Oku losZ{k.k
{ks=Qy ,oa vk;ru
ewyHkwr vkdkj
ljy js[kk ;k _tq js[kk Straight Line
ljy js[kk ;k _tq js[kk ,d fcUnq ls nwljs fcUnq ds ,d gh fn'kk esa xeu djrh gSA mlds pyus dk tks iFk curk gS mls ljy
js[kk dgrs gSA
• dks.k Angle
• ,d gh fcUnq ls fudyus okyh nks js[kkvksa ds chp ds Hkkx dks dks.k dgrs gSa A muds mHk;fu"B fcUnq dks
'kh"kZ vkSj nksuksa js[kkvksa dks Hkqtk,a dgrs gSaA
• va'kksa ds vk/kkj ij dks.k 5 izdkj ds gksrs gSa %
U;wudks.k
¼90^ ls de½
vf/kd dks.k
ledks.k
¼90^ ls vf/kd½
¼90^ ds cjkcj½
 _tq dks.k
180^ ds dks.k dks _tq dks.k dgrs gSA _tq dks.k ljy dks.k Hkh dgrs gSA
v
180 ^
c
 o`gn~ dks.k
tks dks.k 180^ ls vf/kd vkSj 360^ ls de curk gS mls o`gn~ dks.k dgrs gSA
• fLFkfr ds vk/kkj ij dks.k 3 izdkj ds gksrs gSa %
vklUu dks.k
'kh"kZfHkeq[k dks.k
yEc
prqHkZt ,oa f=Hkqt
• prqHkqZt Quadrilateral
• Pkkj js[kkvksa ls can vkd`fr dks prqHkqZt dgrs gSa A izR;sd js[kk dks Hkqtk vkSj fdUgh 2 Hkqtkvksa ds
mHk;fu"B fcUnq dks 'kh"kZ dgrs gSaA
• f=Hkqt Triangle
• Rkhu js[kkvksa ls can vkd`fr dks f=Hkqt dgrs gSa A izR;sd js[kk dks Hkqtk vkSj fdUgh 2 Hkqtkvksa ds
mHk;fu"B fcUnq dks 'kh"kZ dgrs gSaA
• Ok`RRk Circle
• ,d can odz vkd`fr ftlds lHkh fcUnq ,d fLFkj fcUnq ls leku nwjh ij gksrs gSa o`Rr dgykrk gSA A bl fLFkj
fcUnq dks dsUnzfcUnq vkSj dsUnz ls o`RRk ds fdlh Hkh fcUnq dks tksM+us okyh js[kk dks f=T;k dgrs
gSaA
Quadrilateral Family
parallelogram
rectangle
trapezoid
rhombus
square
Copyright © 2000 by Monica Yuskaitis
f=Hkqt ds izdkj
v& Hkqtkvksa ds vk/kkj ij
lef)ckgq f=Hkqt
lef=ckgq f=Hkqt
fo"keckgw f=Hkqt
Isosceles Triangle
Equilateral Triangle
Scalene Triangle
Ck& dks.k ds vk/kkj ij
ledks.k f=Hkqt
vf/kd dks.k f=Hkqt
U;wudks.k f=Hkqt
Lkef=dks.k f=Hkqt
Right angled
Triangle
Obtuse Triangle
Acute Triangle
Equiangular Triangle
The area of a shape is defined as the number of square units that cover a closed figure.
For most of the shape that we will be dealing with there is a formula for calculating the
area.
Area of a Rectangle
Area of a Parallelogram
Area of a Trapezoid
h
b
b
A = bh
b = the base of the rectangle
h = the height of the rectangle
A = bh
b = the base of the rectangle
h = the height of the rectangle
Area of a Triangle
A =1/2 bh
b = the base of the triangle
h = the height of the triangle
A = ½ (b1+ b2 )h
b1 = the one base of the trapezoid
b2 = the other base of the trapezoid
h = the height of the trapezoid
Area of a Triangle
Heron’s Formula for a triangle with only sides
A = √{s (s -a )(s -b )(s -c )}
a = one side of the triangle
b = another side of the triangle
c = the third side of the triangle
Area of a Circle
Surface Area of a Rectangular Solid (Box)
𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2
SA = 2(lw +lh +wh )
l = length of the base of the solid
w = width of the base of the solid
h = height of the solid
A =1/2 bh
b = the base of the triangle
h = the height of the triangle
Volume
• Volume of a Solid with a Matching Base and Top
V =Ah
A= area of the base of the solid
h = height of the solid
• Volume of a Rectangular Solid
(specific type of solid with matching base and top)
V = lwh
l = length of the base of the solid
w = width of the base of the solid
h = height of the solid
• A cylinder is an object with straight sides and circular ends of the same size. The
volume of a cylinder can be found in the same way you find the volume of a solid
with a matching base and top.
• Volume of a Cylinder
V =Ah
Or V = r2h
A = the area of the base of the cylinder
h = the height of the cylinder
• The surface area of a cylinder can be easily found when you realize that you have
to find the area of the circular base and top and add that to the area of the sides.
If you slice the side of the cylinder in a straight line from top to bottom and open
it up, you will see that it makes a rectangle. The base of the rectangle is the
circumference of the circular base, and the height of the rectangle is the height of
the cylinder.
• Surface Area of a Cylinder
SA = 2(r2 ) + 2rh
r = the radius of the circular base of the cylinder
h = the height of the cylinder
π = the number that is approximated by 3.141593
Volume of a Cone
V = 1/3 r2h
r = radius of the base of the cone
h= height of the cone
/kU;okn