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Red is a area under control of Spain until 1828
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One of the first global empires,
Spain became a unified monarchy,
the same year that Columbus set
sail through the Atlantic ocean.
Spain held territories in Europe,
America, Asia, and Oceania.
In the 15th and 17th centuries,
known as the age of exploration,
Spain ,as well as many other
European countries, began to
expand westward taking over lands
that belonged to other empires, like
the Mexica empire in Mexico.
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The Mexica, often referred to as the
Aztecs, were the dominant ethnic
groups in Mesoamerica between the
14th and 16th centuries.
The Mexica Empire was and
alliance between the three city
states of Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and
Tlacopan.
The Spaniards, along with allies
from indigenous tribes, conquered
the capital of the Mexica empire,
Tenochtitlan, in 1521, ending the
last empire of Mesoamerica.
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The Inca Empire, or Tawantinsuyu as
they were known in their own
language, were an ethnic group that
controlled a large portion of western
South America.
They began as fairly small tribe in
their future capital of Cusco in the
12th century and began to expand in
the early/mid 15th century with the
conquering of the area surrounding
the Andes Mountain..
In 1532, having received the approval
of the queen of Spain to conquer the
Incas, Francisco Pizarro began his
conquest, a job made easier because
of the tactical superiority of the
Spaniards and the weakened state of
the empire.
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The Portuguese Empire, which
lasted for 6 centuries, was the first
global European empire.
Between 1580 and 1640, Portugal
and Spain were joined, but ruled
separately. Since the empire were
now on, it became subject to
attacks from three other European
empires.
The Portuguese empire finally
collapsed with the transfer of
Macau’s sovereignty to China on
December 20, 1999
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From 1500 to 1815, brazil was
under the control of the Portuguese.
Brazil was declared independent of
the Portuguese empire in 1822, as a
consequence of the Liberal
Revolution of 1820.
Brazil was an important economic
source because of brazilwood, later
sugar, and eventually gold.
Unlike the Spanish territories to the
north, the former Portuguese
colony kept all the territory it had
before it gained its independence.
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At the height of its power, the
English empire was the largest of
all the European Empires that
existed at the time.
It was once said that “the sun never
sets on the English empire” because
of the sheer size of the empire
ensured that the sun was out on at
least one of the many areas under
its control.
In 1997, the English empire gave
up Hong Kong to the People’s
Republic of China “ending the
empire”
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The French Empire, at the height of
its power, was the second most
powerful empire, behind the
English Empire.
Due to the empire’s power, French
has become a widely spoken
language, despite not keeping many
colonial territories.
The French were unable to keep
many colonies because of the, more
powerful, Spanish and English
empires.
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Despite owning a large portion of
the land in America, France was
unable to keep too many colonies
under their power because of the
monopolies held by other empires.
Until 1605, France had not yet
become a major colonial empire.
Port Royal, in Acadia, what is now
Canada.
The French empire began to fall
apart during WWII, when other
nations occupied areas under
French control. Later conflicts with
French and foreign territories
would help end French control of
their colonies.
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New Netherland (1609-1667), as well
as New Sweden, was established by
the Dutch and was able to survive so
long because of the neglect of the
area by the English.
The English king, King Charles II,
later saw this area as important in
increasing the wealth of the crown,
and at the same time decreasing the
power of the Dutch empire.
The areas that were once part of New
Netherland are now parts of New
York, New Jersey, Delaware, and
Connecticut.
The capital was New Amsterdam,
shown on the map as being on the
southern tip of New York, would later
be known as New York city