DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
Dr. A.S.K. NAIR
SCIENTIST-E2
Centre for Earth Science Studies,
Akkulam, P.B.No:7250,
Thiruvananthapuram-695 031.
askearth2004@yahoo.com.sg
Disaster Preparedness
• Pre-disaster Preparedness
• Post-disaster Preparedness
• Efficient action at all levels to save
lives
• Reduce sufferings &
• Minimize damage to property
Comprehensive Effort
• Public Education on all types of
disasters through awareness
campaigns
• Provision for issuing early warnings
• Organization of People
• Disaster Management Training &
• Emergency food stock
Natural Disaster Safety Tips
• Affects the lives of many people each
year
• Within minutes a natural disaster can
shatter a community.
• Their lives could be changed for ever.
Disaster Management
Seven Issues
a) Database
b) Logistics
c) Technological Needs
d) Self Reliance
e) Communication Infrastructure
f) Emergency Preparedness
g) Forecasting
a) Database
• On various resources, skills, & services
required for relief at short notice.
• It will have information on safety
equipments, oxygen cylinders & various
other equipments, skills and other
information required to deal with
emergency.
b) Logistics
• One of the most difficult problems to be
handled is the organization of supply
chain for relief.
• This system could not be integrated with
the GIS system so that supplies could be
tracked right upto the village.
• This needs to be done. Likewise, other
elements of logistics need to be put in
place.
c) Technological Needs
• Whole range of technical questions
regarding buildings, cutting concrete
slabs, rescue and relief emerged which
needed to be solved on the spot.
• The best practices have to be put in use.
d) Self Reliance
• The community self-reliance, lot of aid led to
excessive inventory at the household level
leading to reduced incentives for work and
self-help.
• Likewise, there were areas where communities
came together to help each other.
• The lessons of community self-help need to be
put together.
• A database of volunteers who can move at
short notice will need to be developed.
e) Communication Infrastructure
• This is a serious problem and has to be
resolved once for all.
• It will require network of ham radios, use
of All India Radio, Television Channels &
setting up help lines, etc.
• We will also have to create information
dissemination system and develop
mechanism for capacity building.
f) Emergency Preparedness
• Drills will have to be organized to keep
society prepared for dealing with such
emergencies.
• One will have to learn from the experience
of other similar drills.
g) Forecasting
• Wherever possible, disasters which can
be anticipated over time or space need to
be looked into.
• For instance, buildings erected on land fill
areas which were wetlands or low lying
areas were more likely to get damaged, as
was borne out by the recent evidence.
Disaster Preparedness
“Knowledge and Preparation”
are the keys to survival in the event of a
catastrophe.
Do you want to be prepared?
Or
Do you want to be surprised?
Make disaster preparations at home.
Survivalism is a state of mind.
The Red Cross on
Natural Disasters
• Disasters happen anytime and anywhere.
• And when disaster strikes, you may not have
much time to respond.
• A highway spill or hazardous material could
mean evacuation.
• A winter storm could confine your family
at home. An earthquake, flood, tornado, or
any other disaster could cut water,
electricity, and telephones-for days.
• After a disaster, local officials and relief
workers will be on the scene, but they
cannot reach everyone immediately.
You could get help in hours, or it may
take days.
Would your family be prepared to cope
with the emergency until help arrives?
Your family will cope best by
preparing for disaster before it
strikes.
• One way to prepare is by assembling a
Disaster Supplies Kit.
• Once disaster hits, you won't have time to
shop or search for supplies.
• But if you've gathered supplies in
advance, your family can endure an
evacuation or home confinement.
Prepare Your Kit
 Review the checklist below.
Gather the supplies that are listed. You may
need them if your family is confined at home.
 Place the supplies you'd most likely need for an
evacuation in an easy-to-carry container.
 These supplies are listed with an asterisk (*).
6 basic items to be stocked for your home
 Water
 food
 first aid supplies
 clothing and bedding
 tools and emergency supplies &
 special items.
 Keep the items that you would most likely
need during an evacuation in an easy-to
carry container.
Possible Containers Include-
A large, covered trash container,
A camping backpack,
A duffle bag.
Water
• Store water in plastic containers such as
soft drink bottles, etc.
• Avoid using containers that will
decompose or break, such as milk cartons
or glass bottles.
• A normally active person needs to drink at
least 5 Ls of water each day.
