OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS System Management
Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
David J. Dachtera
djesys@fsi.net
DJE Systems
http://www.djesys.com/
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 1
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Agenda
Basic DCL Concepts
Commands
Command Procedures
Verbs
Symbols
Flow Control (IF, GOTO, GOSUB, CALL)
Useful Lexical Functions
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 2
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Agenda
Logical names
Logical name tables
Logical name table search order
Modifying the search order
Logical name types
Single Translation
Search list
“Rooted” (Concealed) logical names
Lexical Function Caveat
F$TRNLNM() differs from F$LOGICAL()
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 3
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Agenda
Logical names, cont’d
Cluster-wide logical names
Caveats
SYS$COMMON Notes
Caveats (VMS$COMMON)
Site-Specific Paths
Organizing local system management code
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 4
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Agenda
Network Topics
TCP/IP
TCP/IP Services (fka UCX)
Multinet
TCPware
CMU/IP (VAX only)
DECnet
Access control
FAL logging
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 5
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Agenda
Network Topics, cont’d
Remote procedures
Types
Security concerns
Network Alerts
OPCOM alerts for DECnet network access
OPCOM alerts for FTP network access
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 6
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Agenda
System Startup
STARTUP phases
STARTUP parameters
Site-Specific startups
Logging SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM
Node-specific startups
Saving a crash dump at start-up time
Soft-coding # of logins allowed at startup
SYSMAN and STARTUP
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 7
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Agenda
System Shutdown
SHUTDOWN parameters
SHUTDOWN$xxxx logical names
AUTOGEN Shutdowns
AGEN$SHUTDOWN_TIME logical name
Cluster Shutdown
REMOVE_NODE
Using SYSMAN
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 8
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Agenda
System/Startup File Caveats
Deprecated Lexical Functions
Lexical Function names misspelled
AUTOGEN
MODPARAMS.DAT
Reports and outputs
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 9
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Agenda
OpenVMS Management Tools
StorageWorks Command Console (SWCC)
OpenVMS Management Station
AMDS
Accessibility Manager for Distributed Systems
Availability Manager
Like AMDS, runs on MS-Windows
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 10
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Agenda
OpenVMS Security
Essentials
UICs and File/Directory Protection
Access Control Lists (ACLs)
Access Control Entries (ACEs)
Rights Identifiers and ACEs
Propagating ACEs and Default Protections
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 11
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
Basic DCL
Concepts
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 12
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Basic DCL Concepts
Command Elements
$ verb parameter_1 parameter_2
DCL commands consist of a verb and one
or more parameters.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 13
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
DCL Command Proc.’s
$ @procedure_name
Top level (or terminal) is DEPTH 0.
Each new command procedure invoked
is a new procedure DEPTH.
Maximum depth is still 32.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 14
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
DCL Command Proc.’s
Parameters
$ @procedure_name p1 p2 p3 … p8
Notes:
• Only eight(8) parameters are passed from
the command line, P1 through P8
• Parameters with embedded spaces must
be quoted strings.
• Parameters are separated by a space.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 15
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
DCL Command Proc.’s
Parameters, cont’d
$ @procedure_name p1 p2 p3 … p8
Notes, Cont’d:
• Reference parameters via the variable
names P1 through P8.
• No built-in “shift” function. If you need it,
write it as a GOSUB.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 16
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
DCL Verbs
Internal commands
ASSIGN, CALL, DEFINE, GOSUB, GOTO,
IF, RETURN, SET, STOP, others…
External commands
APPEND, BACKUP, COPY, DELETE,
PRINT, RENAME, SET, SUBMIT, others...
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 17
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
DCL Verbs, Cont’d
“Foreign” Commands
$ symbol = value
Examples:
$ DIR :== DIRECTORY/SIZE=ALL/DATE
$ ZIP :== $ZIP/VMS
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 18
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Command Qualifiers
$ command/qualifier
$ command/qualifier=value
$ command/qualifier=(value,value)
$ command/qualifier=keyword=value
$ command/qualifier=(keyword=value,keyword=(value,value))
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 19
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Non-positional Qualifiers
Apply to the entire command, no matter
where they appear.
$ command param1/qual param2
Example:
$ COPY A.DAT A.NEW/LOG
$ DELETE/LOG C.TMP;
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 20
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Positional Qualifiers
Apply only to the object they qualify.
$ command param1/qual=value1 param2/qual=value2
Examples:
$ PRINT/COPIES=2 RPT1.LIS, RPT2.LIS
$ PRINT RPT1.LIS/COPIES=1,RPT2.LIS/COPIES=3
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 21
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Common Qualifiers
Many commands support a set of
common qualifiers:
/BACKUP /BEFORE /CREATED
/EXCLUDE /EXPIRED /INCLUDE
/MODIFIED /OUTPUT /PAGE /SINCE
See the on-line HELP for specifics.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 22
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
DCL Statement Elements
$ vbl = value
DCL statements are typically
assignments where a variable receives
a value.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 23
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Assignment Statements
$ vbl = F$lexical_function( params )
Examples:
$ FSP = F$SEARCH(“*.TXT”)
$ DFLT = F$ENVIRONMENT (“DEFAULT”)
$ NODE = F$GETSYI(“NODENAME”)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 24
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Assignment Statements
$ vbl = string_expression
Examples:
$ A = “String 1 “ + “String 2”
$ B = A - “String “ - “String “
$ C = ‘A’
Maximum string length
255 bytes (<=V7.3)
4096 bytes (>=V7.3-1)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 25
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Assignment Statements
$ vbl = numeric_expression
Examples:
$A=1
$ B = A +1
$ C = B + A + %X7F25
$ D = %O3776
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 26
