ePortfolios: Institutional
Adoption Strategies
E-Learning Strategies & Practices
Hokling CHEUNG
Office of Education Development and General Education
City University of Hong Kong
December 1, 2010
Innovation Adoption
Visions
Pragmatic Values
Source: Everett Rogers, Diffusion of Innovation Theory
(Everett Rogers, 1962 & VH Carr Jr, 1999)
Visions
Pragmatic Values
Visions
Visions
A Personal
Learning Space
Personal
Development
Planning
ePortfolios
Digital
Identity
Social Learning
& Learning
Communities
Approaches to
Lifelong
Learning
User-centric
e-Learning
Environment
“A portfolio tells a story.”
“The portfolio is a laboratory
where students construct
meaning from their accumulated
experience.”
What are they?
ePortfolios
“A portfolio is opinion backed by
fact ..”
Paulson & Paulson, 1991
A teaching portfolio “summarizes major teaching accomplishments and
strengths of a professor, and provides a selective account of best practices. It is
both reflective and qualitative in its assembly, and involves the collection and
presentation of materials in a concise manner (i.e., it's more than just a
container to showcase instructional materials)."
http://www.tss.uoguelph.ca/resources/idres/packagetd.html
Types of Portfolios
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Learning portfolios
Employment portfolios
Assessment portfolios
Showcase portfolios
Personal development portfolios
Teaching portfolios
Training portfolios
These different "types“ of ePortfolios reflected the fact that
ePortfolios are being produced and consumed (used) in
many different processes, or to manage different
processes.
Serge Ravet
http://www.eife-l.org/publications/eportfolio/documentation/positionpaper
Paperless
portfolios
What are they?
ePortfolios
An ePortfolio is “a collection of
authentic and diverse evidence,
drawn from a larger archive, that
represents what a person or
organisation has learned over
time, on which the person or
organisation has reflected,
and designed for presentation to
one or more audiences for a
particular rhetorical purpose".
Educause, NLII, 2003
ePortfolios
Personal particulars
Biography
Values & Beliefs
Goals
Aspirations
Styles
Interests & Hobbies
IDENTITY
product
process
self
+
Learning
Development
Plan Execution
Documentation
Reflection
Collaboration
MANAGEMENT
(frequent update,
sharing, dialogic feedback & collaboration)
+
Showcase
Assessment
Graduate
Employment
Professional
Appraisal
PRESENTATION
What are they
to e-Learning?
ePortfolios
e-Learning
-
role-based/hierarchical
• Instructor vs Students
unequal access to functions & info.
distributive
web 2.0: Wiki, Blog, RSS (partial)
course-based
teacher-owned
Learning
Management
Systems
e-Learning
Internet (Web2.0)
Web as a platform open for
everyone to participate,
share information,
organize & create knowledge,
initiate discussion & activities,
social network & collaborate etc.
Technologies have enabled everyone of us to
take snapshots of
different moments of
life
capture the motion of
time and interaction
record the music of
laughters and tears
communicate
everywhere
with whoever we want
interact in different
ways
make things
much more portable
and sharable
ePortfolios are
•
•
•
•
•
•
repository of work & experiences
personal knowledge management tools
showcase of reflective learning and lifestyle!
celebration of accomplishments
platforms for connection
lifelong learning strategies
ePortfolios
e-Learning
user centric
personal & social
management
goals & plans
activities
thoughts
artifacts
comments & feedback
access & privileges
collaboration
presentation & showcase
Visions
Pragmatic Values
Visions
Pragmatic Values
Communication Implementation
Information
Facilitation
Investigation
Evaluation
2009-11 ePortfolios for All: A Roadmap for Success
2007-09 Electronic Learning Portfolio
2005-06 English Language Portfolio
ePortfolio for Learning
Outcomes
Extrinsic Motivation
attend classes
Reflection, Feedback &
Dialogue
ePortfolio: Goals, Action
Plans, Accomplishment,
Reflection, Collection of
Artifacts, Qualifications
relate
complete assignments
Activities + Outcomes
take examinations
Outcomes + Goals
get the grades
Goals + Actions
internalise
enjoy the break
Intrinsic Motivation
“…without a central focus on
reflection, e-portfolios are in
danger of becoming simply a
collection of information rather
than a mechanism for the
development of meaningful
knowledge.”
