merit Network
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MOREnet
MREN
NJEDge.Net
Northern Lights GigaPoP
NOX
NYSERNet
OARnet
OneNet
OSCnet
OSHEAN
Pacific Northwest GigaPoP
PeachNet
SOX
UEN
WiscNet
State Education Networks
Connected to Internet2
Internet2 Corporate Partners
Internet2 Corporate Sponsors
• Arbor Networks
• Campus Televideo
• Codian, Inc.
• Foundry Networks
• inSORS Integrated
Communications
• Polycom Worldwide
• RADVISION
• TANDBERG
• VBrick Systems
Internet2 Corporate Members
• ADVA Optical Networking
• Apparent Networks
• Arbinet-thexchange, Inc.
• C-SPAN
• Caterpillar, Inc.
• Cdigix
• Cedar Point Communications
• Comcast Cable Communications
• CommuniGate Systems
• EBSCO Information Services
• Education Networks of America, Inc.
• Fujitsu Laboratories of America
• Global Crossing
• Google
• HaiVision Systems, Inc.
• Johnson & Johnson
• KDDI Corporation
• LifeSize Communications
• Lucent Technologies
• Media Links, Inc.
• Napster, LLC
• Nippon Telephone and Telegraph (NTT)
• Northrop Grumman Information Technology
• OCLC Online Computer Library Center
• OpVista, Inc.
• RIAA
• Red Hat, Inc.
• Ruckus Network, Inc.
• Schlumberger
• Steelcase, Inc.
• The Thomson Corporation
• Verizon Business
• Video Furnace, Inc.
• VoEx, Inc
• Warner Bros.
Current International Partners
Europe
Africa
MCIT [EUN/ENSTINET]
ARNES (Slovenia)
(Egypt)
BELNET (Belgium)
TENET (South Africa)
CARNET (Croatia)
CESnet (Czech Republic)
Middle East
DANTE (Europe)
Etisalat University
DFN-Verein (Germany)
College (UAE)
FCCN (Portugal)
Israel-IUCC (Israel)
GARR (Italy)
Qatar Foundation (Qatar)
GIP- RENATER (France)
GRNET (Greece)
South Asia
HEAnet (Ireland)
ERNET/CDAC (India)
HUNGARNET (Hungary)
NORDUnet (Nordic Countries)
PSNC/PIONER (Poland)
RedIRIS (Spain)
RESTENA (Luxembourg)
RIPN (Russia)
SANET (Slovakia)
Stichting SURF (Netherlands)
SWITCH (Switzerland)
TERENA (Europe)
JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom)
Asia-Pacific
AAIREP (Australia)
APAN (Asia-Pacific)
ANF (Korea)
CERNET/CSTNET/
NSFCNET (China)
JAIRC (Japan)
JUCC (Hong Kong)
MYREN/MDeC (Malaysia)
NECTEC/UNINET (Thailand)
PERN (Pakistan)
REANNZ (New Zealand)
SingAREN (Singapore)
NCHC/TANet (Taiwan)
Americas
CANARIE (Canada)
CEDIA (Ecuador)
CLARA (Latin
America & Caribbean)
CNTI (Venezuela)
CR2NET (Costa Rica)
CUDI (Mexico)
REUNA (Chile)
RETINA (Argentina)
RNP [FAPESP] (Brazil)
SENACYT (Panama)
Internet2 International
Partners
Summary
• Internet2 started October 1996
• From 34 to over 200 universities today
– 50+ other research and non-profit institutions
• From United Nations to Lawrence Berkeley Labs to the
New World Symphony
– 50+ for profit companies
– 30 state and regional R&E networks
– Primary, secondary schools, museums, libraries,
healthcare institutions through Sponsored
Educational Group Participants (SEGP)
– More than 50 international partners
Summary
• Internet2
– Provides a high-performance network environment
for the US research and education community
• optimized to meet the needs of research, teaching,
learning, clinical and outreach missions of that
community
– Enables the development and deployment of new
network, middleware and applications
technologies, services and protocols
– Draws the community together to support these
efforts
Technology
– Computing continues to follow Moore’s Law
– Storage is moving to the atomic level
– Networking is exploding in the optical and
wireless domains
– Identity management middleware enables
virtual communities
– Human/Computer interface is rapidly evolving
• Culminating in the Cybersphere
– persistent, pervasive, global, and immersive
information/knowledge environment
Integrated Systems Model
Internet2 infrastructure
100 Mbps 10 Gbs
Library
University
K20 School
Museum
University
Library
K20 School
Research
Laboratory
Nationwide
Network Links
Library
K20 School
Research Laboratory
Museum
A New Networking Model
A New Networking Model
A New Networking Model
The Internet2 network
• Replaced the old “Abilene” backbone network
• Hybrid optical and IP network
• Fiber, optical equipment dedicated to Internet2;
Level 3 maintains network and service level
• Infrastructure to support multiple networks
– Internet2 IP Service
– Dynamic and static circuit services
– ESnet’s next generation network
• Platform supports production services and
experimental projects
Internet2 Network Capabilities
• Capacity and reliability to serve large
scale projects – eVLBI, LHC, NEON,
TeraGrid
• Flexibility to support smaller projects at
lower bandwidths, for variable durations
• Lightpath provisioning to the campus
• Ideal platform for network research
Internet2 Network: Infrastructure with
Multiple Services
Routed IP
Network”
Router Layer
Ethernet Layer
Switched SONET
Layer (vcat, lcas)
Provisioned
Services
“SONET
Switched
Network”
Switched WDM
Optical Layer
Multi-Layer GMPLS Networks
Separate (Peering) Control Plane Instantiations for
each of the above
“Ethernet
VLAN
Switched
Network (i.e.,
HOPI)”
Circuit Service Types
• Static Services - Configured by our NOC
– Ethernet or SONET Framed over Lambda - Directly on the
Infinera wave equipment
– SONET Circuits through the Ciena equipment
– Ethernet Framed tagged or untagged circuits under SONET
via GFP
– MPLS L2VPNs
• Dynamic Circuit Service
– Only through the Ciena equipment at the start, eventually
evolving to the full platform
– Create Circuits in seconds for periods of hours to weeks
Internet2 Network - Layer 1
Internet2 Network Optical Switching Node
Level3 Regen Site
Internet2 Redundant Drop/Add Site
