Unit Question: How did nationalism and the desire for change
shape world events in the early 1900s?
AIM: HOW DID LATIN AMERICANS
STRUGGLE FOR CHANGE IN THE
EARLY 1900S?
Do Now:
A. What was
the social
class system
in 17 th
century
Latin
America?
B. Why was
Latin
America
economically
beneficial?
MEXICAN REVOLUTION (1910)
B. Francisco Madero liberal reformer
Democratically elected in 1911
C. Victoriano
Huerta
General who killed
Madero & setup a
dictatorship
A. Porfirio Diaz
Faced with rebellion
Resigned after
holding
power about 30 yrs.
D. Pancho Villa &
Emiliano Zappata
formed an uneasy
coalition against
Huerta to improve
peasants lives.
E. Venustiano Carranza turned
on Villa & Zappata & became
president of Mexico (1917). New
constitution passed, but reformed
were slow to occur.
 Constitution of 1917: strengthened government
control over the economy
• Land: permitted breakup of large estates;
nationalization- government takes over
natural resources; restrictions on foreigners
owning land
• Labor: set minimum wage & protected
worker’s right to strike
• Religion: Church land was “property of the
nation”
 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) 1929:
helped all social classes; suppressed opposition
and dissent = stability for Mexico until 2000.
PRESIDENT LAZARO CARDENAS= NATIONALISM
 Redistributed land among the
peasants
 Helped some Indian
communities regain their land
 Schools & libraries opened
 Dedicated teachers worked for
low pay
 Government supported labor
unions
 Fought the issue of illiteracy
(ability to read & write)
 *nationalized (state
ownership) oil industry
 Formerly owned by Britain &
American
NATIONALISM IN LATIN AMERICA
 Economic: developed their
own industries, but unequal
wealth distribution held
Mexico back
 Political: liberalism with
limited government vs.
strong authoritarian
government
 Cultural Nationalism:
pride in one’s own culture
was reflected in murals
 Ex: Diego Rivera
 Good Neighbor Policy:
U.S pledged to lessen
interference in the affairs of
Latin American nations
Mexican Murals
CLASS ACTIVIT Y
 Create an introduction for nationalism/human rights
violation/revolution
(use regents example)
----OR------ Create a mural showing cultural nationalism in Mexico
AIM: HOW DID
NATIONALISM
CONTRIBUTE TO
CHANGES IN AFRICA
AND THE MIDDLE EAST
FOLLOWING WORLD
WAR I?
Do Now:
Review –
How did
nationalism
influence
the country
of Mexico?
PRE-WORLD WAR I
Describe the
effects of
Imperialism on
the following
parts of the
world leading
up to WWI:
 Africa
 Middle East
 A F RICA: D uri n g t h e 1 9 2 0 s a n d 1 9 3 0 s, a n ew
g e n e rat ion o f l e a der s, pro ud o f th e i r un i q ue
h e ri t a ge, s t rug g led to s to p i m pe rialism a n d
re s to re Afri c a fo r Afri c a n s.
 M I D D LE E AS T: N a t i o n alism m ovement s
bro ug h t i m me nse c h a n g es to t h e M i ddl e E ast
i n t h e a f te rm a t h o f Wo rl d Wa r I. Th e
de fe a te d Ot to m a n E m pi re wa s n e a r c o l lapse
i n 1 91 8 . It s Ara b l a n ds, a s yo u k n ow, we re
di v ide d bet we e n B ri t a in a n d Fra n c e .
H owever, i n As i a M i n or, Turk s re s i sted
We s te rn c o n t ro l a n d fo ug h t to bui l d a
m o de rn s t a te .
 M I D D LE E AS T: Oi l be c a m e a m a j or fa c to r
t h ro ug h out t h e M i ddl e E a s t duri n g t h i s
pe ri o d. Th e us e o f g a s olin e -powered e n g in es
i n va ri ous ve hic les duri n g WWI s h owe d t h a t
o i l wa s t h e fue l o f t h e fut ure . Fo re i gn
c o m pa nies be g a n to m ove i n to t h e M i ddl e
E a s t to ex pl o it i t s l a rg e o i l re s e r ves .