Battacharya, M & Hartnett, M. E-Portfolio Assessment in Higher Education [Online].
Available: http://fie.engrng.pitt.edu/fie2007/papers/1720.pdf [Accessed June 17, 2008]
Some comments from ePortfolio developers
• (By using ePortfolio,) I can focus on what my goals are, and
follow step by step to achieve my goals.
• (ePortfolios) enable me to evaluate my learning process and
outcome.
• As a research student, I find ePortfolio is a useful tool for
managing information and organising thoughts...thanks.
• (ePortfolio) helps me plan my three years’ university life.
• (ePortfolio helps us) review what we have done, evaluate our
goals and express our strengths to others.
• ePortfolio is useful for every students. I think that ePortfolio
workshops should be promoted to all students since their first
year in the university.
Feedback from students
Having the experience in
developing ePortfolios
and learning to reflect,
• Many students (65%) realise
many students identified
that preparation and
important factors or
planning like goal setting,
strategies that can help them
action planning, knowing the
learn better.
course ILOs and assessment
criteria, etc. are helpful for
achieving better performance.
(634 students responded in Semester A & B 2007-8)
Feedback from students
The positive effect on learning
is related mainly to the
practices of reflection and
the process of portfolio
making.
Both formative and summative
reflection were agreed to be
important by about half of the
students.
• 56% reflection is very
important during the
process of learning.
• 62% students think that the
process of developing a
portfolio is useful for learning. • 46% reflective review and
summary at the end of a
particular course or activity
• 34% students think the end
is important.
product of the portfolio is
useful for learning.
(634 students responded in Semester A & B 2007-8)
Integration to courses & activities
Programmes
Language
Students
Courses
Exchange
Staff Development
Field Trip
ePortfolios
Job Application
Academic advising
Celebrities
Internship
Student Ambassadors
University transitions
Employment preparation
Co-curriculum
Professional Development
Policies
Employers
Senior Management
Teachers
Other universities
Overseas universities
Secondary schools
Student Learning Profile (SLP)
ePortfolio Coverage
Phase
Departments
2005-07
2007-09
2009-11
•English Language Centre
•Education Development
Office
•English Language Centre
•Biology and Chemistry
•Public and Social Administration
•English and Communication
•Division of Building Science and
Technology
•School of Graduate Studies
•Computer Studies
•Education Development Office
•English Language Centre
•Biology and Chemistry
•Public and Social Administration
•English and Communication
•Division of Building Science and
Technology
•School of Graduate Studies
•Electronic Engineering
•Information Systems
•Office of Education Development
and General Education
Workshop types
– Course-based learning
ePortfolio workshop
– Course-based learning
ePortfolio workshop
– Learning ePortfolio workshop
– Internal Teaching ePortfolio
workshop
– Course-based learning
ePortfolio workshop
– Learning ePortfolio workshop
– Employment ePortfolio
workshop
– Teaching ePortfolio workshop
– Creative use of multimedia
– Portfolio information seminar
ePortfolio types
English Language Portfolios
Electronic Learning Portfolios
Learning ePortfolios
Graduate/Employment ePortfolios
Teaching ePortfolios
Professional ePortfolios
Celebrities ePortfolios
Number of
ePortfolios
260
3400
4800 (up till now)
ePortfolios for All: A Roadmap For Success
A CityU Teaching Development Grant funded project
ePortfolios: Plan, Manage, Reflect and Present
Your Goals, Accomplishments and Expertise
Professional Portfolios
Graduate/Employment
Portfolios
Language
Portfolios
Learning Portfolios
Showcase
Portfolios
Performance Appraisal
Portfolios
