IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER
DCN: 21-07-0360-00-0000
Title: IEEE 802.21 – DVB Integration
Date Submitted: November, 2007
Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #23 in Atlanta
Authors or Source(s):
Burak Simsek (Fraunhofer Institute)
Jens Mödeker (Fraunhofer Institute)
Teodor Buburuzan (Technical University of Braunschweig)
Michael Grigat (Deutsche Telekom)
Patrick Stupar (NEC)
Peter Pogrzeba (Deutsche Telekom)
Michelle Wetterwald (Eurecom)
Andreas Sieber (IRT)
Abstract: This presentation recommends an extension to the IEEE 802.21
standard for including DVB technologies.
21-07-0360-00-0000
1/18
DAIDALOS
IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements
This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.21 Working Group. It is
offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing
individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to
change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s)
the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate
material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the
creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name
any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this
contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in
whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also
acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE
802.21.
The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as stated
outlined
in in
Section
Section
6 of
6.3the
of
the IEEE-SA
IEEE-SA
Standards
Standards
Board
Board
bylaws
Operations Manual
<http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3> and
<http://standards.ieee.org/guides/bylaws/sect6-7.html#6>
and in
in
Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development
http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/guide.html>
http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/faq.pdf>
21-07-0360-00-0000
2/18
DAIDALOS
Outline
 DVB
Summary
 DVB-H
 Survey
Results on DVB-H
 Hybrid
Networks
 Why
integrate DVB into IEEE 802.21
 How
to Integrate
 Conclusion
21-07-0360-00-0000
3/18
DAIDALOS
Digital Video Broadcasting
DVB




Initiated in 1991 for digital TV
More than 260 broadcasters, manufacturers, network operators in over
35 countries
Currently more than 150 million DVB receivers are in use
Traditional broadcasting (TV Channels) over different media types
• DVB-C (able)
• DVB-S (atellite)
• DVB-T (errestrial)

DVB-H is based on DVB-T standard but designed for small,
portable devices like Mobile Phones.
• Optimized reception in mobile environments through new
modulation and error correction mechanisms (better signal quality)
• By the use of time-slices is perfect suited for small, batterypowered devices
21-07-0360-00-0000
4/18
DAIDALOS
DVB-H
DVB
Transmitter
1- Up to 40 km coverage
2- Around 40 channels with 300kbps
4- Supported by over 60
manufacturers
3- Unlimited
number of receivers
21-07-0360-00-0000
5/18
DAIDALOS
DVB-H

Mobile TV with DVB-H has been tested in more
than 40 countries
• 7 countries launched commercial services
• Finland, Italy, India, Albania, Philippines, Vietnam, Nigeria
• Other countries are planning initial services for 2008
(Germany, Russia, Spain, USA, UK…)

Example United Kingdom (Arqiva - Oxford) :
• 85% satisfied customers, 72% willing to pay for the service within 12
months
• 37% of usage while commuting to and from work
• An average of 24 minutes of view per session / 4 hours per week
• Traditional TV programs more attractive than made-for-mobile content
• Customized and interactive services are demanded such as video
Blogging
21-07-0360-00-0000
6/18
DAIDALOS
IP Datacast

DVB was initially designed for Digital TV reception
• One-to-many unidirectional connections
 No Interactivity, passive TV watchers
• MPEG2 streams
 No IP, no other service

IP Datacast
• Developed by the DVB CBMS (Convergence of Broadcast and Mobile
Services ) Working Group
• Enables traditional IP based services over DVB
• Defines service enabler for broadcast services
 Purchase, Service Description, schedule and acquisition…
• Supports the integration of cellular networks as service enablers
 Return Channel
21-07-0360-00-0000
7/18
DAIDALOS
Hybrid Networks Using DVB-H
DVB
IP Datacast Service
Provider
Multicast / Broadcast Services
Return Channel
IEEE/3GPP
21-07-0360-00-0000
8/18
DAIDALOS
Convergence
World of
Telecom
World of
Broadcast
21-07-0360-00-0000
9/18
DAIDALOS
The missing part

In the following years we will dominantly witness services
using hybrid networks
•
•
•
Devices capable of UMTS, DVB-H, WLAN… are already there
For a common user interface an interactive mobile TV standard
with a media independent Java API (JSR 272) is also there
Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) Mobile Broadcast Services Enabler
Suite (BCAST)
•

Supports DVB-H, 3GPP MBMS, 3GPP2 and mobile unicast streaming systems at the
application layer
Interaction with other technologies at the network and data
link layer is missing
•
IEEE 802.21 is currently the best candidate to fill in this gap!
Different than other networks: Hybrid Networks fundamentally need
cooperation among existing technologies hence need IEEE 802.21
more than others
21-07-0360-00-0000
10/18
DAIDALOS
DVB and Handover

