What causes a
society to grow?
The New Nation
Unit 5 The New
Nation
Lesson 1
Planning a Government
Lesson 2
United States Constitution
Lesson 3
The Louisiana Purchase
Lesson 4
The War of 1812
Lesson 5
The Industrial Revolution
Lessons
Planning a New Government
Lesson 1
Vocabulary
Articles of
Confederation
legislature
What problems did the government
face after the Revolution?
Planning a New Government
The Articles of Confederation
were the first plan of government for
the U.S. A confederation is a loose
alliance of states.They failed because
each state was independent.
The national government could NOT
• print their own money.
• collect taxes.
• pay soldiers or lawmakers.
SA 29
What was the importance of the Northwest
Ordinance?
•It said that an area became a territory when
its population reached 5,000.
•A territory could apply for statehood when the
population reached 60,000.
Planning a New Government
Shay’s Rebellion
showed the Articles of
Confederation had failed.
MC 1
The new government could
not protect farmers from
losing their lands.
It also could not afford to
send troops to stop the
uprising.
Planning a New Government
What was the Three-Fifths
Compromise and why was it
proposed?
It was an agreement among the
delegates that every five enslaved
people counted as three free people.
MC 3
Planning a New Government
2 parts of Congress
•House of Representatives
•Senate
The Great Compromise
Proposed by Roger Sherman
FILL
A legislature with a House of
Representatives based on a state’s
population - Large (heavily populated) states
were satisfied.
FILL
A Senate with two senators from each
state – Small (less populated) states were
satisfied.
FILL
THE PRESIDENT CANNOT MAKE A LAW. HE
CAN ONLY SUGGEST A LAW. HE HAS ALMOST
NO POWER IN OUR COUNTRY.
The Capitol in Washington D.C.
Planning a New Government
James Madison and other delegates came up
with the Electoral College.
MC 4
In the Electoral College, the number of
electoral votes for each state was based on the
number of the state’s Congressional
representatives.
EXAMPLE:
Indiana House of Representatives =
Indiana Senators =
TOTAL =
9
+2
11
California House of Representatives =
California Senators =
TOTAL =
53
+2
55
United States Constitution
Lesson 2
Vocabulary
federal system
Supreme Court
ratify
bill of rights
amendment
Why is the Constitution a powerful
document?
United States Constitution
We the People of the United States,
in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish
Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for
the common defense, promote the general Welfare,
and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves
and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this
Constitution for the United States of America.
The duty of the government is to
defend the people.
MC 5
United States Constitution
Branch
DO NOT COPY
Who
Job
LEGISLATIVE
Congress

makes laws for the country
 Decides how to spend the government’s
money
EXECUTIVE
President
 Meets with leaders of other countries
 Leads military
 carries out laws
Supreme Court
and federal courts
 Makes sure our laws follow
the Constitution
JUDICIAL
United States Constitution
First three articles explain how the U.S. government
is organized.
Article 1 – establishes a legislature called Congress
made up of a Senate and a House of
Representatives
power to make laws
Article 2 – creates the office of the President
leader of the executive branch
power to enforce laws
All of this info on what
each branch does is
found in the Constitution.
Article 3 – establishes a Supreme Court
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United
States. FILL
They have the power to decide whether any law
works against the Constitution.
United States Constitution
We have a federal system. A federal system is an
agreement to share powers between state and national
governments.
•FILL
This system is known as checks and balances. We
have this system so one branch does not gain too much
power, and each branch can check or stop another branch.
This information is found in The Constitution.
•SA
(TEST QUESTION)
EXAMPLES:
- Congress votes to approve a bill, and the President signs it.
MC 6
- The President vetoes a bill, and Congress overrides it.
- Congress and the President pass a bill that becomes a law, and the
Supreme Court decides if the law is constitutional.
United States Constitution
At the end of the U.S. Constitution we have a
Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights consist of ten
amendments written by James Madison.
FILL An amendment is a change to the U.S.
Constitution.
The purpose of the Bill of Rights is to
protect the freedom of citizens.
MC 7
After the addition of the Bill of Rights, all
original thirteen states ratified the
Constitution. FILL To ratify means to officially
approve something.
Our U.S. Constitution has 17 additional
amendments.
