Theriak algorithm
Theriak algorithm (etymology)
Theriak. Berühmtestes aus zahlreichen Bestandteilen (u.a.
Opium) zusammengesetztes Universalheilmittel, das nahezu
zweitausend Jahre lang in Gebrauch war, heute jedoch
bedeutungslos geworden ist. Die bekannteste der durch Galenos
überlieferten u. in ihrem Ursprung auf das sog. Mithridatium
zurückgehenden Vorschriften zur T.-Herst. Stammt von
Andromachos d.Ä. (Einem der Leibärzte Kaiser Neros). Dieser
fügte seiner aus insgesamt 64 Ingredienzien bestehenden
Latwerge erstmals das hierfür charakterist. Schlangenfleisch
hinzu u. gilt somit als der eigentliche Erfinder der zunächst als
Antidot - gegen jedwelche Vergiftung, bes. Gegen den Biss
giftiger Tiere - verwendeten Arzneizubereitung (daher auch der
Name von griech.: ther = wildes Tier).
…
aus: Römpps: Chemie-Lexikon
Theriak algorithm (etymology)
Theriac was an ancient multi-ingredient preparation; originating
as a cure for the bites of serpents, mad dogs and wild beasts, it
later became an antidote to all known poisons. The name theriac
... was derived from the Greek for wild beast - theriakos. The
first formula was created by Mithridates Vl, King of Pontus ...
In the 1st century AD, Nero's personal physician Andromachus
improved the formula of Antidotum Mithridatium by adding
flesh of vipers, which was commonly believed to be the best
antidote against snakebite, and by increasing the proportion of
opium. It became known as Theriac of Andromachus, and
contained 64 ingredients including various minerals, herbals,
poisons and animal flesh and blood, all combined with honey in
the form of electuarium. Later it became the cure-all medicine
which, accumulating all the simples into one form, was supposed
to be a universal panacea against all diseases.
http://www.curehunter.com/public/pubmed15125416.do
Theriak algorithm (etymology)
La préparation des
vipères pour la
Composition de la
Thériaque.
Illustration du
Hortus Sanitatis,
Strassburg, 1586.
Theriak algorithm (etymology)
This terracotta drug jar, one of a
pair, was made to contain a specific
preparation: theriaca Andromachi.
The preparation was named for
Andromachus, shown seated on the
lid clasping a drug jar against his
thigh, who was the court physician
for the Roman Emperor Nero.
Commanded by Nero to improve on
an existing antidote for poison,
Andromachus removed some
ingredients and added others, the
most important of which was vipers’
flesh. The relief on the back of the
jar shows Andromachus in the act of
cutting up some vipers, while being
observed by a group of doctors, all
wearing tall hats. The relief on the
front shows the doctor presenting
his new drug to the Emperor.
Theriak algorithm (etymology)
The 56 ingredients of the theriaque
Root of acora (antiseptic,tonic) 30g
Giger race (stimulant, stomachique) 60g
Ginger race (stimulant, stomachic) 60g
Root of iris (emetic) 60g
Root of cinquefoil (astringent) 30g
Root of rhapontic (purgative) 30g
Root of valerian (antispasmodic) 30g
Root of meum (stimulant, diuretic) 20g
Root of gentian (stomachic, febrifuge) 20g
Root of aristolochae clematis (for rhumatism and gout) 10g
Root of cabaret (purgative, emetic) 10g
Wood of aloe (purgative, emmenagogue) 10g
Schoenanthe (for ulcer) 10g
Bark of cinnamon (excitant, stimulant, antispasmodic) 100g
Bark of lemon (antiseptic, astringent) 60g
Dryed Scilla sèche (cardiotonic, diuretic) 60g
Heads of scordium (bitter, tonic) 60g
Heads of marruba (febrifuge) 30g
Heads of calament (stomachic, tonic) 30g
Heads of chamoedrys (excitant, bitter and tonic) 20g
Heads of chamoepitys (for bites of scorpion) 20g
Heads of pennyroyal (excitant, nervin) 30g
Dictame of Crete (excitant, emmenagogue) 30g
Foils of daphne (febrifuge) 30g
Centaury (tonic, stomachic, febrifuge) 10g
Hypericum (woundwort, hemoptysic, anti-asthmatic, anti-hysteric) 20g
