Flow of Blood and Vessel
Structure and Location
By: Amena Ahmed
Teiana Campbell
Jovan Lee
Cody Moore
Kelly Popelar
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=blood+vessels&hl=en&safe=active&biw=1024&bih=6
00&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=vJnxSuf9TZHmvM:&imgrefurl=http://www.accessexcellence
.org/AE/AEC/CC/heart_anatomy.php&docid=UveeII61F3a9M&imgurl=http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEC/CC/images/vessel.gif&
w=400&h=344&ei=tEeET_zTJZKs8ATD95W2CA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=95&vpy=269&dur
=6063&hovh=208&hovw=242&tx=136&ty=147&sig=103723915018798963618&page=1&
tbnh=134&tbnw=156&start=0&ndsp=17&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:0,i:82
Major Veins and Arteries that Lead to
and from the Heart
• Left Coronary Artery- supplies blood to the left
ventricle, left atrium, and interventricular septum
• Branches into the marginal and posterior
interventricular
• Right Coronary Artery- supplies blood to the right
atrium and to portions of both ventricles
• Branches into the circumflex and anterior
interventricular
• Small tributaries from these branches of the left
and right coronary arteries form interconnections
called anastomoses
Major Veins and Arteries Continued…
• Great Cardiac and Middle Cardiac Veins carry
blood away from the coronary capillaries and
drain into the coronary sinus (a large, thinwalled vein in the posterior portion of the
coronary sulcus)
Major Veins and Arteries Found on the
Heart
• Right Coronary Artery(Marginal branch and
posterior interventricular branch)
• Anterior Cardiac Veins
• Small Cardiac Vein
• Left Coronary Artery (Circumflex branch, anterior
interventricular branch, and posterior left
ventricular)
• Great Cardiac Vein
• Middle Cardiac Vein
• Posterior Cardiac Vein
Major Veins and Arteries Found on the
Heart
•
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=veins+and+arteries+on+the+heart&hl=en&safe=active&gbv=2&biw=1024&bih=600&tbm=is
ch&tbnid=cAYwU2vQEnw4-M:&imgrefurl=http://www.centurahealthinfo.org/InDepth%2520Reports/10/000003.htm&docid=tHqRXoVHASOgQM&imgurl=http://www.centurahealthinfo.org/graphics/images/
en/1097.jpg&w=400&h=320&ei=e0uET7GnCYyk8gSgwey3CA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=191&vpy=138&dur=2531&hovh=201&hov
w=251&tx=114&ty=109&sig=103723915018798963618&page=1&tbnh=122&tbnw=153&start=0&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0,i:
69
Vein Structure and Function
• Veins carry blood to the heart
• Inferior Vena Cava (Carries blood from body
below the heart) and Superior Vena Cava
(Carries blood from body above the heart)
• Left and Right Pulmonary Veins- oxygen rich
blood drains from the lungs and is returned to
the left side of the heart through the 4
pulmonary veins (2 left, 2 right)
Vein Structure and Function
Continued…
• Right Pulmonary Vein – carry blood from the
right lung into the left atrium through the left
ventricle and out of the aorta
• Left Pulmonary Vein – carry blood from the
left lung into the left atrium through the left
ventricle and out of the aorta
Vein Structure and Function
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=vein+structure&hl=en&safe=active&gbv=2&biw=1024&bih=600&tbm=isch&tbnid=QoouXkC2Pv0Tn
M:&imgrefurl=http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/gcaplan/anat2/notes/APIINotes5%2520Circulatory%2520Anatomy.htm&docid=wC7
NEnxxSCw4YM&imgurl=http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/gcaplan/anat2/notes/0672l.jpg&w=640&h=480&ei=4UuETDpAYys8ASrnIC1CA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=88&vpy=280&dur=3672&hovh=194&hovw=259&tx=200&ty=118&sig=10372391501879896
3618&page=1&tbnh=119&tbnw=158&start=0&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:0,i:80
Capillary Function
• Only blood vessels whose walls permit exchange
between blood and the surrounding interstitial
fluid
• Capillaries do not function individually, they
function in a network called a capillary bed
• Diffuses water, small solutes, and lipid-soluble
materials into the interstitial fluid
• In some places such as the brain and kidneys,
larger proteins are able to go through the
capillaries
Capillary Function Continued
• Blood goes to venules
• Alternate routes for blood flow are formed by