event organisation
workshops
communityContinuing
services
recognitions
projects
Graduation
Learning
& Development
Professional
Development
study trip
courses
exchange
further study
publications
final year project
competitions
course work internship
awards professional membership
part-time jobs
group projects Student unions
community services
Academic Advising
Academic Advising
Learning
Teaching
ePortfolios
Assessment
Institutional
Enhancement
Employment
Professional Development
• Self-awareness
• University Study Guidance
• Students at-Risk Assistance
Enhancement of Learning & Teaching
•
•
•
•
•
•
Motivation & Engagement
Goal Setting & Action Planning
Reflection/Reflective Practice
Learning & Knowledge Management
Learning Community
Lifelong Learning
ILOs
Outcomes
• Performance Assessment
• Evidence Collection
• Evaluation/Quality Assurance
TLAs
Professional Development
•
•
•
•
•
Articulation of Expertise & Achievements
Career Planning and Preparation
Tenure Review, Awards, Promotion
Reflective Practice
Publicity
ATs
ePortfolios for All: A Roadmap for Success - Project Overview
ePortfolios
purposes, contexts & audience
Learning
ePortfolios
Graduate
ePortfolios
Personal
Career
Professional Development Preparation
ePortfolios ePortfolios ePortfolios
Project Aims:
1.lay the foundations of a university wide ePortfolio culture
2.actualise full student learning experience
3.promote the goal of becoming CityU Ideal Graduates
4.motivate students to take ownership and responsibility
for their learning, development and career success
5.inform and motivate students to use available support
resources & services
6.motivate teachers and coordinators of co-curricular
activities to review their teaching and coaching practices
and integrate reflection into the related activities
Generic structure with
specific strategies
Investigators (PI) and
Co-Investigators (Co-PI) of the Project
Hokling Cheung (EDO) (PI)
Dean Fisher (ELC) (PI)
Andy Chan (EE) (Co-PI)
Arthur Cheung (SA) (Co-PI)
Paul Shin (BCH) (Co-PI)
Christoph Hafner (Co-PI)
Terence Cheung (Co-PI)
Valerie Pickard (ELC) (Co-PI)
Vicky Chan (EDO) (Co-PI)
+ participating teachers and activities
coordinators
(40 ELC Teachers, Tania Lau, Amy
Mak, Ron Kwok, Jackie Lou, Connie
Ng, Winnie Yee, Stephanie Lai, Anita
Lam, Kevin Forde, Tak Yan Lee, Teresa
Chow, William Leung & etc.)
Student Learning Outcomes
1.use effective skills and strategies to
design ePortfolios for specific
purposes
2.select and use available tools to
construct ePortfolios
3.identify how CityU's learning
activities, support resources and
services, etc, relate to attaining the
Ideal Graduate attributes and
programme outcomes
4.adopt reflective practices to manage
learning and development
5.articulate and evidence their
accomplishments, abilities and
aspirations in the specific context of
learning and development.
Track I: Student Learning
Design and delivery of voluntary workshops
Specific students targeted
(e.g. A+++ students, student ambassadors)
University-wide promotion
ePortfolio Competition and Award Ceremony
students
Self-selected students
and students from
participating courses &
co-curricular activities.
Available to all
CityU
students.
Track II: Roadmaps
ePortfolio Repository: Discipline specific ePortfolio
templates to inform, recommend & direct students to
specific resources, services, co-curricular activities,
workshops and schemes etc.
Guide students towards: programme outcomes,
ideal graduate attributes and employment
opportunities
Celebrities’ ePortfolios
Teacher Learning Outcomes
1. design & construct their own
professional ePortfolios
2. guide students to become Ideal
Graduates
3. recognise the importance of
reflection in learning
4. adopt strategies to encourage
student reflection
teachers
ePortfolio
Commons
Investigators of the
project, teachers and
coordinators of
co-curricular activities.