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Assignment Statements
$ vbl[start_bit,bit_count]=numeric_exp
Examples:
$ ESC[0,8]=%X1B
$ CR[0,8]=13
$ LF[0,8]=10
$ FF[0,8]=12
$ CRLF[0,8]=13
$ CRLF[8,8]=10
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 27
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Assignment Statements
$ ESC[0,8]=%X1B
$ SHOW SYMBOL ESC
ESC = "."
$ CR[0,8]=13
$ SHOW SYMBOL CR
CR = "."
$ LF[0,8]=10
$ SHOW SYMBOL LF
LF = "."
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 28
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Assignment Statements
$ FF[0,8]=12
$ SHOW SYMBOL FF
FF = "."
$ CRLF[0,8]=13
$ SHOW SYMBOL CRLF
CRLF = "."
$ CRLF[8,8]=10
$ SHOW SYMBOL CRLF
CRLF = ".."
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 29
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Assignment Statements
DCL provides for substring replacement.
$ A := abcde
$ SHOW SYMBOL A
“ABCDE”
$ A[3,2]:=XX
$ SHOW SYMBOL A
“ABCXX”
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 30
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Assignment Statements
$ vbl = boolean_expression
Examples:
$ MANIA = (“TRUE” .EQS. “FALSE”)
$ TRUE = (1 .EQ. 1)
$ FALSE = (1 .EQ. 0)
$ YES = 1
$ NO = 0
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 31
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Assignment Statements
Local Assignment:
$ vbl = value
Global Assignment:
$ vbl == value
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 32
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Assignment Statements
Quoted String:
$ vbl = “quoted string”
Case is preserved.
Examples:
$ PROMPT = “Press RETURN to continue “
$ INVRSP = “% Invalid response!”
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 33
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Assignment Statements
Unquoted string:
$ vbl := unquoted string
Case is NOT preserved, becomes
uppercase. Leading/trailing spaces are
trimmed off.
Examples:
$ SAY := Write Sys$Output
$ SYSMAN :== $SYSMAN ! Comment
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 34
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Foreign Commands
$ vbl := $filespec[ param[ param[ …]]]
“filespec” defaults to SYS$SYSTEM:.EXE
Maximum string length:
510 bytes (<=V7.3)
4096 bytes (>=V7.3-1)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 35
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Symbol Scope
SET SYMBOL/SCOPE=
NOLOCAL
All “outer” level local symbols are “invisible”
LOCAL
Undoes NOLOCAL
NOGLOBAL
All “outer” level global symbols are “invisible”
GLOBAL
Undoes NOGLOBAL
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 36
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Symbol Scope
SET SYMBOL/GENERAL/SCOPE=xxxx
Specifies that the values of the /SCOPE
qualifier pertain to the translation of all
symbols except the first token on a
command line.
/GENERAL is incompatible with /ALL or
/VERB.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 37
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Symbol Scope
SET SYMBOL/VERB/SCOPE=xxxx
Specifies that the values of the /SCOPE
qualifier pertain to the translation of the
first token on a command line as a
symbol before processing only. It does
not affect general symbol substitution.
/VERB is incompatible with /ALL or
/GENERAL.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 38
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Symbol Scope
SET SYMBOL/ALL/SCOPE=xxxx
Specifies that the values of the /SCOPE
qualifier pertain both to the translation of
the first token on a command line and to
general symbol substitution.
/ALL is incompatible with /GENERAL or
/VERB.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 39
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition THEN statement
Variations:
$ IF condition THEN $ statement
$ IF condition THEN $ statement
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 40
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition
$ THEN
$
statement(s)
$ ENDIF
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 41
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition
$ THEN
$
IF condition
$
THEN
$
statement(s)
$
ENDIF
$ ENDIF
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 42
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition
$ THEN
$
IF condition
$
THEN
$
statement(s)
$
ENDIF
$
statement(s)
$ ENDIF
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 43
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition
$ THEN statement(s)
$
IF condition
$
THEN
$
statement(s)
$
ENDIF
$ ENDIF
This may not work in pre-V6 VMS!
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 44
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition
$ THEN
$
statement(s)
$ ELSE
$
statement(s)
$ ENDIF
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 45
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Labels, GOTO
$ GOTO label_1
.
.
.
$label_1:
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 46
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
GOSUB, RETURN
$ GOSUB label_1
.
.
.
$label_1:
$ statement(s)
$ RETURN
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 47
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
GOSUB, RETURN
Emulate UN*X/DOS shell SHIFT:
$SHIFT:
$ P1 = P2
$ P2 = P3
$ P3 = P4
$ P4 = P5
$ P5 = P6
$ P6 = P7
$ P7 = P8
$ P8 = ""
$ RETURN
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 48
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
SUBROUTINE - ENDSUB...
$ CALL label_1[ param[ param[ …]]
.
.
.
$label_1: SUBROUTINE
$ statement(s)
$ END SUBROUTINE
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 49
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Lexical Functions
Functions built into the DCL Lexicon
F$CONTEXT F$CSID F$CVSI F$CVTIME
F$CVUI F$DEVICE F$DIRECTORY
F$EDIT F$ELEMENT F$ENVIRONMENT
F$EXTRACT F$FAO
F$FILE_ATTRIBUTES F$GETDVI
F$GETJPI F$GETQUI F$GETSYI
F$IDENTIFIER
F$INTEGER F$LENGTH
F$LOCATE F$MESSAGE F$MODE
F$PARSE F$PID
F$PRIVILEGE
F$PROCESS F$SEARCH F$SETPRV
F$STRING F$TIME F$TRNLNM F$TYPE
F$USER F$VERIFY
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 50
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Common Lexical Functions
$ vbl = F$CVTIME(string[, keyword[, keyword]])
“string” = Absolute time expression
“keyword” = (1st instance) is one of
“ABSOLUTE”, “COMPARISION”, “DELTA”
“keyword” = (2nd instance) is one of “DATE”,
“DATETIME”, “DAY”, “MONTH”, “YEAR”,
“HOUR”, “MINUTE”, “SECOND”,
“HUNDREDTH”, “WEEKDAY”
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 51
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Common Lexical Functions
F$CVTIME(), Continued…
Defaults:
$ vbl = F$CVTIME(string, ”COMPARISON”, ”DATETIME” )
Pre-defined date strings:
TODAY, YESTERDAY, TOMORROW,
BOOT
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 52
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Common Lexical Functions
F$CVTIME(), Continued…
Date Formats:
Comparison
YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.CC
Absolute
DD-MMM-YYYY HH:MM:SS.CC
Delta
+/-DDDDD HH:MM:SS.CC
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 53