anastomosis (outlet)
• Sometimes blood bypasses capillaries and
goes through arteriovenous anastomosis,
which is a arteriole connected to a venule
• If one capillary is blocked, others continue to
work and supply blood
Capillary Structure
• Capillary walls are extremely thin
• Consists of a single layer of endothelial cells inside the
membrane
• Very small diameter, so blood flow is slow
• Diameter is relatively close to that of a red blood cell
• Entrance is guarded by a precapillary sphincter which is
a band of smooth muscle
• The smooth muscle contracts and narrows the
diameter of the capillary opening, allowing the blood
to enter into the capillary
Capillary Structure
m/imgres?q=capillaries&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&sa=N&rls=com.microsoft:en-us:IESearchBox&biw=1024&bih=600&tbm=isch&tbnid=FiftVhhaE0bxbM:&imgrefurl=http://faculty.stcc.edu/AandP/AP/AP2pages/Units18to20/vessel
s/capillar.htm&docid=94xKhG3wubtoQM&imgurl=http://faculty.stcc.edu/AandP/AP/imagesAP2/bloodvessels/endothelia.jpg&w=366&h=376&e
i=sUWET9nbC4WK8QTjy62gCA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=63&sig=109636002017002052041&page=1&tbnh=127&tbnw=124&start=0&ndsp=16&ve
d=1t:429,r:7,s:0,i:84&tx=86&ty=106
Artery Structure and Function
• Carry blood away from the heart and toward a
peripheral capillary
• Within the pulmonary trunk the blood flows
into the left and right pulmonary arteries
• Arteries branch off repeatedly and gradually
decrease in size until they become arterioles
• Arterioles- the smallest vessels of the arterial
system
Artery Structure and Function
Continued…
• Types of Arteries – Elastic, muscular, and
arterioles
• Elastic- large, extremely resilient vessels with
diameters up to 2.5cm/1 in
• Example: Pulmonary and aortic trunks
• Thin walls, contain a tunica media dominated
by elastic fibers rather than smooth muscle
cells, able to absorb pressure shock
Artery Structure and Function
Continued…
• Muscular- AKA medium sized/distribution –
distribute blood to peripheral organs
• Example: Neck arteries
• The tunica media contains more smooth
muscle and fewer elastic fibers
• Arterioles- smaller than muscular arteries
• Has one of three layers of smooth muscle that
enables muscular arteries and arterioles to
change their diameter
Blood Flow Though the Body
• Superior cava- gives blood to the head chest,
upper extremities, Upper body
• Inferior Cava- gives blood to the Lower Body
• Pulmonary Circuit- a group of blood vessels that
transports blood from exchange surfaces of the
lungs
• Systematic Circuit- Blood vessels that travel
through the rest of the body
• *the systematic veins must travel through the
pulmonary system before restarting the cycle to
collect oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
Blood Flow Through the Heart
• Right Atrium- receives blood from the systematic
surface
• Right Ventricle- receives blood from the right atrium
through openings called cusps
• Tricuspid valve- Contains the cusps, pupillary muscles
on the right ventricle that limit the movement of cusps
and flow of blood
• Pulmonary Semilunar Valve- after blood flow through
the pulmonary trunk, this valve controls blood flow to
the left and right pulmonary arteries
• *oxygenated blood collects in the pulmonary veins
then delivers it to the Left Atrium
Blood Flow Through the Heart
Continued…
• Bicuspid Valve- controls blood flow in this
valve with two cusps, and tensing papillary
muscles
• Aorta- blood continues into the Aortic
Semilunar Valve then the Aorta to start the
systemic circuit
Blood Flow Through the Heart
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=blood+flow+through+the+heart+diagram&hl=en&safe=active&gbv=2&biw=1024&bih=600&tbm=isch&tbnid=S2El
gCPYmnfWTM:&imgrefurl=http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Animals/Cardiovascular_System/The_Heart&docid=0ko8BTbC
W0WCyM&imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Section_through_heart_to_show_valves_and_blood_flow.jpg&w=602&h
=454&ei=L0yET8bTGYuy8QS8gm1CA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=87&vpy=134&dur=2750&hovh=195&hovw=259&tx=133&ty=100&sig=103723915018798963618&page=1&tbnh=118&t
bnw=156&start=0&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:67