Departments, programme leaders
and other university support units.
institution
Track III: Staff Development
Project investigators create their own professional development ePortfolios.
Collaboration with teachers and co-curricular activities coordinators to integrate
ePortfolio, reflection or related skills in the programmes, courses or activities.
Appreciation of the value of ePortfolios for development and learning
Provide encouragement and set an example for students
 University Success Roadmap
–
ePortfolio template for transitions and
university study guidance
 ePortfolio Workshops/Sessions
Teachers/
Coordinators/
Programme
leaders
Research
Promotion
Other
Universities/
Schools/
Professionals/
Employers
Students/
Student
Celebrities/
Helpers
Outreach
Training
Management/
Other Related
Departments
–
–
–
–
–
–
Learning
Employment
Teaching
Creative Use of Multimedia
Strategic Teaching Enhancement Programme
ePortfolio Information Seminar
–
–
–
ePortfolio HOW
ePortfolio WHY
ePortfolio GALLERY/Repository
–
–
–
Student celebrities
Teacher celebrities
Professional celebrities
–
–
–
–
–
–
ePortfolio Pedagogies
ePortfolio Technologies
Impact on learning
Impact on employability
Generic structure of ePortfolios
Publicity & information leaflets
 Online Guides & Resources
 Celebrities’ ePortfolios
 Research & Publications
 ePortfolio Competition
 ePortfolio Commons
http://www.cityu.edu.hk/edge/eportfolio
 University Success Roadmap
–
ePortfolio template for transitions and
university study guidance
 ePortfolio Workshops/Sessions
–
–
–
–
–
–
Learning
Employment
Teaching
Creative Use of Multimedia
Strategic Teaching Enhancement Programme
ePortfolio Information Seminar
–
–
–
ePortfolio HOW
ePortfolio WHY
ePortfolio GALLERY/Repository
–
–
–
Student celebrities
Teacher celebrities
Professional celebrities
–
–
–
–
–
–
ePortfolio Pedagogies
ePortfolio Technologies
Impact on learning
Impact on employability
Generic structure of ePortfolios
Publicity & information leaflets
 Online Guides & Resources
 Celebrities’ ePortfolios
 Research & Publications
 ePortfolio Competition
 ePortfolio Commons
http://www.cityu.edu.hk/edge/eportfolio
ePortfolio Workshops
Roadmap for University Success
• steers first-to-final-year students
• emphasizes whole-person development & lifelong
learning
• facilitates student-centric information delivery
• develops reflective thinking skills & other important
generic skills
Celebrities
• Dr. Ben Au Yeung (Chinese University of Hong Kong)
• Dr. Renford Reese (California Polytechnic State
University, Pomona)
• Mr. Andrew Fan (Nu Skin) (Alumni)
• Mr. Bena Smith (WWF Hong Kong)
• Mr. Charles Mok (Internet Society Hong Kong)
• Ms. Elaine Cheng (Dot Asia, NetMission)
• Ms. Ellen Pau (Videotage)
• Ms. Fanny Chan (HeadlineJobs.hk)
CityU Teachers
• Dr. Annis Fung (SS)
• Dr. Arthur Cheung (SA)
• Dr. Linda Lai (SM)
• Mr. David Woo (EL)
• Mr. Dean Fisher (EL)
• Ms. Penny Akers (EL)
CityU Students
• Mr. Andy Chu (SM)
• Mr. Billy Li (CS)
• Mr. Chapman Ho (IS)
• Mr. Dick Lai (IS)
• Mr. Jacky Man (LW)
• Mr. Kafar Wong (IS)
• Mr. Keith Yeung (IS)
• Mr. Morgan Aasdam (SM)
• Mr. Refeal Leung (BC)
• Ms. Yvonne Ni (SM)
Publications
Fisher, D.W., Cheung, H.L., Chen, Y., Chan, Y.F. & Wong, M.C. (forthcoming).
ePortfolios for higher education: A Hong Kong perspective. In D. Cambridge (ed.)