United States Constitution
For once, all Americans
agreed that the new
nation under the new
Constitution should be
lead by one man: MC 9 the
Father of the Country,
George Washington, the
1st president.
Alexander
Hamilton wrote
articles in support
of the Constitution.
MC 8
The Louisiana Purchase
Lesson 3
Vocabulary
pioneer
Embargo Act of
1807
How did the expansion of the United
States affect North America?
The Louisiana Purchase
Daniel Boone and John
Findley found a passage
through the Appalachian
Mountains and widened it so
wagons could go through.
SA 31
SA 32
Pioneers are the first people to enter a region.
The Embargo Act of 1807 closed all American ports and hurt the
American economy instead of Great Britain and France.
MC 12
The Louisiana Purchase
Effects of the Louisiana Purchase:
•It doubled the size of the U.S. for pennies an acre.
•Americans gained access to a major port.
•The land had abundant natural resources.
The Louisiana Purchase
Lewis & Clark:
•Were sent by President Jefferson to
GO WEST find a land route to the
Pacific Ocean and see what natural
resources were available.
•They left St. Louis and headed west.
•SA 33
Sacagawea traveled with them
as a guide and interpreter.
The War of 1812
Lesson 4
Vocabulary
War Hawks
Era of Good
Feelings
Adams-Onís
Treaty
Monroe Doctrine
How did the War of 1812 affect
Americans?
The War of 1812
FILL
War Hawks supported the War of 1812, and they
wanted to protect American sailors from British
impressment.
Tecumseh united
several Western
groups to protect
Native American lands.
MC 15
SA 34
The British burned Washington D.C. to punish Americans for burning York.
The War of 1812
SA 35
At Fort McHenry in
Francis Scott Key was
inspired to write “The
Star-Spangled Banner.”
MC 14
In 1814 the Treaty
of Ghent was signed
ending the war/fighting,
BUT neither side won.
MC 13
AFTER THE WAR
and because of slowtraveling news, the
Americans fought the
British in New Orleans
and CRUSHED them
under the leadership of
Andrew Jackson who
became a national hero.*
The War of 1812
After the War of 1812, Americans felt more united. This was known
as the Era of Good Feelings.
FILL
In the Adams-Onis Treaty
Spain sold Florida to the
United States.
FILL
The Monroe
Doctrine said Europe and the
U.S. should not interfere with
each other. The U.S. hoped
this would keep them out of
European wars.
MC 16 & FILL
The Industrial Revolution
Lesson 5
Vocabulary
Industrial
Revolution
cotton gin
interchangeable
part
reaper
steam engine
How did the Industrial Revolution
change people’s lives?
The Industrial Revolution
The Northeast
was a major
manufacturing
region in the U.S. in
the 1800s.
MC 17
The Industrial Revolution
interchangeable parts – pieces made in standard sizes meant products
could be made faster and at a lower cost
SA 36
•MC 20
The Erie
Canal is a system
of locks to raise
and lower the
water level.
•After it was built,
New York City
became the largest
port in the country.
The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was a time when new machines and new
ideas changed the way people worked, traveled, and lived.
1. The cotton gin was a machine that removed seed from cotton.
2.
MC 19This
made cotton the most important cash crop in the South.
$$$$$$
1. The “iron horse” was a
steam-powered train.
2. Railroads became the main
form of transportation.
1. A reaper is a machine with a sharp
blade to cut grain.
2. As a result of the reaper, fewer
farmers were needed and many
people in farming areas moved to
the cities.
Review
What were some important inventions during the Industrial Revolution?
Cotton Gin – removed seed from cotton and made cotton the most
important cash crop in the South
Power loom – made the process of cloth making much faster and large
textile mills employed many people
Interchangeable parts – pieces made in standard sizes meant products
could be made faster and at a lower cost
Mechanical plow and reaper – made farming easier and fewer farmers
were needed
Steam engine – produced more power than horses and could pull
heavier loads
Erie Canal – connected Lake Erie to the Hudson River with a series of
locks to raise and lower the water level
Iron Horse – railroads became the main form of transportation
Review
What is manifest destiny?
Manifest destiny is the belief that the United States had a right to
expand its borders and claim new lands.
What was the Trail of Tears?
The Trail of Tears was the 800-mile westward march of the Cherokee
people to the Indian Territory; 4,000 people died along the way.
Maps
Click on a map to enlarge the view.