Intra-technology handover for DVB is already defined

Inter-technology handover reasons given in the current
draft are also true for DVB deployments
•
QoS concerns, service availability, mobility, price, power
management, network selection…
 Some handover scenarios:
• Especially in suburban and intra-urban areas handover between
DVB and UMTS/WIMAX is needed
•
•
•
Automobiles equipped with DVB - UMTS- WIMAX already being tested by
some manufacturers
Price issues might foster use of WLAN when available
In case of service unavailability on a specific DVB network
choose UMTS or Wimax
21-07-0360-00-0000
11/18
DAIDALOS
How to Integrate

IEEE 802.21 assumes bidirectional connection
• Information can be exchanged between peer MIHF entities

This is not directly possible for DVB
• Needs an uplink channel for bidirectional connection
• Communication with own MIHF is possible in all cases
• Integrate unidirectional DVB
21-07-0360-00-0000
12/18
DAIDALOS
MIH Reference Model for DVB-H

Has two parts:
• MIH related information from DVB transmitter
• MIH related information from DVB interface
Layer 3 or higher Mobility Protocol (L3MP), Handover
Policy, Transport, Applications
MIH-SAP
Media Independent
Handover Function (MIHF)
MIH Event Service
MIH Command Service
MIH Information Service
MIH-DVB-SAP
Electronic Service Guide ESG
21-07-0360-00-0000
Higher
layer
MPE
MPEG2
DVB Device Driver
Program Specific
Information/Service Information
(PSI/SI)
13/18
DAIDALOS
Integration of DVB
DVB Network
MIH Function
MIH Function
MIH
User
DVB
Interface
MIH Function
21-07-0360-00-0000
14/18
DAIDALOS
Integration approach
 A study
group should work on
• definitions of MIIS information elements for DVB
• MIES and MICS parameter mapping/definitions for DVB
• definition of MICS, MIES, MIIS interfaces between
drivers of DVB and IEEE 802.21
• recommendations for DVB driver implementations
21-07-0360-00-0000
15/18
DAIDALOS
Next Steps

Further discussions within IEEE and DVB

Formation of a study group (feasibility analysis)
• Analysis and evaluation of compatibility
 Unidirectional Connections
• Definition of parameters
• Definition of interfaces to MIES, MICS and MIIS
• Preparation of implementation recommendations
• Consider integrating bidirectional DVB-H




Definition of requirements
Definition of bidirectionality related parameters
Definition of new primitives and protocols if needed
Implementation recommendations
21-07-0360-00-0000
16/18
DAIDALOS
Relevant Studies and References
DAIDALOS
http://www.ist-daidalos.org/default.htm
1.
Ilka Miloucheva, Jens Moedeker, Dirk Hetzer, "Handover and resource management of mobile nodes with
unidirectional links", IEEE ICWMC, Guadeloupe, 2007
2.
Kornfeld, M.; May, G. “DVB-H and IP Datacast - Broadcast to Handheld Devices” IEEE Transactions on
Broadcasting, Special Issue on "Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting", vol.53, no.1, S.161-170, Invited Paper
3.
Buburuzan, T.; May, G.; Melia, T.; Mödeker, J.; Wetterwald, M.“Integration of Broadcast Technologies with
Heterogeneous Networks - An IEEE 802.21 Centric Approach” IEEE International Conference on Consumer
Electronics (ICCE) 2007, Las Vegas, 12.01.-14.01.2007
4.
Teodor Buburuzan, Nikos Koutsouris, Krzysztof Loziak , “An end-to-end QoS architecture for ensuring the reliable
delivery of broadband applications” IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE) 2008, Las
Vegas, 11.01.-13.01.2008
5.
Pedro A.Aranda Gutierrez, Ilka Miloucheva, and Sathya Rao, “Automated QoS policy adaptation for heterogeneous
access network environments” In Proceedings of The Second International Conference on Systems and Networks
Communications (ICSNC 2007), Cap Esterel, French Riviera, France, 2007
6.
S. Sargento, T. Melia , A. Banchs, I. Soto, J. Moedeker, L. Marchetti, "Mobility through Heterogeneous Networks in
a 4G Environment", WWRF 17, Heidelberg, 2006
7.
The Economics of Mobile Broadcast TV
http://www.mdtvalliance.org/imwp/download.asp?ContentID=10295
21-07-0360-00-0000
17/18
DAIDALOS
Conclusion

Hybrid Broadcast/Mobile Networks composed of 3GPP and IEEE
technologies have significant financial advantages for all mobile
network operators
• Initial mobile TV services using hybrid networks in different
countries have shown that customer acceptance is very high
• We will witness more and more hybrid networks in the following
years

Hybrid Networks need more cooperation among different
technologies than vertical handovers do