Global Diffusion of E-Portfolio: Solutions for Collaborative Education. IGI Global.
Kwok, C.W., Cheung, H.L., Chen, Y.J., Thadani, D., Bandyopadhyay, R., Lau, T.Y. &
Wong, M.C. (forthcoming). Positive effects of reflective ePortfolio on overseas
exchange learning experience. In 3rd International Conference on Computer
Supported Education, the Netherlands, 6-9 May, 2011.
Fisher, D.W., Cheung, H.L., Pickard, V. & Chen, Y.J. (2010). Embarking on the
Journey of ePortfolio Experience: A New Approach to Enhance Graduate
Employability. Learning Forum London 2010, ePortfolio 2010 and Key
Competencies 2010, London, July 5-7, 2010.
Kwok, C.W., Cheung, H.L., Pickard, V., Chen, Y.J., Lau, T.Y., Bandyopadhyay, R. &
Wong, M.C. (2010). Effects of Reflective e-Portfolio on Students' Overseas
Exchange Learning Experience. Teaching and Learning Symposium 2010, Hong
Kong, June 6-8 2010.
Publications
Zhou, M., Cheung, H.L., Wong, M.C., Chan, Y.F. & Pickard, V. (2010). An
Evaluation of Electronic Portfolio Platforms in Higher Education. e-CASE & eTech 2010 Conference, Macau, China, January 25-27, 2010. (Distinguished
Paper Award)
Cheung, H.L., Zhou, M., Pickard, V., Fisher, D.W. & Chan, Y.F. (2010). The Design,
Implementation and Evaluation of a Generic Structure for ePortfolios/Portfolios.
e-CASE & e-Tech 2010 Conference, Macau, China, January 25-27, 2010.
Cheung, H.L., Fisher, D.W., Pickard, V. & Chan, Y.F. (2009). Scaffolding Student
Learning: Integrating ePortfolios into the University Experience. International
Conference on Improving University Teaching (IUT), Vancouver, Canada, July
14-17, 2009.
Williams, F., Chan, Y.F. & Cheung, H.L. (2009). The English Language E-portfolio.
In J. Zubizarreta (ed.). The Learning Portfolio. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass.
Williams. F., Chan, Y.F. & Cheung, H.L. (2007). Promoting Active and Reflective
Learning Through e-Portfolios: Difficulties And Challenges. International
Conference on Improving University Teaching (IUT), Jaén, Spain, July 4 -7, 2007.
ePortfolio & Employability
Job application
Will employers view
job applicants'
ePortfolios if a link is
provided?
At which stage of the
recruitment process
do employers see
ePortfolios as being
potentially most
effective?
Maintaining employment & obtaining new employment if needed
To what extent can ePortfolios help students develop a set of
skills and strategies that are desirable for employers?
Skills & strategies
developed
=
Important in the
workplace
Ref: Hillage, J and Pollard, E (1998) Employability: developing a framework for policy analysis.
Research Brief 85, Department for Education and Employment
Student Post-Experience & Employer Surveys
Employability Enhancement (Some preliminary data)
Goal Setting & Action Planning
Skills developed
Important in the workplace
Post-Experience & Employer Surveys
Employability Enhancement (Some preliminary data)
Goal Setting & Action Planning
Identify Strengths & Weaknesses
Post-Experience & Employer Surveys
Employability Enhancement (Some preliminary data)
Goal Setting & Action Planning
Identify Strengths & Weaknesses
Record Accomplishments
Post-Experience & Employer Surveys
Employability Enhancement (Some preliminary data)
Goal Setting & Action Planning
Identify Strengths & Weaknesses
Record Accomplishments
Provide Evidence for
Performance Claims
Post-Experience & Employer Surveys
Employability Enhancement (Some preliminary data)
Goal Setting & Action Planning
Identify Strengths & Weaknesses
Record Accomplishments
Provide Evidence for
Performance Claims
Establish a Positive Image
Employability
Job application
Employability
Job application
Visions
Pragmatic Values
Communication Implementation
Information
Facilitation
Investigation
Evaluation
Why top down?