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Common Lexical Functions
$ vbl = F$GETDVI( dev_name, keyword )
“dev_name” is a valid device name
“keyword” is a quoted string
Examples:
$ FBLK = F$GETDVI( “DUA0”,”FREEBLOCKS”)
$ MNTD = F$GETDVI( “DKA500”,”MNT”)
$ DVNM := DUA0:
$ VLNM := VOLNAM
$ VNAM = F$GETDVI( DVNM, VLNM )
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 54
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Common Lexical Functions
$ vbl = F$QETQUI( function,item,value,keyword(s))
See the on-line help for descriptions.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 55
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Common Lexical Functions
$ VBL = F$GETJPI( pid, keyword )
Examples:
$ USN = F$GETJPI( 0, “USERNAME” )
$ MOD = F$GETJPI( 0, “MODE” )
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 56
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Common Lexical Functions
$ vbl = F$GETSYI( item[, node[, csid]] )
Examples:
$ NODE = F$GETSYI( “NODENAME” )
$ FGP = F$GETSYI( “FREE_GBLPAGES” )
$ FGS = F$GETSYI( “FREE_GBLSECTS” )
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 57
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Common Lexical Functions
$ vbl = F$ELEMENT( idx, delim, string )
Find the nth (delim) delimited element of a
string.
Examples:
$ A = F$ELEM( 2, “,”, “A,B,C,D,E,F” )
$ B = F$ELEM( 1, “ ”, “Turn it off” )
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 58
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS
Logical Names
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 59
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
A form of symbol with limited or system-wide
scope.
$ show logical sys$sysroot
"SYS$SYSROOT" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.]" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
= "SYS$COMMON:"
1 "SYS$COMMON" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.SYSCOMMON.]"
(LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 60
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Name Tables
LNM$SYSTEM_DIRECTORY
LNM$JOB_xxxxxxxx
LNM$GROUP_xxxxxx
LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE
DECW$LOGICAL_NAMES
LNM$PROCESS_DIRECTORY
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 61
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Name Tables
Search Order:
$ sh log/tab=* lnm$file_dev
"LNM$FILE_DEV" = "LNM$PROCESS"
(LNM$SYSTEM_DIRECTORY)
= "LNM$JOB"
= "LNM$GROUP"
= "LNM$SYSTEM"
= "DECW$LOGICAL_NAMES"
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 62
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Name Tables
Modifying the search order:
$ DEFINE/TABLE=LNM$PROCESS_DIRECTORY LNM$FILE_DEV LNM$PROCESS,LNM_PRIVATE,LNM$GROUP,LNM$SYSTEM,DECW$LOGICAL_NAMES
 Defines a new search list in supervisor mode.
» Some software will only use “trusted” logical names in
certain directories or those DEFINEd in an “inner’ (more
privileged) mode.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 63
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
Single translation
$ DEFINE lnm value
Search List
$ DEFINE lnm value,value[,…]
Concealed Logical Names
$ DEFINE lnm value/TRANS=CONCEAL
Rooted Logical Names
$ DEFINE lnm ddcu:[dir.]/TRANS=CONCEAL
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 64
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
Creating
$ DEFINE lnm value
$ ASSIGN value lnm
Deleting
$ DEASSIGN lnm
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 65
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
Access Modes
User
Supervisor
Executive
Kernel
DEFINE/USER
DEFINE (/SUPER is default)
DEFINE/EXECUTIVE,
requires CMEXEC privilege.
Can only be created by using
the $CRELNM system service,
requires CMKRNL privilege.
Executive and Kernel mode logical names are
“trusted” since privilege is required to create them.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 66
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
Single Translation
$ DEFINE lnm value
Examples:
"LNM$PROCESS" = "LNM$PROCESS_TABLE"
(LNM$PROCESS_DIRECTORY)
"LNM$JOB" = "LNM$JOB_80D27B00" (LNM$PROCESS_DIRECTORY)
"LNM$GROUP" = "LNM$GROUP_000030"
(LNM$PROCESS_DIRECTORY)
"LNM$SYSTEM" = "LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE"
(LNM$SYSTEM_DIRECTORY)
“SYS$LOGIN" = "DKA0:[DDACHTERA]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 67
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
Search Lists
$ DEFINE lnm value,value[,…]
Examples:
$ sh log sys$sysroot
"SYS$SYSROOT" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.]" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
= "SYS$COMMON:"
1 "SYS$COMMON" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.SYSCOMMON.]"
(LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
$ sh log user_exe
! Presenter’s environment, not provided by VMS.
"USER_EXE" = "USER_IMG:" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
= "USER_COM:"
= "SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE]"
= "SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]"
1 "USER_IMG" = "USER_ROOT:[EXE.ALPHA]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
1 "USER_COM" = "USER_ROOT:[EXE]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 68
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
Concealed Logical Names
$ DEFINE lnm value/TRANS=CONCEAL
Example:
$ sh log sys$sysdevice
"SYS$SYSDEVICE" = "DJAS01$DKA300:" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
$ sh log sys$sysdevice/full
"SYS$SYSDEVICE" [exec] = "DJAS01$DKA300:" [concealed,terminal]
(LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 69
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
“Rooted” Logical Names
$ DEFINE lnm ddcu:[dir.]/TRANS=CONCEAL
Examples:
$ show logical sys$specific,sys$common,user_root
"SYS$SPECIFIC" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.]" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
"SYS$COMMON" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.SYSCOMMON.]"
(LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
"USER_ROOT" = "DKA0:[DDACHTERA.]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 70
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
Using rooted logical names
Examples:
$ show logical sys$sysroot,user_root,user_com,user_img
"SYS$SYSROOT" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.]"
(LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
= "SYS$COMMON:"
1 "SYS$COMMON" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.SYSCOMMON.]"
(LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
"USER_ROOT" = "DKA0:[DDACHTERA.]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
"USER_COM" = "USER_ROOT:[EXE]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
"USER_IMG" = "USER_ROOT:[EXE.ALPHA]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 71
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names & Lexicals
Beware:
F$LOGICAL() (deprecated) differs from
F$TRNLNM().
F$LOGICAL() uses hard-coded search
list internally: Process, Job, Group,
System.
F$TRNLNM() uses LNM$FILE_DEV
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 72
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Cluster-Wide Logical Names