• Hot environments and intense physical
activity can double that amount.
• Children, nursing mothers, and ill people will
need more. Store 10 Ls of water per person
per day.
Keep at least a three-day supply of water per
person (30 Ls for drinking, 30 Ls for each
person in your household for food
preparation/sanitation).*
Food
• Store at least a three-day supply of nonperishable food.
• Select foods that require no refrigeration,
preparation or cooking, and little or no water.
• If you must heat food, pack a can of sterno.
• Select food items that are compact and
lightweight.
Include a selection of the following
foods in your Disaster Kit
 Supplies Kit:
Ready-to-eat canned meats, fruits, and vegetables
Canned juices
Staples (salt, sugar, pepper, spices, etc.)
High energy foods
Vitamins
Food for infants
Comfort/stress foods
First Aid Kit
 Assemble a first aid kit for your home & one for each
car.
A first aid kit should include:
• Sterile adhesive bandages in assorted sizes
• Assorted sizes of safety pins
• Cleansing agent/soap
• Latex gloves (2 pairs)
• Sunscreen
• 2-inch sterile gauze pads (4-6)
• 4-inch sterile gauze pads (4-6)
• Triangular bandages (3)
• Non-prescription drugs
• 2-inch sterile roller bandages (3 rolls)
• 3-inch sterile roller bandages (3 rolls)
• Scissors
• Needle
• Moistened towelettes
• Antiseptic
• Thermometer
• Tongue blades (2)
• Tube of petroleum jelly or other lubricant
Non-Prescription Drugs
• Aspirin or nonaspirin pain reliever
• Anti-diarrhea medication
• Antacid (for stomach upset)
• Syrup of Ipecac (use to induce vomiting if
advised by the Poison Control Center)
• Laxative
• Activated charcoal (use if advised by the
Poison Control Center)
Tools and Supplies
• Mess kits, or paper cups, plates, and plastic
utensils*
• Emergency preparedness manual*
• Battery-operated radio and extra batteries*
• Flashlight and extra batteries*
• Cash or traveler's checks, change*
• Non-electric can opener, utility knife*
• Fire extinguisher: small canister ABC type
• Tube tent
• Pliers
• Tape
• Compass
• Matches in a waterproof container
• Aluminum foil
• Plastic storage containers
• Signal flare
• Paper, pencil
• Needles, thread
• Medicine dropper
• Shut-off wrench, to turn off household gas and
water
• Whistle
• Plastic sheeting
• Map of the area (for locating shelters)
Clothing and Bedding
• *Include at least one complete change of
clothing & footwear per person
• Sturdys shoes or work boots*
Rain gear*
• Blankets or sleeping bags*
• Hat and gloves
• Thermal underwear
• Sunglasses
Special Items
• Remember family members with special requirements, such
as infants and elderly or disabled persons
For Baby*
• Formula
• Diapers
• Bottles
• Powdered milk
• Medications
For Adults*
• Heart and high blood pressure medication
• Insulin
• Prescription drugs
• Denture needs
• Contact lenses and supplies
• Extra eye glasses
Entertainment
• Games
• Books
Important Family Documents
Keep these records in a waterproof, portable
container
 Will, insurance policies, contracts deeds,
stocks and bonds
 Passports, social security cards, immunization
records
 Bank account numbers
 Credit card account numbers and companies
Inventory of valuable household goods,
important telephone numbers
Family records (birth, marriage, death
certificates)
Store your kit in a convenient place known
to all family members.
Keep a smaller version of the Disaster
Supplies Kit in the trunk of your car.
 Keep items in airtight plastic bags.
 Change your stored water supply every six
months so it stays fresh.
 Replace your stored food every six months.
 Re-think your kit and family needs at least once
a year.
 Replace batteries, update clothes, etc.
 Ask your physician or pharmacist about storing
prescription medications.
ESCAPE PLAN
• In a fire or other similar emergency,
evacuate on a moments notice.
• Develop an escape plan by drawing a floor
plan of your residence’
Show the location of doors,
windows,
stairways,
large furniture & emergency supplies;
fire extinguishers,
smoke detectors,
collapsible shutters, etc.
CAUTION……………………………!
• Are you ready for a Flood/Flash Flood?
• Are you ready for an Earthquake?
• Are you ready for a Hurricane?
• Are you ready for a Fire?