What are the needs & challenges?
Visions
Pragmatic Values
What are the possible benefits?
ePortfolio Initiatives at National Level & in
Tertiary Institutions
Europe Europass & EPICC: increase
transparency of qualifications, citizens’
mobility, lifelong learning, continuing
professional development
UK Personal Development Planning (PDP)
Australia development of graduate
capabilities
US reflective learning and personal
development
Canada Graduation Portfolio Assessment
HK Outcomes-Based Teaching & Learning
(OBTL), Student Learning Profile (SLP) & Other
Learning Experience (OLE)
Driving Forces
POLICY
LEARNING
OUTCOMES
EMPLOYABILITY
TECHNOLOGY
QUALITY
ASSURANCE
GUIDANCE
LIFELONG
LEARNING
–
National policy (Mobility of Citizens & Competiveness)
–
Course/Programme/School level
–
Student centered learning
–
Graduate capabilities
–
Generic skills & knowledge for real-world applications
–
Employment, Job search/ Transparency of Qualifications
–
Appraisal, Tenure and promotion processes
–
Infusion of technology/ Empowerment of individuals
–
Digital, Not Physical!
–
Outcomes based teaching & learning
–
Authentic and performance assessment
–
Institutional achievement/ improvement
–
Academic advising
–
Career consultation
–
Whole Person Development
–
Lifelong learning
Relevant Trends in Higher Education
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Authentic learning experiences
Learning communities (peer learning, collegiality)
Competencies & outcomes
Transferable & employability skills
Blending information literacy, technology fluency,
communication proficiency, presentation skills and domain
knowledge
Treating students as big-picture thinkers and critically engaged
doers
Academic advising
Reflective practices & continuous development (employability)
Era of accountability & QA
Lifelong learning
Reese, M. et al & Moore, Anne H. et al
http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ERB0904.pdf
Issues & Challenges
Perception & Purposes
– confusion caused by widely differing definitions and perceptions of
the nature and functions of ePortfolios. ePortfolios are not only
different things to different people, they can also be different things
to the same person as perspectives and purposes change.
– problems arising from the conflicting paradigms and purposes of
ePortfolios (Barrett and Carney, 2005)
Motivation
– Benefits/Incentives (extrinsic & intrinsic motivation)
– Time & efforts
– Technical challenges (digital native vs consumer)
Issues & Challenges
What should be
the content
structure?
Which type of
ePortfolio to create?
?
Who is going to
view this
portfolio?
Is there any
template to
follow?
Generic Structure of ePortfolios
PROFILE
Personal particulars, biography, values & beliefs,
interests and hobbies etc
SUMMARY
Purpose, audience, achievements and
development, reflection and future direction
SHOWCASE
Representative work & evidence
QUALIFICATIONS
Official recognition of achievements,
qualifications, contribution and participation
Generic Structure of ePortfolios
Benefits!

Enhances accessibility, usability and readability for more effective

communication
Develops generic and transferable knowledge and skills
which eases the demands on training and support resources for future
ePortfolio development
 Allows creativity as developers can choose to adopt or adjust the
structure according to their own needs

Provides a sound framework for managing and showcasing one’s
accomplishments, expertise and aspirations
Issues & Challenges
Pedagogy
– Instructional design
– Faculty development
– Curriculum review and design
Technology
–
–
–
–
–
Integration with existing LMS
Commercial or open sourced
Universal standards (Interoperability & portability)
Availability (lifelong?)