Stoechas (stimulant) 30g
Red roses (astringent) 60g
Saffron (excitant, stomachic, emmenagogue) 40g
Semin. of ammi (carminative, diuretic) 20g
Semin. of anise (carminative) 20g
Semin. of fennel (carminative, diuretic) 20g
Semin. of Daucus of Crete (excitant, diuretic) 20g
Semin. of Seseli (excitant) 20g
Semin. of parsley (carminative, emmenagogue) 30g
Cardamome minor (stomachic, stimulant) 80g
Black pepper (aphrodisiac, heating) 60g
Long pepper (aphrodisiac, heating) 120g
Sem. of ers (resolutive) 200g
Semin. of turnip (pectoral, resolutive) 60g
White agaric (purgative, drastic, antisudoral) 60g
Castoreum(content of a glandular sac of Castor Fiber: stimulant, anti-hysteric, antispasmodic) 10g
Opium of Smyrne (sedative, narcotic, antidhiarreic) 120g
Suc of liquorice (digestive, diuretic) 60g
Suc of cachou (emmenagogue, hemostatic, intestinal astringent) 40g
Arabic gum (pectoral, sweeting) 20g
Galbanum (stimulant, antispasmodic) 30g
Myrrha (resin gum : antispasmodique, emmenagogue) 10g
Oliban (antirhumatismic) 30g
Benzoin (excitant, balsamic) 20g
Opoponax (antispasmodic, expectorant) 10g
Bitum of Judea (sedative, stimulant of the nervous system) 10g
Sigillated glaze (hemostatic, astringent) 20g
Dryed sulfate of iron (astringent) 20g
Terebenthin of Chio (arise secretions) 50g
White honey (laxative, emollient, refreshing) 3500g
Wine of Grenache , 16° d'alcool 250g
Opium 120g
The relief on the back of the jar depicts
the doctor Andromachus cutting up
some vipers as a group of doctors watch.
Theriak algorithm
Theriak algorithm
minimize:
N
min= ∑ nj · j
tot
∆G
j=1
nj = number of moles of species (Endmembers) j
j = chemical potential of species (Endmembers) j
minimize:
tot
∆G
N
= ∑ nk · k
k=1
nk = number of moles of phase k
k = molar Gibbs Free Energy of phase k
Theriak algorithm
A0.25B0.75
0.75
nA
There's always an easy solution to every human problem -- neat, plausible, and wrong. (Henry Louis Mencken)
Theriak algorithm
Theriak algorithm
Theriak algorithm
Theriak algorithm
A
B
C
F
Gf
H
0.0
D
G
E
0.5
X
1.0
Theriak algorithm
non-solution phases
A
B
C
F
Gf
H
D
G
E
composition
0.0
0.5
X
1.0
Theriak algorithm
non-solution phases
A
B
C
F
Gibbs free energy
Gf
H
D
G
E
composition
0.0
0.5
X
1.0
Theriak algorithm
non-solution phases
A
B
C
F
Gf
H
D
G
E
Bulk composition
0.0
0.5
X
1.0
Theriak algorithm
non-solution phases
A
B
C
F
Gf
H
D
G
E
Bulk composition
0.0
0.5
X
However beautiful the strategy, you should occasionally look at the results. (Sir Winston Churchill)
1.0
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Loop 1
A1
Considered phases: endmembers
Find minimum Gf assemblage
B1
A2
Gf
B2
Bulk composition
0.0
X
1.0
step00
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Loop 1
A1
B1
A2
B2
Gf
0.0
X
1.0
step02
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Loop 1
A1
B1
A2
B2
Gf
0.0
X
1.0
step04
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Loop 1
A1
A2
B1
B2
Gf
0.0
X
1.0
step06
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Loop 1
A1
A2
B2
B1
Gf
0.0
X
1.0
step07
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Loop 2
A1
A2
B2
B1
Gf
0.0
X
1.0
step07
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Loop 2
A1
A2
B2
B1
Gf
0.0
X
1.0
step08
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Loop 2
A1
A2
B2
B1
Gf
0.0
X
1.0
step09
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Loop 2
A1
A2
B2
B1
Gf
0.0
X
1.0
step10
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Loop 2
A1
A2
B2
B1
Gf
0.0
X
Don't worry about people stealing your ideas. If your ideas are any good, you'll have to ram them down people's throats. (Howard Aiken)
1.0
step11
Theriak algorithm
solution phases
Loop 3
A1
A2
B2
B1
etc. etc. etc. ...
Gf
0.0
X
Don't worry about people stealing your ideas. If your ideas are any good, you'll have to ram them down people's throats. (Howard Aiken)
1.0
step11