NNDC Databases and Services
Jagdish Tuli*
National Nuclear Data Center
Brookhaven National Laboratory
*Email: Tuli@bnl.gov
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Brookhaven Science Associates
USNDP Web & Database Services
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Some NNDC Databases and
Services
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ENSDF
XUNDL
NSR
QCalc (a useful tool)
NuDat
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Nuclear Structure Evaluation
Publications
Research
Groups
Journal Articles
NSR
ENSDF
Nuclear Science
References
Evaluated Nuclear
Structure Data File
Indexing and
key-wording
Recommended
Level Energies,
Jp, half-lives,
decay modes .
Proceedings
Reports
Private
Communications
Thesis
XUNDL
Raw data
Gamma energy,
intensity,
multipolarity,
mixing ratio,
CC, etc.
Applications
Education
Jag Tuli
Nuclear Medicine
Space Radiation
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Other
Libraries
Other
Publications
Modeling
MNCP
GEANT
ENSDF
ENSDF - www.nndc.bnl.gov/ensdf
Contents: Evaluated nuclear structure and decay data for all
known (>3000 ) nuclei, organized into over 294 mass chains
Decay data
+ +

-n
etc.
Jag Tuli
ENSDF
Reaction data
(HI,xn)
(p,p')
(n,), (n,xn)
Coulomb Exc.
(,'), (,xn)
(d,p), etc.
Adopted data
best values
Levels:
E, Jp, T1/2, , Q,
configurations
Gammas:
E, BR, M, , ICC
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Level Properties
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Spin-parity
Half-life
Angular momentum transfer
Spectroscopic factor
Decay branching
Static moments
Shell-model or single-particle configuration
Experiments in which level is seen
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Radiation Properties
• Placement in level scheme
• Energy
• Intensity –relative and absolute
• Multipolarity and mixing ratios
• Total internal conversion coefficients (theory)
• Logft values/ hindrance factors
• Reduced transition probability in W.u.
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
ENSDF
Special (horizontal) evaluations that are needed by
the nuclear structure community, e.g., logft
values, α- and p-decay properties, SD and
magnetic rotation bands, nuclear isomers,
properties of nuclei far from the line of stability,
heavy and super-heavy nuclei, etc.
Evaluation of decay data for nuclides that are
important to various applications, e.g., in reactor
calculations, homeland security, medicine,
detector calibrations, nuclear waste, etc.
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
ENSDF: Major Data Sources and Derivatives
Contributing
Databases:
Atomic Masses
Nuclear Science
References (NSR)
(Wapstra & Audi)
MC Codes
 MCNPX
 GEANT
ENSDF
IE
NuDat2
ORTEC & CANBERRA
Derivative
Databases:
NUBASE
MIRD
RIPL
JANIS
RADWARE
Derivative
Publications:
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
…
NSR Nuclear Science References
www.nndc.bnl.gov/nsr
NSR (Nuclear Science References) is a bibliographic database containing
nearly 200,000 nuclear science articles, indexed according to content.
About 4,000 are added each year covering 80 journals as well as
conference proceedings, laboratory reports, thesis and private
communications. Each article included in NSR is read and assigned a
number of variables that succinctly described its content.
These
variables, also known as keywords, are then incorporated in a database.
One unique feature of NSR is the ability to selectively retrieve articles out
of a vast number, satisfying a particular set of conditions. Articles can be
retrieved according to: first author, author, nuclide, reaction, target,
measured quantity, publication year, type of publication (primary or
secondary), journal, topics, etc.
NSR management resides at the NNDC, Manojeet Bhattacharya,
nsr@bnl.gov. Contributions mainly from the NNDC and IAEA-NDS. All
programming work done by Dave Winchell, formerly at the NNDC.
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
NSR Key Numbers
These are 9-character long strings. The first four identify the publication
year, the following two are usually the first two letters of the first author’s
last name, for instance, SM for Smith. If the last two characters are
numeric, the article corresponds to a primary entry. If they are not, it is
a secondary entry. NSR key numbers are assigned by the NSR
database manager and are unique to each article.
NSR Keywords
They briefly describe the article’s content. They follow a firm set of
guidelines and they strongly increase NSR search abilities.
The DOI, or Data Object Identifier, contains the link to the article.
Typically, the abstract and references can be viewed for free. The
whole article, in PDF format, can be accessed if you have a paid
subscription to the journal.
Some articles contain experimental information, which can be stored in
the XUNDL database (eXperimental Unevaluated Nuclear Data List).
The data is stored in the ENSDF format.
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
The “Measured” fields are of enormous help to perform ENSDF
evaluations. For instance:
o Selecting G-SPECTRA will allow to search for articles reporting
measured gamma ray spectra, a field that has been dominant in nuclear
structure research in the last 30 years.
o The most common decay modes are Electron Capture (EC), Positron
Emission (B+), Beta minus (B-), Isomeric Transition (IT), Alpha (A),
Spontaneous Fission (SF) and Proton emission (P). By selecting on ADECAY, we will retrieve articles dealing with alpha-decay, etc.
o The study of nuclear levels at high values of angular momentum is
covered by selecting HIGH-SPN.
o Articles dealing with shape parameters can be retrieved by selecting
DEFORMATION.
o Selecting DIPOLE/QUADRUPOLE will retrieve articles reporting
magnetic dipole moments/electric quadrupole moments.
Warning: Do not trust NSR blindly! Some of the “Measured”
fields may be more restrictive than what you think.
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Q-calc
www.nndc.bnl.gov/qcalc
Nuclear reaction and decay Q-values can be calculated using the QCalc tool, which uses the 2003 atomic mass evaluation of Audi et al.,
G.Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, Nucl. Phys. A729, 337 (2003).
For a nucleus with Z protons, N neutrons and mass M(Z,N), the most
common decay Q-values are:
Electron
capture
+
Alpha
Jag Tuli
emission
Q(-)=M(Z,N)-M(Z+1,N1)
Q(EC)=M(Z,N)-M(Z1,N+1)
The neutron and
proton separation
energies are
defined as:
S(p)=-Q(p)
S(n)=-Q(n)
Q(+)=M(Z,N)-M(Z1,N+1)– 2Me
Q()=M(Z,N)-M(Z-2,NVienna Nov 10-11, 2008
2)-M(2,2)
In ENSDF evaluation, most
of the time we are interested
in decay Q-values, which can
be obtained by simply giving
the nucleus of interest
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
NuDat
www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2
NuDat is a web application a) to present nuclear structure and decay
information from ENSDF in a user-friendly way, and b) to allow users
to execute complex search operations in the wealth of data contained
in ENSDF.
NuDat provides an interactive chart of nuclides for
navigation. NuDat contents are updated regularly as evaluations are
revised in ENSDF.
NuDat for the web was developed by Alejandro Sonzogni,
Sonzogni@bnl.gov, of the National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC),
Brookhaven National Laboratory.
The slides presented here are courtesy of Alejandro Sonzogni.
More on www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/help
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
NuDat front page
Search forms
Navigation Controls
Help
Chart, active area
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
NuDat chart
Same if typing 132sn
and clicking go
Clicking on 132Sn
Basic info + links
to more details
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
NuDat chart
Jag Tuli
Changing the zoom value
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
NuDat chart
Jag Tuli
Decay Mode colors
Standard uncertainties
style
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Levels Search
Search for first 2+ states in N=86 Nuclides
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Results
Tool for systematic studies
For more search examples,
see Help file
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Decay Search
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Results
Where are the
electrons coming from?
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008
Jag Tuli
Vienna Nov 10-11, 2008