IEEE 802.21 is the best candidate to provide with the required
cooperation

An amendment of IEEE 802.21 supporting vertical handovers with
DVB will have high impact on offered services, hence on the market
value of hybrid networks!
21-07-0360-00-0000
18/18
DAIDALOS
Thank You!
burak.simsek@fokus.fraunhofer.de
21-07-0360-00-0000
19/18
DAIDALOS
Time Slicing
21-07-0360-00-0000
20/18
DAIDALOS
IP Datacast as a Protocol Stack
21-07-0360-00-0000
21/18
DAIDALOS
IEEE 802.21 Relevant information
Resources : PSI/SI and ESG
DVB-H
PSI/SI
Program Specific
Information (PSI) /
Service Information (SI)
ESG
Electronic Service Guide
(ESG)
ESG
application
Service
Application
21-07-0360-00-0000
22/18
DAIDALOS
PSI/SI
 Periodically
distributed tables for network and service
specific information
•
•
•
•
•
•
PAT: Program association table
PMT: Program Map Table
NIT: Network Information Table
INT: IP/MAC Notification Table
CAT: Conditional Access Table
SDT: Service Description Table
21-07-0360-00-0000
23/18
DAIDALOS
ESG XML Fragment
Describe IPDC Service (IPTV, ring tones…)
List of Services offered as a bundle
Service Bundle
0..n
Service
Acquisition
1
0..1
Purchase
Schedule Event
0..n
0..n
0..n
PurchaseChannel
0..n
Service Access
Related Information
(media, session
description, content
type, …)
0..n
Broadcast Time
Content
21-07-0360-00-0000
24/18
DAIDALOS
DVB-H Development in Nord America
 MDA : Mobile DTV Alliance
promote the adoption of Mobile TV technology via
DVB-H
Disney, HiWire, Intel, Microsoft, Modeo, Motorola,
Nokia and Texas Instruments
currently two broadcasters in North America (Modeo
and HiWire) building out mobile TV broadcast networks
based on DVB-H.
 MediaFLO
the only serious competitor
21-07-0360-00-0000
25/18
DAIDALOS
Survey Results in USA (DVB-H)

99% of users were satisfied or very satisfied (64%) with the picture clarity.

87% of users were satisfied or very satisfied (37%) with service availability

98% of users like or very much like (75%) having live TV and radio
available on their cell phone

Average viewing sessions lasted 30-35 minutes with most viewing on
weekdays;

Average number of minutes viewed per day averaged around 15 minutes.

52% of users said they watched more TV overall as a result of having the
service available to them.
21-07-0360-00-0000
26/18
DAIDALOS
Competition for Broadcast
Standard
Frequency
Range
Bandwidth
Deployment
DVB-H
470-890 MHz
8MHz
DVB-SH
2.17-2.2 GHz
8MHz
Europe, Nord America,
South Asia, Australia
Not yet deployed
T-DMB
174-240MHz
1.54MHz
S-DMB
FLO
ISDB-T
STiMi
2.63-2.655 GHz
719MHz
470-770MHz
2.6GHz
25MHz
8MHz
429kHz
21-07-0360-00-0000
South Korea, part of
Europe
South Korea
US
Japan
China
27/18
DAIDALOS
21-07-0360-00-0000
28/18
DAIDALOS
Advantages of Hybrid Networks

DVB-H network operators profit from:
•
•
•
Virtual bidirectional channel
AAA support
Enabling more services as a result of interactivity
•

Customized advertisements, Mobile TV, live polls, purchase banners,
interactive games, chat services, webcasting, file transfers…
3GPP/3GPP2, IEEE network operators profit from:
•
Market penetration with little investment
•
•
•
•
•
DVB-H supported by the EU commission as the mobile TV standard
20 billion € expected revenue in 2011 (2 million subscribers in 2006, 6 million
in 2007)
Use of existing broadcasting brands
New services as with DVB-H
Multicasting with much better quality, to a larger set of customers
with one transmitter
21-07-0360-00-0000
29/18
DAIDALOS
DVB-H service of 3 Italia since 2006

Currently more than 1 million customers
source: bmcoforum http://www.bmcoforum.org/index.php?id=62
21-07-0360-00-0000
30/18
DAIDALOS
Step 2: DVB with virtual bidirectional link
No changes needed in the standard as long as L3 is used for
interaction with peer MIHF entities
 Handover with DVB in virtual bidirectional case includes

•
•

handover of the downlink channel
handover of the uplink channel (other technologies)
Task group should define required interfaces in order to:
•
•
•
•
•
determine the need for virtual bidirectional channel
manage the choice of the uplink channel for DVB
build virtual bidirectional channel for interactive services
manage handovers of the uplink channel (stable virtual bidirectional
link)
manage changes from virtual bidirectional to bidirectional or vice
versa
21-07-0360-00-0000
31/18
DAIDALOS
Step 2: Integration of bidirectional DVB
Higher Layer
Trasport
MIH Function
MIH Function
MIH
User
MIH Function
DVB
Transport
of MIH protocol for DVB is over L3
Interface
• MIHF protocol at link layer would require changes in the standard
DVB Network
 MIHF must be aware of unidirectional interfaces

•
If no other technology with L3 connectivity exists, it is not possible to send MIH
information, although MIH relevant information can still be received over DVB
Network
21-07-0360-00-0000
32/18
DAIDALOS