The Value of Cross-Sector
Collaboration
November 8, 2012
NPSMA 3rd National Conference
Denver, Colorado
Susan Sloan, Director, GUIRR
Productivity growth depends on two things: a
well-trained workforce, and new ideas. Each
of those requires investment. I would argue
that we are under-investing in research and
development in every sector of our economy,
drastically under-investing…. It is a societal
problem. It is not just a congressional
problem or an administrative problem.
– Rush Holt, U.S. Representative from New Jersey
NRC’s Rising Above the Gathering Storm Two Years Later (April 2008)
< Gross domestic expenditure on R&D,
1999 and 2009
R&D Intensity = R&D expenditure
as a percentage of GDP.
Used as an indicator of an economy’s
relative investment in generating
new knowledge. Israel has the highest
R&D intensity.
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2011
Shares of U.S. R&D expenditures by performing
sector and source of funds, 2009
(Source: National Science Foundation, NCSES, 2009 Data Update)
Other
nonprofit
organizations
Universities
4.4%
and colleges
13.6%
Universities
and colleges
2.9%
Other
nonprofit
organizations
3.4%
Nonfederal
government
0.9%
Federal
government
31.1%
Federal
government
11.5%
Business
61.7%
Business
70.5%
Performing Sector
Source of Funds
The Research Landscape in
the United States
17.8%
APPLIED
19%
BASIC
63.2%
DEVELOPMENT
Source: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics. 2011.
National Patterns of R&D Resources: 2009 Data Update.
Three Main Sectors
Federal Government
College and University System
•
Support of government labs
•
•
Grants to universities or private
research labs
•
Primary funder of basic
research (~53% of all U.S.
basic research) but only
conducts a small fraction of all
the basic research in the U.S.
Conduct about half of all the basic
research in the U.S. but fund a
relatively small amount of this
research
Private Sector
•
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Funds and conducts most of the
applied R&D activity
2009 business R&D share of the
U.S. total was 62%
The Research “Ecosystem”
Federal
Government
Trained workers
Research to commercialization
Private Sector
Colleges and
Universities
Funding for research
Royalties
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Competitiveness and Innovative Capacity
Why collaborate? To what value?
• To improve and increase efficiencies
• To meet previously identified policy, development, or
infrastructure goals
• To effectively identify barriers to scientific innovation and
competitiveness in the global marketplace
• To create value for investors
• To educate students and contribute to the development of a
well-trained workforce
• To create and disseminate knowledge
• To provide goods and services
• To drive innovation and expand the state-of-the-art
• To foster economic development
• And ultimately, to realize a win-win for all involved parties
It’s important to
PARTNER WITH A PURPOSE
Building Trust and Mutual Understanding
Really Matters and Takes Time
Keys to successful collaboration
• Shared vision – supports the mission of each partner
• Clarity regarding the distinct and additive roles of
each partner
• Commitment to a long-term relationship
• Frequent and effective communications
• Creativity and resilience in overcoming obstacles
and removing transactional barriers
• Humility and honesty
• TRUST
Federal Programs that Encourage Collaboration
and Speed the Movement of Ideals from Basic Science Lab
to Commercial Application
(non-exhaustive list)
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The Department of Commerce’s i6 Challenge Grants
The Administrations’ Advanced Manufacturing Partnership (AMP)
NIH’s new National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
(NCATS)
NSF’s recently established I-Corps program
NSF’s Partnerships for Innovation (PFI) program
NSF’s Industry/University Cooperative Research (I/UCRC) program
NSF’s Grants Opportunities for Academic Liaison with Industry
(GOALI) program
Two congressionally mandated small business research programs:
SBIR and STTR
Government-University-Industry Research
Roundtable (GUIRR)
•
Joint body of the NAS, NAE, and IOM
•
Created in 1984 “to convene senior-most representatives from
government, university, and industry to define and explore critical
issues related to the national and global science and technology
agenda”
•
Roundtable convenes 3x yearly in Washington, DC
•
Meetings designed around topics that are often newly emerging at the
leadership level in one sector but impact/involve/affect other sectors
Membership
•
COUNCIL MEMBERS: The three presidents of the National Academies, the
heads of major federal R&D agencies (for non-R&D agencies, the head of the
largest R&D-performing subdivision), and a small selection of university
presidents and industry CEOs as appointed by the National Academies
presidents.
NIH * NSF * DOD * USDA * FDA * DOC-NIST * DOC-NOAA *
EPA * DHS * NASA * DOE * OSTP * U.S. Dept. of State
•
COUNCIL ASSOCIATES: Designated by individual federal agency heads as
their alternate representative to GUIRR.
•
UNIVERSITY-INDUSTRY PARTNERS: Representatives from U and I with a
history of partnership and dedication to the research enterprise. Act, in effect,
as “antennae” to bring into discussion the most current ideas and issues facing
G-U-I research cooperation across the country.
