Biology 2201 – Unit 1 Worksheet
Chapter 1 – Cell Organelles and their Functions
-Cell membrane
-Endoplasmic reticulum
-Vacuole
-Microtubules/filaments
-Cytoplasm
-Ribosome
-Vesicle
-Lysosome
-Nucleus
-Mitochondria
-Golgi apparatus
-Flagella
-Nucleolus
-Chloroplast
-Cilia
-Cell wall
Tiny two-part structure found throughout the cytoplasm that helps put
together proteins.
Structure that separates the cell interior from the outside world and
controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell. Helps the
cell maintain homeostasis. It has a lipid bi-layer.
Command centre of the cell that contains the DNA blueprints for
making proteins and is surrounded by a double-membrane to protect
the DNA from potentially damaging by-products of biochemical
reactions.
Small membrane bound transport sac. Some special types of vesicles
have different jobs in the cell (such as lysosomes that contains
digestive enzymes that break down old cell parts or material brought
into cells and peroxisomes that break down lipids and toxic waste
products).
Fluidic gel made up mostly of water and dissolved nutrients and
waste. Provides a fluidic environment organelles to carry out chemical
reactions.
Powerhouse of the cell where organic molecules (usually
carbohydrates) are broken down inside a double membrane to
release and transfer energy.
Large, membrane bound fluid filled sac for the temporary storage of
food, water or waste products.
Network of three kinds of interconnected fibres that maintain cell
shape and allow for movement of cell parts (includes the
cytoskeleton).
Stack of flattened membrane-bound sacs that receive vesicles from
the ER, contain enzymes for modifying proteins and lipids, package
finished products into vesicles for transport to the cell membrane (for
secretion out of the cell) and within the cell as lysosomes.
System of flattened membrane-bound sacs and tubes continuous with
the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope that has two types of
membrane. The rough __ has ribosomes and synthesizes proteins
and the smooth __ which has canals which help transport the proteins
throughout the cell.
Hair-like structures extending from the cell membrane that beat in a
coordinated rhythm to produce movement. Many microscopic, onecelled organisms have ___, allowing them to move through water
Contains digestive enzymes that break down old cell parts or material
brought into cells.
Plant cells have an outer ___ made of cellulose; animal cells do not
have this. It provides rigidity and protection.
Plastid that gives green plants their colour and transfers energy in
sunlight into stored energy in carbohydrates during photosynthesis.
Specialized area of chromatin (uncoiled DNA) inside the nucleus
where ribosomal RNA is produced to make ribosomes.
Long hair-like projections extending from the cell membrane that use
a whip-like motion to move the cell. Ex. Sperm cells have a ___ which
allow them to swim in the in seminal fluid.