New in V7.2.

Defined in table LNM$SYSCLUSTER

LNM$SYSTEM is now a search list:
$ show log/tab=* lnm$system
"LNM$SYSTEM" = "LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE" (LNM$SYSTEM_DIRECTORY)
= "LNM$SYSCLUSTER"
1 "LNM$SYSCLUSTER" = "LNM$SYSCLUSTER_TABLE"
(LNM$SYSTEM_DIRECTORY)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 73
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Cluster-Wide Logical Names
Caveat:
 There is no /CLUSTER qualifier for
DEFINE, ASSIGN or DEASSIGN.
 Use /TABLE= LNM$SYSCLUSTER
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 74
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
Notes:
VMS$COMMON usually not found in
system logical names.
It IS possible to have a system with a
missing or corrupted VMS$COMMON.
OpenVMS upgrades will fail.
Difficult to recover.
Running in this condition is not supported.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 75
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
Leave OpenVMS-provided logical
names alone.
ReDEFINE-ing things like SYS$SYSROOT
can jeopardize support position or system
certification (Healthcare, etc.)
If any of these are reDEFINEd, do it at the
/PROCESS level, not system-wide and
make sure to leave the system account
“pristine”.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 76
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
Leave OpenVMS-provided logical
names alone.
Probably okay to do this in a privileged
account other than SYSTEM.
If these are needed at SYSTARTUP_VMS
time, invoke a proc. to do the DEFINEs,
then invoke the proc.’s that need the local
logical names, then clean up using
DEASSIGN/PROCESS.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 77
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
It is possible to organize your sitespecific procedures and keep them
separated from the OpenVMS files
without reDEFINE-ing any logical
names provided by OpenVMS.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 78
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
OpenVMS Logical Names:
Usually contain a “$” (dollar sign).
User (Site-Specific) Logical Names
Avoid “$” – use underscore:
SYS_MANAGER
SYS_BACKUP
SYS_OPERATOR
SYS_HELP
SYS_ROOT
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 79
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
$ sho log sys_*
(LNM$PROCESS_TABLE)
(LNM$JOB_80D128C0)
(LNM$GROUP_000030)
(LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
"SYS_BACKUP" = "SYS_ROOT:[BACKUP]"
"SYS_HELP" = “SYS_ROOT:[SYSHLP]"
"SYS_MANAGER" = "SYS_ROOT:[SYSMGR]"
"SYS_OPERATOR" = "SYS_ROOT:[OPERATOR]”
“SYS_ROOT“ = “SYS$SYSDEVICE:[XYZCORP.]”
= ”SYS$SYSROOT:”
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 80
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
Site-specific logical names for system
management can be organized in their
own logical name tables.
User Logical name table can be added to
LNM$FILE_DEV, but don’t do that systemwide – DEFINE things /PROCESS.
See the earlier example of how to modify the
LNM$FILE_DEV search list for a process.
/PROCESS is the default for DEFINE and
ASSIGN if not specified.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 81
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Logical Names
None of us is immortal.
Remember to document your
customizations THOROUGHLY!
If you get hit by a bus today, will someone else
be able to come in and understand what you’ve
done?
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 82
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS
Networking
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 83
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking
Network stacks for OpenVMS:
 TCP/IP
 DECnet
» Phase IV
» Phase V (DECnet/OSI)
Utilities:
LANCP (works without DECnet)
SET HOST/MOP (Phase V - NET$CCR)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 84
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - TCP/IP
TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS
Formerly known as UCX (Ultrix Connection)
Developed, sold and supported by HP,
shares code base with Tru64 TCP/IP
Management interface somewhat weak.
Some features (like adding secondary name
server) require editing config. files manually.
Access to non-volatile Database inconsistent:
sometimes SET CONFIG, sometimes
SET/PERMANENT.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 85
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking TCP/IP
TCPware
Native to and developed on OpenVMS
(originally on VAX/VMS, ported to Alpha).
Developed, sold and supported by Process
Software, Inc.
Proprietary Management Interface, now
similar to Multinet in some ways.
Slightly more functionality than (UCX),
performs better than Multinet and *UCX).
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 86
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - TCP/IP
Multinet
Developed from BSD V4.3 code by TGV,
Inc. on VAX/VMS, ported to Alpha. Now
developed, sold and supported by Process
Software, Inc.
Proprietary Management Interface.
Functionality similar to TCPware.
Performance is somewhat better than
(UCX), less than TCPware.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 87
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - TCP/IP
Author’s opinion re: Marvel:
TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS will
probably be Marvel-ready sooner than
Process Software’s products; however,
TCPware and Multinet provide more
robust functionality - should be worth
waiting for on Marvel. (SMP
considerations)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 88
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - TCP/IP
CMU/IP
Freeware, a bit old.
Originally developed by TEK, released
to Carnegie Mellon Univ. C.S.
department - became freeware.
VAX only - no known Alpha port.
TCP/IP-V4 only.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 89
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - DECnet
Developed by Digital for PDP-11,
migrated to VAX and ported to Alpha.
Phase-IV is in use widely.
Phase V used where it is needed. Also
known as DECnet-Plus or DECnet/OSI.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 90
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - DECnet
DECnet Phase IV is very SysAdmin
friendly, but takes some getting used to.
“Set it and forget it” - easily configured,
does not issue a lot of OPCOM
messages unless there is trouble on the
line(s).
Specification was published, no longer
publicly available on the web.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 91
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - DECnet
DECnet Phase IV
Permanent database
DEFINE commands in NCP
Volatile database
SET commands in NCP
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 92
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - DECnet
DECnet Phase IV
Provides MOP Remote Console
CONNECT command in NCP
Provides MOP downline load, upline dump
LOAD and TRIGGER commands in NCP
Provides for remote management of other
nodes.
SET EXECUTOR NODE command in NCP,
requires privilege and remote password.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 93
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - DECnet
DECnet Phase V (DECnet-Plus)
More complicated to manage management paradigm follows the OSI
seven-layer model.
Circuits are built from the bottom up,
following the OSI seven-layer model.
Management is performed using NCL
(Network Control Language).
Non-volatile database is .NCL files - no
“permanent” database.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 94
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - DECnet
DECnet Phase V (DECnet-Plus)
OPCOM messages are more plentiful and
more verbose than Phase IV.
Allows for diagnosis of trouble in each
layer.
Provides some features not available in
Phase IV.
Complete specification is not published.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 95
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - DECnet
Access Control
» Set up proxy records in
SYS$SYSTEM:NET$PROXY.DAT using
the AUTHORIZE program.
» Enable proxy access in NCP (Phase-IV):
incoming, outgoing.
– Incoming proxy access, if disabled, defaults to
the access control info of the target object
instead of the source node/user.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 96
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - DECnet
Access Control
» Create the proxy database if it doesn’t
already exist. Use AUTHORIZE,
CREATE/PROXY
» Set up proxy records in Authorize.
» Enable proxy access in NCL (Phase-V):
See the SET SESSION CONTROL
statements.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 97
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - DECnet
FAL Logging
 Two Logical Names:
» FAL$LOG
» FAL$OUTPUT
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 98
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - DECnet
FAL Logging
 FAL$LOG
In SYLOGIN or the DECnet object file:
$ DEFINE FAL$LOG “1/disable=8”
This is an unsupported feature
“1”: file name and file type access
information
disable=8 disables “Poor Man’s Routing”:
dir node1::node2::node3::
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 99
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - DECnet
FAL Logging
 FAL$LOG, cont’d
Produces copious output - use with
discretion.

FAL$OUTPUT
Can be used to specify the name of the log
file to create in place of SYS$OUTPUT
$ DEFINE FAL$OUTPUT FAL.LOG
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 100
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - LAT
LAT - Local Area Transport
 Robust, Efficient
» Can package data for multiple sessions at
the same MAC address into common
packets.

Not routable
» No routable info in the network layer

DEC-proprietary (licensed)
» Specification published under license
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 101
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - LAT
LAT Control Program (LATCP)
 Managememt interface for LAT
 Controls services broadcast by an
OpenVMS node
 Used to create, manage and delete LTA
devices on OpenVMS nodes.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 102
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking MOP
Maintenance Operation Protocol
 Not routable
» No routable info in the network layer

DEC-proprietary (licensed)
» Specification published under license
Remote Console facility
 Downline load, upline dump.

Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 103
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking MOP
Maintenance Operation Protocol
 User interfaces - Remote Console:
» NCP (DECnet Phase IV)
CONNECT NODE
CONNECT VIA circuit_id PHYS ADDR mac_addr
» LANCP
CONNECT NODE name/DEVICE=enet_dev:
» SET HOST/MOP (DECnet Phase V)
SET HOST/MOP node_name
SET HOST/MOP/ADDR=mac_addr/CIRC=xxxx
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 104
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking MOP
Maintenance Operation Protocol
 User interfaces - Downline Load, Upline
dump:
» NCP (DECnet Phase IV)
DEFINE/SET NODE name ADDRESS xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx SERVICE CIRCUIT xxx-n LOAD FILE filespec SECONDARY LOADER filespec DUMP FILE filespec
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 105
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking MOP
Maintenance Operation Protocol
 User interfaces - Downline Load:
» LANCP
DEFINE NODE name /ADDRESS=xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx/FILE=filespec
– Mostly for use in booting LAVc nodes
– LANCP does not provide for upline dump
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 106
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - Remote Access
Types of remote Access:
 DECnet
» SET HOST (CTERM)
» Remote File Access
» NML (NCP SET EXECUTOR NODE)

LAT
» Connect (from terminal server or PC
w/LAT)
» SET HOST/LAT
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 107
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - Remote Access
Types of remote Access, cont’d:
 TCP/IP:
» TELNET
» Rshell
» Rlogin
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 108
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - Remote Proc.’s
Types of Remote Procedures:
 DECnet
» DECnet objects
» SUBMIT/REMOTE, PRINT/REMOTE

TCP/IP
» RPC (Remote Procedure Call)
» Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 109
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Networking - Remote Proc.’s
Security Concerns
 DECnet objects like TASK
 Unsecured accounts by any access
method. (This is not a security
presentation.)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 110
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Network Alerts
OPCOM Alerts for network access
 SET AUDIT/ENABLE=CONNECTION
» DECnet (Phase IV)
» $IPC
» SYSMAN

SET AUDIT/ENABLE=LOGIN=
» ALL, BATCH, DETACHED, DIALUP,
LOCAL, NETWORK, REMOTE,
SUBPROCESS
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 111
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Network Alerts
Additional OPCOM Alerts for FTP
 Add commands to the DCL proc.
associated with the FTP service.
» Example: MULTINET:FTP_SERVER.COM
Can be as general or specific needed.
 See the documentation and example
code for your TCP/IP stack.

Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 112
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
System Startup
Procedure
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 113
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
Default /STARTUP procedure:
 SYS$SYSTEM:STARTUP.COM
 Set using SYSBOOT, SYSGEN or
SYSMAN.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 114
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
STARTUP Phases:
 In SYS$STARTUP:VMS$VMS.DAT
» RMS Indexed file
» Changes to this area of the startup are
*NOT* supported by HP.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 115
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
STARTUP Phases:
$ TY SYS$STARTUP:VMS$VMS.DAT
BASEENVIRON DVMS$BASEENVIRON-050_VMS.COM
E*BASEENVIRON DVMS$BASEENVIRON-050_SMISERVER.COM
E*BASEENVIRON DVMS$BASEENVIRON-050_LIB.COM
E*BASEENVIRON DDECDTM$STARTUP.COM
E*BASEENVIRON DLICENSE_CHECK.EXE
E*CONFIG
DVMS$CONFIG-050_VMS.COM
E*CONFIG
DVMS$CONFIG-050_ERRFMT.COM
E*CONFIG
DVMS$CONFIG-050_CACHE_SERVER.COM
E*CONFIG
DVMS$CONFIG-050_CSP.COM
E*CONFIG
DVMS$CONFIG-050_OPCOM.COM
E*CONFIG
DVMS$CONFIG-050_AUDIT_SERVER.COM
E*CONFIG
DVMS$CONFIG-050_JOBCTL.COM
E*CONFIG
DVMS$CONFIG-050_LMF.COM
E*CONFIG
DVMS$CONFIG-050_SHADOW_SERVER.COM
E*CONFIG
DVMS$CONFIG-050_SECURITY_SERVER.COM
E*DEVICES
DVMS$DEVICE_STARTUP.COM
E*INITIAL
DVMS$INITIAL-050_VMS.COM
E*INITIAL
DVMS$INITIAL-050_LIB.COM
E*INITIAL
CVMS$INITIAL-050_CONFIGURE.COM
E*LPBEGIN
DVMS$LPBEGIN-050_STARTUP.COM
E*PRECONFIG
DIPC$STARTUP.COM
E*PRECONFIG
DVMS$SPIRALOG_STARTUP.COM
E*
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 116
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup Phases, Files
INITIAL
DEVICES
SYCONFIG
SYLOGICALS
SYPAGSWPFILES
PRECONFIG
CONFIG
SYSECURITY
BASEENVIRON
LPBEGIN
SYSTARTUP_VMS
LPMAIN
LPBETA
END
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 117
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup Phases, Files
INITIAL
DEVICES
SYCONFIG
SYLOGICALS
SYPAGSWPFILES
These files are always
executed, even during a
“MIN”-imum boot.
PRECONFIG
CONFIG
SYSECURITY
BASEENVIRON
LPBEGIN
SYSTARTUP_VMS
LPMAIN
LPBETA
END
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 118
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
Site-Specific STARTUPs:
 SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM in
SYS$MANAGER path.
 SYSTARTUP_V5.COM in V5.x
 SYSTARTUP.COM in V4 and earlier.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 119
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
STARTUP Parameters:
 STARTUP_P1
» blank - Normal System Startup
» “MIN” - Minimal Startup
– No SYSTARTUP_VMS but
– Most of the other SY*.COM proc.’s will still be
run.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 120
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
STARTUP Parameters:
 STARTUP_P2
» blank - Normal System Startup
» “1”, “YES” or “TRUE” - Verify on

