Vocabulary: Chapter 1
1. Appropriateness – what is suitable for a specific situation
2. Non-verbal – any communication that is NOT a spoken word
3. Norm – a stated or implied expectation
4. Role – a part played in a situation
5. Standard – an established level of requirement or excellence
6. Verbal – spoken words
1. Communication – the process of creating and exchanging meaning through symbolic interaction
2. Context – the situation in which communication occurs including people, occasion, and task
3. Culture – a set of life patterns passed down from one generation to the next
4. Organization – a number of people with specific responsibilities united for a purpose
5. Organizational Culture – how an organization thinks, what it finds important, and how it conducts
business
Vocabulary: Chapter 2
1.
Barrier – any obstacle that blocks communication
2.
Channel- space in which a message is transmitted
3.
Context – the situation in which communication occurs including people, occasion, and task
4.
Feedback- one person’s observable response to another’s message
5.
Message – information that is exchanged
6.
Noise – anything that interferes with a message; usually temporary
7.
Transactional – a process that involves an exchange
1.
Acquiring – physical process receiver-senders use to take in the sender’s message
2.
Decoding – the mental process receiver-senders use to create meaning from language
3.
Encoding – the mental process of assigning meaning and language to data
4.
Receiver-Sender – the person who receives or believes he/she has received a message
5.
Sender-Receiver – the person who sends a message
6.
Sensory Perception – complex physical process of taking in data through the five senses
7.
Transmitting – physical process of sending verbal and nonverbal messages
1.
Data – things that catch a communicator’s attention
2.
Intrapersonal Communication – communication that occurs in your own mind
3.
Interpersonal Communication – communication between two people
4.
Mass Communication – the electronic or print transmission of messages to the general public
5.
Mass Media – outlets of communication designed to reach large audiences
6. One-to-group Communication – involves a speaker who seeks to inform, persuade, or motivate an
audience.
7.
Small Group Communication – communication within groups or teams
Chapter 3
1.
Perception – process used to assign meaning to data
2.
Perception Check – question that helps determine the accuracy and validity of your perceptions
3.
Personal Perception – your own understanding of reality
4.
Selective Perception – mental process of choosing data on which to focus
1.
Self-concept – the view you have of yourself
1. Self-disclosure – the deliberate revelation of significant information about yourself that is not
readily apparent to others
2. Self-fulfilling Prophesy – a prediction or expectation of an event that shapes behavior, making the
outcome more likely to occur
1.
Leader – Someone who inspires others to act in specific ways to accomplish a common goal
2.
Appointed leader – given leadership by person in authority
3.
Emergent leader – chosen by peers
4.
Authoritarian leader – has power for quick decisions and strong control over group
5.
Democratic leader – invites participation, gets majority to agree
6.
Laissez-faire leader – gives power to group members with a “hands off” approach by setting task
then letting group accomplish goal
7. Balanced leader – focuses equally on task and relationships
Vocabulary Chapter 4
Diction – the degree of clarity and distinctness in a person’s speech
Grammar – the basic understandings and rules that regulate the use of a language
Oral language – language that is spoken and heard rather than written and read
Pronunciation – the correct way to say a word
Structure – the way different parts of a language are arranged
Vocabulary – all the word symbols that make up a particular code or language
Articulation – clearly and distinctly uttering the consonant sounds of a word
Dialect – a unique combination of speech sounds that identifies speech with a particular group of people
Enunciation – clearly and distinctly uttering the vowel sounds of a word
Colloquialism- a term associated with a specific region or culture
Formal language – language that conforms to a highly structured set of rules
Informal language – language most often used in casual situations and with close interpersonal
relationships
Jargon – technical language
Standard language – language used by the majority of knowledgeable communicators within a specific
language
Technical language – language associated with a particular profession, activity, or field of study
Social ritual – a communication situation that is frequently repeated in daily social interaction
Standard language – language used by the majority of knowledgeable communicators within a specific
language
Ungrammatical language – language that does not use expected standards of grammar or mechanics
Filler – a word or phrase used to cover up a hesitancy in speech
Tag – a statement or question added to the end of a statement to invite approval or cooperation from
others
Chapter 5
Nonverbal communication – system of symbolic behaviors that include all forms of communication
except words
Kinesics – the use of body in communication
Ambiguous – open to interpretation; confusing
Inflection – rising and falling of pitch that adds variety to speaking
Pitch – highness or lowness of sound on a musical scale
Range – span of the highest to the lowest pitch possible for a speaker to reach
Rate – how fast or slowly an individual speaks
Tempo – rhythmic quality of a person’s speech
Tone – richness in sound of a person’s voice
Rate – how fast or slowly an individual speaks
Tempo – rhythmic quality of a person’s speech
Artifacts – articles of adornment used to decorate self or surroundings
Hearing – the physical process of receiving sound
Listening – physical and psychological process that involves acquiring, assigning meaning, and
responding to symbolic messages from others
Attending – the act of choosing, subconsciously or consciously, to focus your attention on verbal or
nonverbal stimuli
Interpreting – process in which the receiver personalizes the sender’s message to determine the
meaning
Responding – reacting internally, emotionally, and intellectually to a message
Understanding - complex mental process that involves decoding the symbolic messages received from
others and then interpreting and assigning personal meaning to messages
Active Listening – participating fully in the communication process
Passive Listening – not actively participating in interactions
Impatient Listening – short bursts of active listening interrupted by noise
Appreciative Listening – listening to enjoy a speaker’s message or a performance
Critical Listening – listening to comprehend ideas and information in order to achieve a specific goal
Deliberative Listening – listening to understand, analyze, and evaluate messages to accept or reject a
point of view, make a decision, or take action
Empathic Listening – listening to understand, participate in, and enhance relationships