– Join as paired partners
– Pay annual dues
– Currently 22 partner organizations (44 individual member organizations)
GUIRR U-I Partners
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Agilent Technologies Inc.
Battelle
The Boeing Company
Chevron Energy Technology Company
Dynetics
Elsevier
Hewlett-Packard
IBM
Intel Corporation
John Deere & Co.
Lockheed Martin Corporation
Mars, Inc.
Noblis
Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems
Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Raytheon Company
Semiconductor Research Corporation
Siemens
Southwest Research Institute (SwRI)
Textron Defense Systems
PENDING
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University of Michigan
The Ohio State University
Georgia Institute of Technology
University of Southern California
Auburn University
Purdue University
University of California-Los Angeles
Stanford University
University of California-Berkeley
Iowa State University
University of Maryland
University of California-Davis
George Washington University
Massachusetts Institute of Tech
California Institute of Technology
Washington State University
University of Massachusetts
University of Texas at Austin
Princeton University
University of Texas at San Antonio
Northeastern University
Drexel University
Recent Meeting Topics
•
Reimagining the University
•
Decision Making Under Risk and Uncertainty
•
Challenges and Opportunities of an Aging Population
•
The Impact of Social Networking and Crowdsourcing on Research, the Enterprise, and the Workforce
•
Charting a Return to ‘Way Out There’ Research and Risk-Taking at the Edges
•
Cybersecurity in the Coming Decade: Using Security to Support the Value of Intellectual Property
•
Geoengineering: Contemplating the Issues and the Need for Research
•
WATER: Quality, Quantity, and the Need for Innovative Technologies
•
Sensors: From Sea to Space – Innovations and Implications for the Future
•
Diminishing Natural Resources: Recognizing Limitations, Responding to the Challenges
•
Maximizing U.S. Returns on Shared Knowledge: Innovative Frameworks for Full Global Engagement
•
Perspectives on the ‘Global Food Crisis’ (Part II – emphasis on food safety)
•
Food Security – Global Challenges and Directions
•
New Partnerships on a Global Platform
•
Flying Over the Valley of Death: Accelerating from Discovery to Product
Current and Past Projects
• Special Interest Webinars
• International Research Collaborations (I-Group)
• Survey of Factors in Multinational R&D Location – Revisited
• Food Safety and National Defense
• Partnerships for Emerging Research Institutions
• Managing Large-Scale Data Sets
Policy and Global Affairs
(PGA)
Richard Bissell
GUIRR
Susan Sloan
www.nas.edu/guirr
Federal Demonstration
Partnership
(FDP)
David Wright
University-Industry
Demonstration Partnership
(UIDP)
Anthony Boccanfuso
Purpose: To reduce the administrative burdens
associated with research grants and contracts.
Purpose: To nourish and expand collaborative
partnerships between universities and industry
in the United States.
www.thefdp.org
www.uidp.org
Mission: Continually improve the culture of university-industry
relationships in order to increase the number and breadth of mutually
beneficial research collaborations and to enhance U.S. competitiveness
through deepened understanding and cooperation.
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The Challenge of Partnering –
Different Currencies
Universities
Education of Students
Creation of Knowledge
Dissemination of Knowledge
Industry
Create Value for Investors
Provide Useful
Goods/Services
Expand State of the Art
© 2009 Anthony Boccanfuso
19
Different Cultures
INDUSTRY
UNIVERSITY
• Protective
• Free exchange of ideas
• Proprietary
• Stewardship role of public
universities
• Tight, goal-driven timelines
• The “bottom line”
• Academic calendar
• Knowledge creation and
dissemination
• No bottom line
Source: Jennifer Murphy, Asst VP for Research and
Economic Development / Director, Technology Transfer,
George Mason University, 2011
Operational Goals
• Support organizations committed to high value, high
return university-industry partnerships
• Promote principled, transparent and timely
negotiations
• Pursue efficiency and effectiveness, seeking to
streamline transactions
• Maintain and grow a cross functional set of UIDP
projects and demonstrations that serve the needs of
the members and other interested parties who
sponsor and perform research
• Provide timely communications on relevant issues
A diverse and broad membership
UIDP Projects
Strategic
Business Advising
Webinars
Researcher Guide
Measures and Metrics
Successful projects &
demonstrations are at
heart of what UIDP
seeks to accomplish SPA*
Contract Accords/
on behalf of its
TurboNegotiator
Negotiation Workshops
members
Fed. Flow-Down Clauses
IP
Pharma Portal
Conflict of Interest
Export Control
* Sponsored Programs Agreements
© 2012 Anthony Boccanfuso
Regulatory
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Recent Projects
How do you leverage these diverse activities???
© 2009 Anthony Boccanfuso
Courtesy of Wayne Johnson
Contact Information
GUIRR: www.nas.edu/guirr
UIDP: www.uidp.org
FDP: www.thefdp.org
Susan Sloan
Director, GUIRR
ssloan@nas.edu
1-202-334-1706