STARTUP_P3 thru _P8
» Reserved for future use
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 121
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
SYSTARTUP_VMS :
 Author prefers to keep procedure
modular for easier maintenance, invoke
modules from SYSTARTUP_VMS:
$ SET NOON
.
.
.
$ @MOUNT_DISKS
$ @DEFINE_GROUP_LOGICALS
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 122
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
SYSTARTUP_VMS :
 Author prefers to keep procedure
modular for easier maintenance, invoke
node-specific proc.’s from
SYSTARTUP_VMS:
$ FSP = F$SEARCH( “SYS$MANAGER:SYSTARTUP.COM” )
$ IF FSP .NES. “” THEN @&FSP
» Avoids redundant, cut-and-paste code.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 123
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
SYSTARTUP_VMS :
 Logging SYSTARTUP_VMS:
$ SET NOON
$ DEFINE SYS$OUTPUT SYS$MANAGER:SYSTARTUP_VMS.LOG
.
.
.
$ DEASSIGN SYS$OUTPUT
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 124
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
Saving/reporting a crash dump at
System Startup time:
$ ANALYZE/CRASH_DUMP SYS$SYSTEM:SYSDUMP.DMP
COPY ddcu:<dir>:SAVEDUMP.DMP
! copy to wherever is convenient.
SET OUTPUT SYS$MANAGER:SYSDUMP.LIS
! Set this as you like
READ/EXEC
! READ SYS$SYSTEM:SYSDEF
! For VAX
READ SYS$LOADABLE_IMAGES:SYSDEF
! For Alpha
SHOW CRASH
SHOW STACK /ALL
SHOW SUMMARY
SHOW PROCESS /PCB /PHD /REGISTERS
SHOW SYMBOL /ALL
EXIT
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 125
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
DEFINE-ing Group Logicals at Startup:
» SET up a DCL procedure to DEFINE (or
assign) the needed logicals using /GROUP
and whatever access mode is appropriate.
» Invoke that procedure as a detached
process at system startup time.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 126
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
DEFINE-ing Group Logicals at Startup:
Example:
$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT.EXE/UIC=[300,1]/INPUT=GROUP_300_LOGICALS.COM/OUTPUT=GROUP_300_LOGICALS.LOG
The UIC specified does not need to exist in
the UAF.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 127
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
DEFINE-ing Group Logicals at Startup:
Alternate Example:
$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT.EXE/UIC=[300,1]/INPUT=NLA0:/OUTPUT=NLA0:
» The UIC specified does not need to exist in
the UAF.
» The example creates the
LNM$GROUP_000300 table.
» Logical names can then be created in that
table by any suitably privileged process.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 128
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup:
 Global DCL symbol (STARTUP
process) is set up during
SYS$STARTUP:VMS$BASEENVIRON050_VMS.COM:
$startup$interactive_logins == 64
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 129
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d:
 Global DCL symbol (STARTUP
process) is used in
SYS$STARTUP:VMS$LPBEGIN050_STARTUP.COM:
$set logins/interactive='startup$interactive_logins
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 130
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d:
 Change the value of
startup$interactive_logins during
SYSTARTUP_VMS:
$ startup$interactive_logins == F$GETSYI( “IJOBLIM” )
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 131
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d:
$ startup$interactive_logins == F$GETSYI( “IJOBLIM” )
Notes:
 Set the desired value for IJOBLIM in
MODPARAMS and run AUTOGEN, or
change the CURRENT value using
SYSMAN or SYSGEN. Change takes
effect on next boot.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 132
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d:
$ startup$interactive_logins == F$GETSYI( “IJOBLIM” )
Notes, cont’d:
 IJOBLIM is a dynamic parameter. The
SET LOGINS/INTERACTIVE command
displays or varies its value. See the
HELP.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 133
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d:
SET LOGINS/INTERACTIVE caveat:
 Largely undocumented, little known fact:
until this command is issued for the first
time after a reboot, the job controller will
not create interactive processes.
 If used in SYSTARTUP_VMS, it may
enable logins before the system is
ready for users to log in.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 134
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d:
SET LOGINS/INTERACTIVE caveat:
 DO NOT USE THIS COMMAND IN
SYSTARTUP_VMS!!!
 …or any proc. that it invokes!!!
 Use the global DCL symbol instead
(STARTUP$INTERACTIVE_LOGINS).
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 135
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup - VMS Files
Must never be changed unless software
documentation or VMS support instructs
you to do so.
 May be replaced when VMS or layered
products are upgraded.
 May use deprecated lexical functions
(like F$LOGICAL()), or may contain
misspelled function names (like
F$GETSYS(), DCL sees only F$GETS).

Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Startup - VMS Files

Site-specific startups are usually found
in the SYS$MANAGER path.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
SYSMAN and
STARTUP
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
SYSMAN & STARTUP
SYSMAN can be used to modify the
“user” portion of the startup database.
» Two database files used by SYSMAN:
STARTUP$STARTUP_VMS
Used for the VMS startup
DO NOT MODIFY !!!
STARTUP$STARTUP_LAYERED
When you add an item using SYSMAN it goes here.
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SYSMAN & STARTUP
SYSMAN can be used to modify the
“user” portion of the startup database.
» Not as flexible the traditional method using
SYSTARTUP_VMS.
» Not as widely used. Incoming SysAdmins
may be unware of previous modifications
to the startup database using SYSMAN.
» Allows for specifying that some startup
procedures run in BATCH, in-line
(DIRECT) or in sub-processes (SPAWN).
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SYSMAN & STARTUP
» Allows for entering startup items that run
after SYSTARTUP_VMS.
– SYSTARTUP_VMS is invoked during the
LPBEGIN phase.
– Valid phases for SYSMAN STARTUP entries
are LPBEGIN, LPMAIN, LPBETA and END.
– Premature logins are possible if
SYSTARTUP_VMS enables logins before
startups in later phases (LPMAIN, LPBETA or
END) have run.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
Conversational Boot,
Minimum Startup
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Conversational Boot
Most Current Alphas, VAX 7000:
>>> boot –fl x,1
VAX 6000
>>> BOOT boot_profile/R5=1
>>> BOOT boot_profile/R5=x0000001
Older small VAXes
>>> B/R5:1 or B/R5:x0000001
VAX 8000’s
See the manual
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Minimum Boot
>>> b –fl 10,1
SYSBOOT> SET STARTUP_P1 “MIN”
SYSBOOT> CONTINUE
Use SET WRITESYSPARAMS 0 before
CONTINUE for a one-time minimum boot.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
System Shutdown
Procedure
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Shutdown
$ @SYS$SYSTEM:SHUTDOWN
» Prompts interactively for parameters
» Parameters can also be specified on the
command line that invokes the procedure.
– See the SHUTDOWN and REBOOT symbols in
SYS$MANAGER:LOGIN.TEMPLATE
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Shutdown
SYS$SYSTEM:SHUTDOWN.COM
Parameters:
P1 = Minutes to final shutdown
P2 = Reason for Shutdown
P3 = Spin down disk volumes? (Y/N)
P4 = Invoke SYSHUTDWN.COM? (Y/N)
P5 = When will system be rebooted?
P6 = Should auto. reboot be performed? (Y/N)
P7 = Options (SAVE_FEEDBACK, etc.)
– P5 and P6 are reverse order to the prompts.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Site-Specific Shutdown Proc.
SYSHUTDWN.COM
Found in the SYS$MANAGER path.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Shutdown
SYS$SYSTEM:SHUTDOWN.COM
Logical Names
SHUTDOWN$MINIMUM_MINUTES
Default value for minutes to final shutdown.
AGEN$SHUTDOWN_TIME
Used by AUTOGEN as minutes to final
SHUTDOWN or REBOOT.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Shutdown Options
REBOOT_CHECK
SAVE_FEEDBACK
DISABLE_AUTOSTART
POWER_OFF
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Shutdown Options
REBOOT_CHECK
 Performs a basic check for the
existence of files needed to reboot the
system.
 Not comprehensive - cannot detect a
damaged boot block, corrupted
bootstrap image, etc.
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Shutdown Options
SAVE_FEEDBACK
 Saves some vital statistics about the
system that can be used by AUTOGEN
after the system comes back up.
 Same as the SAVPARAMS phase of
AUTOGEN.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Shutdown Options
DISABLE_AUTOSTART
 Use this if needed to prevent
AUTOSTART queues on this node from
being restarted once SHUTDOWN has
STOPped them.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Shutdown Options
POWER_OFF
 If the system console supports it,
request that the machine power itself
down once VMS has been
SHUTDOWN.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Shutdown Options - Clusters

REMOVE_NODE for all but the last
node.
» Node exits the cluster gracefully.