AFRICANS RESIST COLONIAL RULE
Apartheid –
a policy of
rigid
segregation
NATIONALISM AND AN “AFRICA FOR
AFRICANS”
Pan-Africanism:
emphasized the unity
of Africans and people
of African descent
worldwide
Negritude movement:
writers expressed
pride in their African
roots and protested
colonial rule.
FATHER OF MODERN TURKEY
 Asia Minor: the Turkish  Ataturk’s Reforms in Turkey:
peninsula between the
 Replaced Islamic law with European
Black Sea and the
model
Mediterranean Sea
 Replaced Muslim calendar with
Western (Christian calendar)
 Moved day of rest from Friday to
Sunday
 Closed religious schools and opened
state schools
 Forced people to wear Western-style
clothes
 Replaced Arabic alphabet with Latin
alphabet
 Gave women the right to vote and to
work outside the home
ARAB NATIONALISM IN THE MIDDLE EAST
 Pan-Arabism:
nationalist movement
that was built on the
shared heritage of
Arabs who lived in lands
from the Arabian
peninsula to North
Africa.
 Balfour Declaration:
(1917) the British
advocate setting up a
“national home for the
Jewish people” in
Palestine
AIM: HOW DID GANDHI AND THE
CONGRESS PARTY WORK FOR
INDEPENDENCE FOR INDIA?
Do Now:
Describe
European
Imperialism
in India.
AMRITSAR MASSACRE APRIL 1919
British General Dyer ordered 50 soldiers to
fire on 1,000’s people in India who were
holding a public meeting
Gandhi becomes leader of Indian National Congress
(1920)
Ahimsa: non-violence &
respect for all life
SPINNING WHEEL
THE SALT MARCH
What did the Salt
March symbolize?
GANDHI (1982) OSCAR WINNING MOVIE
EXIT
Gandhi and the Global Regents
January 2015 DBQ Global Regents
Questions
http://www.nysedregents.org/globalhistory
geography/115/glhg12015-examw.pdf
AIM: HOW DID CHINA COPE
WITH INTERNAL DIVISION
AND FOREIGN INVASION IN
THE EARLY 1900S?
**TWO homework’s up on Engrade – one from before break, one for tonight.
PLEASE do both. You only have 4 assignments left this school year.
Do Now:
Review:
Describe the
Imperialism
of China in
the late
1800s.
CHINA
 China’s Qing dynasty collapses in 1911 .
 New President: Sun Yixian – hoped to rebuild China through Nationalism,
democracy and economic security for everyone.
 Problems:
 1. Warlord Problem – Yuan Shikai takes over, at death, China plunges into
disorder
 2. Foreign Imperialism – increased influence over Chinese affairs
 Twenty One Demands – a list of demands that sought to make China a
Japanese protectorate
 Here comes Mar xism! Vanguard – elite leaders trained by Soviets
 Struggle for a New China
 Civil War:
 1921 – Sun Yixian and his Guomindang (Nationalist Party) establish
government in South China.
 Strongest when led by Jiang Jieshi
 Mao Zedong and the Communists – forget the working class, we want support
of the huge peasant population!
 The Long March – 1934-1935
 Mao’s forces use guerilla warfare and win. Communists set up new base
CHINA AND JAPAN
 While Jiang was pursuing the
Communists across China, Japan
invades Manchuria in 1931.
 Causes brief unity between Nationalists and
Communists
 December 13 1931 – “rape of Nanjing”
 Japanese call is the Manchurian Incident
JAPAN
 Hirohito – reigned
from 1926-1989
 Under reign, Japan
experienced
remarkable successes
and appalling
tragedies
 1920s-1930s –
under pressures of
extreme
nationalism and
economic upheaval,
Japan is set on
militaristic and
expansionist path
DOCUMENT FUN!
Directions:
1. Independently read.
2. Answer questions on chart paper as small
group.
3. Discuss, review.
NATIONALISM AROUND THE WORLD –
TEST REVIEW