ESnet Drop/Add Site
The Crucial Role of the RONs
Advanced R&E Networking:
Networking Capabilities
TODAY
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Megabit-per-second bandwidth
IP-based services
Campus-focused middleware
Loose coordination across networks
TOMORROW
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Gigabit-per-second bandwith
IP-based and Dynamic Circuit (DC) services
Inter-domain middleware
High coordination across networks
Middleware Infrastructure
• Focus:
– Inter-institutional collaboration
– Scalable authenticated/authorized access to
remote resources
• Internet2 role:
– Defining/creating architecture: Shibboleth
– Tools to implement: Shibboleth, Grouper,
Signet
– Infrastructure/Services to scale: InCommon,
USHER
Advanced R&E Networking:
Applications
TODAY
• TV-Quality Videoconferencing
• Gigabyte-class data sets among small research groups
• Limited access to remote scientific instruments
TOMORROW
• Uncompressed HDTV and gigapixel displays
• Terabyte-class data sets among global research groups
• Routine, reliable, and discipline wide access to remote
scientific instruments
Access to Unique Scientific
Instruments
• Astronomy
• High-Energy and Nuclear Physics
Health Science Research and Instruction
Tele-health
• Medical instruction
• Clinical practice
• Research
Weather Prediction and Disaster Recovery
Images courtesy of NOAA
Supporting Large-scale
Distributed Sensor Networks
• Ecology
• Seismology
• Meteorology
Collaboration and Communication
Hi-fidelity Collaboration
• HD-quality video
• CD-quality audio
Fine Arts Rehearsal and Performance
NEPTUNE
http://www.neptune.washington.edu/
Lewis and Clark: Then and
Now
http://ali.apple.com/lewisandclark/
JASON
http://www.jason.org/
Digital Learning Commons
http://www.learningcommons.org/
CI Functions and Interactions
Instrumentation
Control
User
Security
Viewing
Data
Generation
Program
Security
Security
Analysis
Policy and
Funding
Simulation
Computation
Program
Funding
Agencies
Security
Input
Archive
Retrieval
Data Sets
Storage
Search
Data
Directories
Schema
Metadata
Ontologies
Education
And
Training
Resource
Providers
Campuses
Authentication
Authorization
Collab
Tools
Control
Management
Security and
Access
Access
Control
Help
Desk
Human
Support
3D
Display Imaging
Tools
Data
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Input
Security
Display and
Visualization
Cyberinfrastructure Vision:
More Than High-End Computing and Connectivity
• Focused making greater capabilities available
across the science and engineering research
communities
• Allows applications to interoperate across
institutions and disciplines
• Ensures that data and software are preserved
and easily available to all
• Empowers enhanced collaboration over
distance and across disciplines
Report of the National Science Foundation Blue-Ribbon
Advisory Panel on Cyberinfrastructure
Implications of Internet2’s
Experience for the Internet
• Higher education is a leader in Internet
technology innovation and deployment
• College student experiences drive
commercial demand
• Fiber reaching ever-closer to the end
user
• New industries (gaming, home video
creation/sharing) are demand drivers
The Broadband Home
of Tomorrow
SON and FRIENDS
watching on-demand
HDTV nature show
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20 Mbps
DVR saving HDTV sports
event for later viewing
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20 Mbps
Family movies shared
with UNCLE and AUNT
across the country. 0 10 20
6 Mbps
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6 Mbps
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MOTHER consulting with DOCTOR and
GRANDMOTHER via 3-way DVD-quality videoconferencing,
Including real-time blood pressure and heart rate data
FATHER working with COLLEAGUES via
DVD-quality videoconference and shared
0 10 20 30
virtual whiteboard
6 Mbps
70
70 Mbps
Next Steps in Network
Development
• Optical and wireless technologies
– New types of transport technologies
– All-optical switching
– 10x leap in bandwidth
– Ubiquitous coverage
• Middleware deployment
• Next generation of Internet protocols (IPv6)
3/21/2016
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Gigaband Requirements vs.
Current Broadband Technology
Gigaband Requires
Current Broadband
At least 100 Mbps 7/24/365 Less than 1 Mbps-10 Mbps
Equal capacity upstream
and downstream
Unequal upstream and
downstream capacity
End-to-End Architecture
Impediments to end-to-end
architecture (Firewalls,
NATs, Filtering, etc.)
Network-wide standards
compliant authentication &
security
Site-specific non-standard
authentication & security
Last Mile Options for
Gigaband
• Phone lines
– Twisted pair requires fiber distribution to the curb
• AT&T U-verse example
• Cable TV
– Current ‘channelization’ won’t support GigaBand
– Restructured architecture could provide gigabit service
• Wireless
– Current licensed/unlicensed spectrum insufficient
– Massive spectrum reallocation required for needed capacity
• Fiber to the home/establishment
– Verizon FiOS
3/21/2016
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Top Outstanding Issues
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Gigaband deployment
Network Neutrality
Symmetric end-to-end performance
Federated authentication
Network security
An Asset for the Community
Universities
Universities
Researchers
Researchers
Regional
Networks
Regional
Networks
K-12
K-12
Industry
Industry
International
International
Questions?
• Find us at www.internet2.edu
www.internet2.edu