CLUSTER_SHUTDOWN for the last
cluster node to be shutdown.
» If used on all nodes, each node waits for
other nodes to reach the point of exiting
the cluster, then proceeds to shutdown
(“dissolves” the cluster).
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Every Shutdown
Author recommends you always specify
option REBOOT_CHECK for all nodes.
 Has been helpful in preventing some
nasty surprises.

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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
AUTOGEN
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN
SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN.COM
DCL procedure supplied by OpenVMS
as an aid in tuning the OpenVMS
system.
 Not a replacement for diligent system
management.

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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN

Applies changes to the default system
parameters as specified in the file
SYS$SYSTEM:MODPARAMS.DAT
Is invoked during installs and upgrades,
sometimes more than once.
 Can be used to help size the swap and
page files.

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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - MODPARAMS
SYS$SYSTEM:MODPARAMS.DAT
 This is where changes to the default
values are made so they persist from
one AUTOGEN to the next.
 Entries look like this:
parameter_name = needed_value
MIN_parameter_name = needed_value
MAX_parameter_name = needed_value
ADD_ parameter_name = needed_value
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - MODPARAMS
parameter_name = needed_value
 Provides a hard-coded value for the
parameter.
SCSNODE = “ALPHAONE”
GBLPAGES = 121589

AUTOGEN calculations do not over-ride
hard-coded values.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - MODPARAMS
MIN_parameter_name = minimum_value
 Provides a minimum value for the
parameter.
MIN_GBLPAGES = 121589

AUTOGEN may calculate and use a
higher value, but will always use the
MIN_ if it calculates a lower value.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - MODPARAMS
MAX_parameter_name = maximum_value

Provides a maximum value for the
parameter.
MAX_GBLPAGES = 12158900

AUTOGEN may calculate and use a
lower value, but will always use the
MAX_ if it calculates a higher value.
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AUTOGEN - MODPARAMS
ADD_parameter_name = addtl_value
 Provides an addition to the default value
for the parameter.
ADD_GBLPAGES = 81920

AUTOGEN can use feedback to
calculate a new value, then adds the
specified value to the calculated value.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
SAVPARAMS
GETDATA
GENPARAMS
TESTFILES
GENFILES
SETPARAMS
SHUTDOWN
REBOOT
- Collects Feedback
- Collects all other data
- Generates new parameters
- Calculates new sys file sizes
- Generates new system files
- Creates new boot param.’s
- Shutdown the system
- Reboot the system
HELP
- Displays AUTOGEN info
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
SAVPARAMS
Saves dynamic feedback from the
running system.
Same as SAVE_FEEBACK option of
SHUTDOWN.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
GETDATA
Collects all data to be used in
AUTOGEN calculations.
Includes existing feedback data if it is
not over 30 days old.
Includes MODPARAMS info.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
GENPARAMS
Performs calculations and generates the new
system parameters (but does not yet set them
into the “Current” parameters).
Creates the new list of installed images based
on the state of the currently running system.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
TESTFILES
Calculates new page and swap file sizes, but
does not apply any changes.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
GENFILES
Generates new swap and page files based on
AUTOGEN calculations.
Use entries in MODPARAMS to override:
DUMPFILE=0
SWAPFILE=0
PAGEFILE=0
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
SETPARAMS
Creates the new boot-time (“current”)
parameters.
Changes take effect on the next boot.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
SHUTDOWN
Shutdown the system and leave it ready for a
manual boot or other console-level
operations.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
REBOOT
Reboot the system using the newly generated
parameters and/or system files.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
HELP
Display HELP information for how to use
AUTOGEN.
Useful to output this to a file:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN/OUTPUT=AGEN_HELP.LIS HELP
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
Typical uses:
See if current MODPARAMS settings are suitable:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN SAVPARAMS TESTFILES
Generate new system parameters for next boot:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN SAVPARAMS SETPARAMS
AUTOGEN using previously saved feedback:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN GENPARAMS SETPARAMS
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Phases
Typical uses:
AUTOGEN ignoring feedback:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN GENPARAMS SETPARAMS NOFEEDBACK
AUTOGEN using previously saved feedback, if it is
valid:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN GENPARAMS SETPARAMS CHECK_FEEDBACK
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Report
SYS$SYSTEM:AGEN$PARAMS.REPORT
 Generated on each run of AUTOGEN during
the GENPARAMS phase.
 Indicates any MODPARAMS errors detected
by AUTOGEN.
 Indicates the results of AUTOGEN
calculations and resulting changes to system
parameters.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AUTOGEN - Logging
AUTOGEN issues useful information on
SYS$OUTPUT, also.
Some SysAdmins find this useful:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN/OUT=AGEN.LOG start_phase end_phase
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
Useful Tips
and Tricks
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Useful Tips and Tricks
An “uptime” command:
$ SHOW SYSTEM/NOPROCESS
$ UPT*TIME :== SHOW
SYSTEM/NOPROCESS
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Useful Tips and Tricks
An simple command to show usage:
$ SHL :== PIPE SHOW USERS/FULL | (READ SYS$PIPE P9 ; WRITE SYS$OUTPUT P9 ; READ SYS$PIPE P9 ; WRITE SYS$OUTPUT P9 ; SET LOGINS)
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS System
Management Tools
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
System Management Tools
Supplied as no-charge additional
software, licensed with OpenVMS.
 StorageWorks Command Console
(SWCC)
 OpenVMS Management Station
(“TNT” or “Argus”)
 Accessibility Manager for Distributed
Systems (AMDS), Availability Manager
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
StorageWorks
Command Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console

Provides MS/Win GUI for management
of StorageWorks storage array
controllers.
» HSJ (CI)
» HSZ (SCSI)
» HSG (FC-SF)
Uses TCP/IP to communicate with
server agent on OpenVMS.
 Behaves like other “Explorer” software.

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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Limitations:
 PC’s IP address must back-translate
» DHCP is o.k. so long as DNS is updated
when address lease is obtained / renewed.
Does not work over WAN unless PC’s
DNS name is “visible” outside of firewall
and firewall allows the TCP ports.
 OpenVMS server agent will only run on
one node of a cluster.

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StorageWorks Cmd Console
Limitations, cont’d:
 Unit names and storage-set names are
assigned randomly and arbitrarily.
» Some names can be changed manually
using the CLI.

Can hold onto the virtual console so that
other access means are denied:
» SET HOST/DUP, SET HOST/SCSI
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Limitations, cont’d:
 Disks falling into the Failed Set are
detected and reported as warnings;
however, CLI messages are not passed
through to the GUI - you must still
connect to the CLI to get them.
» “Other controller restarted”
» Cache battery alerts
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Limitations, cont’d:

No provisions for running HSx utilities
and diagnostics.

