Please answer these questions
Chapter 39.1: Evolution of the Nervous System
1. Give examples of landmarks in evolution of invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems.
2. List the three major regions of the vertebrate brain and summarize their respective functions.
3. List the three main functions of the human nervous system.
39.2 Nervous Tissue
4. Distinguish between neurons and neuroglia.
5. Describe the structure of a neuron.
6. List the three main types of neurons based on function.
7. Explain how an action potential is generated and propagated.
8. List the components of the synapse and explain how it works.
9. Describe synaptic integration.
39.3 Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord
10. List the components of the human central nervous system (CNS) and their functions.
11. Distinguish between the RAS (reticular activating system) and the limbic system.
39.4 Peripheral Nervous System
12. List the components of the human peripheral nervous system (PNS) and their functions.
13. Differentiate between the somatic and autonomic divisions of the PNS.
14. Explain how a reflex arc works.
15. Differentiate between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic system.
Science Focus: Drugs of Abuse
16. Summarize how alcohol, nicotine, club and date rape drugs, cocaine, heroin, and marijuana affect the nervous
system.
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Chapter 34.1 Transport in Invertebrates
1. Give examples of invertebrates that do not have a circulatory system and explain.
2. Give examples of invertebrates that have an open circulatory system and contrast and open system with a closed
system.
34.2 Transport in Vertebrates
3. Show how structure of arteries, capillaries, and veins suits their function.
4. Compare the circulatory circuits in vertebrates.
34.3 Transport in Humans
5. Describe the anatomy of the heart including its attached blood vessels.
6. Describe the heartbeat, and relate it to the cardiac cycle.
7. Trace the path of blood in the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
8. Compare the velocity of blood and blood pressure in arteries, capillaries, and veins.
9. Explain the movement of blood in veins.
10. Relate the occurrence of hypertension to heart attack and stroke.
34.5 Blood, a Transport Medium
11. List and discuss six functions of blood.
12. Describe the composition of plasma and the structure and function of the formed elements.
13. Describe blood clotting as a series of three main steps.
14. Describe capillary exchange in the tissues.
15. Explain who can give blood to whom, utilizing the ABO system and the Rh system.
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Chapter 32.1: Evolution of Primates
1. Describe the trends in the evolution of primate characteristics.
2. Outline the sequence of primate evolution.
32.2 Evolution of Humanlike Hominins
3. Discuss the adaptations of the human skeleton for standing.
4. List examples of the earliest humanlike Hominins.
5. Trace the evolution of the modern humans from the early Hominins.
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32.3 Evolution of Later Hominins
6. Compare and contrast the two types of australopiths.
7. Explain the significance of the "Lucy" and "Salem" fossils.
32.4 Evolution of Early Homo
8. Distinguish members of the genus Homo from other Hominins.
9. List the different species within the genus Homo and place them in the context of the evolution of modern
humans.
10. Explain why it is hypothesized that a prolonged development of the hominin brain led to the evolution of modern
humans.
11. Discuss the importance of the biocultural evolution in early Homo species.
32.5 Evolution of Later Homo
12. Show why the "replacement model" is the most widely accepted hypothesis for the evolution of modern humans
from archaic humans.
13. Describe Neandertals.
14. List the characteristics of Cro-Magnons.
15. Explain the variations in today's humans.
16. Outline the evidence supporting a recent common ance
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