Emerging features and functions
The Chronology of CityU’s ePortfolio Technologies
Course-based Wikis and Blogs
Digital story
More emphasis and facilitation on feedback
Website
Advanced HTML
Emphasis on
technologies
Wiki functions in MyExpo
User centric application
Google Apps,
Mahara,
Facebook
Mobile solutions
Institutional commitments,
integration & strategies
Bb Basic Portfolio function
Direct use of templates
Emphasis on reflection
2005-2006
2007-2009
One-web-page (simple HTML)
Digital story
More emphasis on reflection
2009-2010
2011 & beyond
Blackboard, Desire2Learnpilot,
Fusionpilot and Google Sites
Generic ePortfolio structure
ePortfolios for diverse purposes
Proposing the Institutionalisation
of ePortfolios for
Teaching and Learning
Institutional
Enhancement at CityU
commitments
& supports
• enhance learning and employability
• enhance teaching
Curriculum & Co-Curriculum
• ePortfolios should be integrated into all General
Education core courses for all first year students
to record, manage and reflect on their learning
and development;
• Students who apply for scholarships, exchange
programs or internships in CityU should submit
ePortfolios as a requirement for application.
Faculty development
• ePortfolios should be used for peer
review/observation among teachers;
• Teachers who apply for Teaching Excellence
Awards should submit ePortfolios as a required
document for application.
Technical infrastructure
• Technology infrastructure should address the
requirements of ePortfolios for all through coordinated
efforts in testing and integrating ePortfolio platforms
and tools into the existing IT infrastructure such as an
online learning management system;
• Students should be able to continue to own and
develop ePortfolios after graduation for at least three
years, and ideally, life-long.
Quality assurance
• The ePortfolio should be used as a course evaluation
tool;
• The ePortfolio should be used as a performance
appraisal tool for evaluating teaching performance;
• The ePortfolio should be recognized as one of the means
to evaluate Outcomes Based Teaching and Learning
(OBTL);
• The ePortfolio should be recognized as a core IT literacy
skill for all students, teachers and staff.
Proposing the Institutionalisation
of ePortfolios for Teaching and
Learning Enhancement at CityU
Visions
Pragmatic Values
Communication Implementation
Information
Facilitation
Investigation
Evaluation
What will future
users do with
the technologies?
Web 3.0
portable personal web
Web 2.0
wildly read-write web
Twitter
Podcasts
Blog
Flash
Web 1.0
mostly read-only web
WIKI
RSS
RSSvideo
Podcasts
WIKI
Blog
Facebook
YouTube
Image source: http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2005/10/10/opinion/1010opart.jpg by Randy Siegel
Portfolio
of Passions
References
•
Moore, Anne H., Fowler Shelli B., Brent K. Jesiek, John F. Moore, and C. Edward Watson.
“Learners 2.0? IT and 21st-Century Learners in Higher Education" (Research Bulletin,
Issue 7) (Boulder, CO: EDUCAUSE Center for Applied Research, 2008), 5, available from
http://www.educause.edu/ecar.
•
Carr Jr. V. H. (2001). Technology Adoption and Diffusion. Retrieved November 29, 2010,
from http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/innovation/adoptiondiffusion.htm
•
Lambert, S. R., & Corrin, L. E. (1007). Moving towards a university-wide implementation
of an ePortfolio tool. Australian Journal of Educational Technology, 23(1), 1-16.
•
Reese, M. & Levy, R. (2009). Assessing the future: E-portfolio trends, uses, and options
in higher education. In EDUCAUSE Research Bulletin, Volume 2009, Issue 4.
•
Rogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of Innovations (4th edition). New York: The Free Press
•
The Telegraph. (2010). "Happy 40th birthday, the internet: 20 milestones in the net's
development". Retrived on November 29, 2010, from
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/6455139/Happy-40th-birthday-theinternet-20-milestones-in-the-nets-development.html
THANK YOU!