No performance data available via the
GUI - use the CLI to run VTDPY.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Management Considerations
 PCs must be authorized to access
OpenVMS server agent. Use the SWCC
configuration utility supplied with the
OpenVMS-side software.
 Controllers and/or controller pairs must
be set up using the SWCC configuration
utility supplied with the OpenVMS-side
software.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Management Considerations
 HSZ and HSG controller pairs present
only a single virtual device for remote
access - cannot connect to an individual
controller by name using the CLI
window.
 You will still need to access the physical
console terminal port from time to time,
as when a controller fails out of the pair.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 200
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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Slide 201
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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Slide 202
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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Slide 203
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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Slide 208
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
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Slide 209
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 210
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS
Management
Station
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 211
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Provides an MS/Win GUI for management
of some areas of OpenVMS:
 User records and identifiers
 OpenVMS storage
 Printer (but not batch) queues.
 Uses TCP/IP to communicate between
Windows client and OpenVMS Server.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Considerations:
 No interfaces for application-specific
user setups.
 Provides only for “traditional” OpenVMS
printer queues - no provisions for
TCP/IP considerations.
 V3.0 is still available for Alpha/NT. Later
versions are Intel only.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Considerations:
 Runs on W/NT and W2K, W/98, and
W/95, but needs Internet Explorer V3.02
or later to provide some support.
 V3.2 Server needs OpenVMS V6.2 or
later.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Set up Wizard
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Set up Wizard
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Set up Wizard
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Set up Wizard
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Set up Wizard
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Logon to a managed system
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Slide 223
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Accounts Window
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Account
Detail
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Printers and other Symbiont Queues
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Detail of Printers / Symbiont Queues
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
OpenVMS Storage
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
OpenVMS Storage Detail
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station

OpenVMS Server reads OMS
configuration when it starts.

Storage configured in OMS and not yet
MOUNTed gets MOUNTed (if enabled).

Symbiont queues configured in OMS
and not yet STARTed get STARTed.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station

OpenVMS Server builds a DCL
procedure that can be used to MOUNT
your storage, even if the server cannot
be started for whatever reason:
TNT$EMERGENCY_MOUNT.COM
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Can be useful to ease certain system
management tasks that would otherwise
require the use of command-line
utilities, but is not a replacement for
those utilities.
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Download URL:
http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/products/argus/download.html
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
Accessibility Manager for
Distributed Systems
(AMDS) and
Availability Manager
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Provides DECwindows interface for
system or cluster management, some
performance monitoring.
 Warnings can be issued when
performance metrics go out of spec. you determine the thresholds for your
environment.
 Can (maybe) be used to “un-hang” a
cluster (force quorum adjustment).
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Considerations:
 Uses a proprietary, non-routable
network protocol.
 For optimum availability management,
needs to run on a separate OpenVMS
workstation (not a cluster member).
 AMDS workstation must be on same
LAN segment as cluster nodes or
protocol must be bridged bt segments.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Considerations:
 AMDS workstation can be accessed
remotely (X on Linux, Solaris or *BSD;
Reflection/X or Exceed, etc. on MS Win;
DECwindows on OpenVMS).
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Licensing:
AMDS license is now included in the
OpenVMS base license (as of AMDS
V7.1).
Software Kit:
On the OpenVMS binary CD.
On the OpenVMS website.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Startup Procedure:
$ @SYS$STARTUP:AMDS$STARTUP
Specify START as the first parameter.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Logical Names:
Defined in
AMDS$SYSTEM:AMDS$LOGICALS.COM
AMDS$GROUP_NAME is the node information
display group, default is DECAMDS
Define a group name for each cluster
AMDS$DEVICE defines the network device to
use if multiple LAN connections are present.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Availability Mgr
Availability Manager
 An MS Windows tool (W/NT, W2K)
 Does not require an X-server on the PC.
 Uses the same non-routable protocol as
AMDS - similar restrictions.
 Could be accessed remotely using
PCAnywhere, or maybe Citrix.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
AMDS Screen shots follow.
Many display objects can be selected to
“drill down” for more information.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
AMDS
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS
Security Elements
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
An OpenVMS system is only as secure
as the SysAdmin makes it.
Understanding and using the elements
of OpenVMS Security is the best way to
help ensure the security and integrity of
an OpenVMS system.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
Points to remember:
TELNET and FTP sessions are not
encrypted, passwords are sent as clear
text. Use Secure Shell and Secure FTP
for best security.
LAT and DECnet are not encrypted,
passwords are sent as clear text.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
User Identification Codes
[group,user]
Similar to UN*X UIDs, except digits are
always octal.
Users belong to only one UIC group.
Use Rights Identifiers to grant additional
access.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
Protection Masks
Based on the UIC.
Four classes of permission:
System
Owner
Group
World
UN*X only has Owner, Group, World
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
Levels of Permission in each class:
Files
Read - Open read only
Write - Open write only
Execute - Run (if it’s a program/proc.)
Delete - Delete the file
(Requires write access to parent directory.)
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
Levels of Permission in each class:
Directories
Read - List files
Write - Create/delete files
Execute - Traverse the directory
(Look up files)
Delete - Delete the directory
(Requires Write access to parent).
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
Levels of Permission in each class:
Devices
READ
WRITE
LOGICAL I/O
PHYSICAL I/O
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
Levels of Permission in each class:
Queues
READ - Display queue, jobs
MODIFY - Modify queue, jobs
SUBMIT - SUBMIT/PRINT jobs
DELETE - Delete jobs or the queue
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
Access Control Lists
Specify access control beyond the UIC
based protections.
Consist of access control entries.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
Access Control Entries
Associate access control with UICs or
Rights Identifiers
Levels of access:
READ
DELETE
WRITE
CONTROL
EXECUTE
Object owner always has CONTROL
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
Rights Identifiers
Created using AUTHORIZE.
Can be associated with a resource (disk
file - to control disk quotas).
GRANTed to or REVOKEd from users
using AUTHORIZE.
Can be dynamic – non-privileged users
can acquire and release using SET
RIGHTS_LIST in DCL.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
Propagating ACEs, Default Protections
Set an ACE on a directory with the
DEFAULT attribute.
Default Protection ACE is set on a
directory.
Will be applied to new files, or use SET
SECURITY/DEFAULT to propagate to
existing files.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
OpenVMS Security Elements
Set ACEs in the proper sequence
First matching ACE determines access.
Enter ACEs from least restrictive to
most restrictive. EDIT/ACL can be
helpful.
ACL takes priority over UIC based
protection mask.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
Closing Comments,
Q&A
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
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OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Freeware Sources
» The OpenVMS Freeware CDs are online at
the OpenVMS website.
» The DFWCUG DECUS CD-ROM Archive:
ftp://ftp.montagar.com/decus/
» DFWCUG OVMS Freeware V3 Archive:
ftp://ftp.montagar.com/freeware-v3/
» DJE Systems OpenVMS Freeware archive:
http://www.djesys.com/freeware/vms/
» OpenVMS FAQ
http://www.openvms.compaq.com/wizard/faq/vmsfaq.html
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 265
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Seminar 1024
Thanks for coming!
Disclaimer: All information is correct to
the best of the author’s knowledge.
Please fill out the evaluation forms, if
available.
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO
Slide 266