Lesson 4: The 13 English Colonies
Social Studies 5th Grade
Mr. Vida
How many colonial geographical regions
were there? And name them?
How many colonial geographical regions
were there?
What was the importance of the location of
the Georgia colony?
What was the importance of the location of
the Georgia colony?
Georgia was located between the Carolinas and
Florida. The Carolinas were English and Florida
was Spanish. Because Spain and England were
rivals, Georgia helped protect other English
colonies from possible Spanish attacks.
Subtitle
Subtitle
www.googleearth.com
•New
England Colonies
•Massachusetts
Bay
•Connecticut
•Rhode
Island
•New Hampshire
•New
England Colonies had
•Thin,
rocky soil… difficult to farm
•BUT… Thick woods for timber
•AND… Coastal waters rich in FISH & WHALES
Subtitle
•Middle
Colonies
•New
York
•New Jersey
•Pennsylvania
•Delaware
•Middle
•With
Colonies had
warmer climate & more fertile soil… better to farm
•Because of so much wheat… Known as the “Breadbasket of the colonies”
•Wide rivers made it easier to transport & travel
Subtitle
•Southern
Colonies
•Virginia
•Maryland
•North Carolina
•South Carolina
•Georgia
•Southern
•Enjoyed
Colonies had
the warmest climate & longest growing seasons
•Rich soil provided valuable crops like TOBACCO & RICE
•Many rivers connected inland farms to ports along the regions coast
Subtitle
•New
England Colonies
•Many Puritan settlements were built in Massachusetts
•Very
strict laws like ALL citizens HAD to ATTEND church
•NOT
everyone agreed with Puritan laws
•Roger
Williams
•Outspoken young minister in Salem, Mass.
•Believed
believed
•Was
government should not punish citizens for what the
forced to leave Massachusetts by Puritan leaders
•Roger
Williams
•Traveled south
•This
& founded a settlement named Providence
was the start of the new colony of Rhode Island
•Under
his leadership, became the 1st English colony in North
America to offer complete religious freedom to its settlers
•Dissenter
•Roger
•It
Williams and others were know as dissenters
is a person whose views differ from those held by most
people in the community
•Anne
Hutchinson
•Another
Mass.
dissenter that angered Puritan leaders in
•She
believed that a persons own faith in God was
more important than church’s rules & laws
•She
was also forced to leave Massachusetts because
of her beliefs
•She
moved to Rhode Island
•Thomas
Hooker
•A Puritan minister, left Mass. With 100 followers
•He
founded the new colony of Connecticut
•They
were looking for greater religious & political freedom
•Also
wanted to build farms along the fertile Connecticut River
•New
Hampshire
•Many English settlers were also moving to this colony
•The
early settlements here were small fishing villages
•King
Charles II
•Gave his brother, James, the Duke of York with the task of taking New
Amsterdam
•Sailed
warships into New Amsterdam harbor
•The
Dutch leader surrendered without a shot fired, because he saw that
he could not defend the settlement
•In
honor of the Duke of York, New Netherland became New York & New
Amsterdam became New York City
•The
Duke gave part of his colony to his friend so they could establish
their own colony
•This
new English colony was named New Jersey
•The
End of Holland in America
•In
honor of the Duke of York, New Netherland
became New York & New Amsterdam became New
York City
•The
Duke gave part of his colony to his friend so
they could establish their own colony
•This
new English colony was named New Jersey
•William
Penn
•King
Charles II gave a huge section of land to him in
N. America
•The
king had borrowed money from Penn’s wealthy
father & Penn asked for land as repayment
•Penn
•He
wanted to build a colony based on his beliefs
was a QUAKER
•Opposed war
•Believed people could worship God without going to
church or following religious leaders
•William
Penn
•King
Charles II named the land Pennsylvania, meaning
“Penn’s Woods”
•Penn
said that it would be a “Holy Experiment”
•Where people from different nations and all religious beliefs
could live together in peace
•He
•For
also promised to pay Native Americans a fair price for land
his main settlement he chose a spot between the Schuylkill
& Delaware Rivers
•Named it Philadelphia which means, “City of brotherly love”
•Colony
of Maryland
•Catholics also faced persecution, so King Charles I gave a large
piece of land North of Virginia to a Catholic landowner
•This
landowner was named Lord Baltimore & he named this
colony Maryland
•Became
a refuge for both Catholic & Protestants
•Proprietor
•Means
an owner
•Maryland
was a proprietary community, meaning a colony where
land was controlled by an individual or group of proprietors
•Colony
of Maryland
•Catholics also faced persecution, so King Charles I gave a large
piece of land North of Virginia to a Catholic landowner
•This
landowner was named Lord Baltimore & he named this
colony Maryland
•Became
a refuge for both Catholic & Protestants
•Proprietor
•Means
an owner
•Maryland
was a proprietary community, meaning a colony where
land was controlled by an individual or group of proprietors
•Colony
of the Carolinas
•King
Charles II gave a charter for a large section of land to 8
proprietors. It was between Virginia & the Spanish colony of
Florida.
•Carolina was
later divided into 2 separate Colonies
•North Carolina
•South Carolina
•Colony
of Georgia
•James
Oglethorpe founded the last of the English colonies in
North America
•He
brought debtors to his colony to relieve English jails
•Colony
•Why
of Georgia
did Georgia's location help the other
English Colonies?
Answer: Georgia lay between the Carolinas &
Spanish Florida. Because of this location,
Georgia helped protect the other colonies from
possible Spanish attacks.
•Colony
of Georgia
•Like
William Penn, Oglethorpe wanted his colony to
have peaceful relations with Native Americans
•Oglethorpe
met with Tomochichi, Chief of the
Yamacraw tribe
•The
Yamacraw agreed to give land to him & his
settlers
•With about 100
1st settlement in
released debtors, the founded the
Europe, which he named Savannah
•The
English Colonies grew very quickly
•1650 to 1700
•Population grew from 50,000 to 250,000
•50
•3
years later, population topped 1,000,000
largest cities
•Boston
•Philadelphia
•New York
•People
also moved away from cities & towns to clearing
forests & building farms.
1.
Using a Venn Diagram, compare &
contrast the details below:
•Use the New England & Middle Colonies
•Topics of “geography” & “reason for
founding”
1.
New England
Colonies
Middle
Colonies
1.
•Rocky soil
•Religious
freedom
for
Puritans
New England
Colonies
Middle
Colonies
1.
•Rocky
soil
•Religious
freedom
for
Puritans
New England
Colonies
•Fertile
soil
•Religious
freedom
for
Quakers
Middle
Colonies
1.
•Rocky
soil
•Religious
freedom
for
Puritans
New England
Colonies
•Along the
coast
•Controlled
by England
•Fertile
soil
•Religious
freedom
for
Quakers
Middle
Colonies
2. Why were the Middle Colonies known as the
“breadbasket of the colonies”?
2. Why were the Middle Colonies known as the
“breadbasket of the colonies”?
Because they grew so much wheat.
3. Explain how the New England colony was
founded by a dissenter.
3. Explain how the New England colony was
founded by a dissenter.
Possible Answer: The views of Roger
Williams clashed with Puritan leaders,
so he left and founded what became
Rhode Island.
4. What attracted settlers to Georgia?
4. What attracted settlers to Georgia?
A new life free of debt.
What is the main difference between a
Puritan & a Pilgrim in regards to their
stance on the Church of England?