LESSON ONE
CYLINDERS & CRANKCASE
1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME
1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME
The engine load carrying part that includes:
1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME
The engine load carrying part that includes:
 cylinder block
1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME
The engine load carrying part that includes:
 cylinder block
 crankcase
1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME
The engine load carrying part that includes:
 cylinder block
 crankcase
 bedplate or base
1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME
The engine load carrying part that includes:
 cylinder block
 crankcase
 bedplate or base
 sump or oil pan
1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME
The engine load carrying part that includes:
 cylinder block
 crankcase
 bedplate or base
 sump or oil pan
 end plates
1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME
The engine load carrying part that includes:
 cylinder block
 crankcase
 bedplate or base
 sump or oil pan
 end plates
2. THE DEFINITION OF A CYLINDER BLOCK
1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME
The engine load carrying part that includes:
 cylinder block
 crankcase
 bedplate or base
 sump or oil pan
 end plates
2. THE DEFINITION OF A CYLINDER BLOCK
A cast iron casing which encloses / houses cylinder liners &
supports heads.The heads are tightly secured by studs and nuts to
the cylinder block
3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE
3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE
The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides
space for it’s rotation.
3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE
The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides
space for it’s rotation.
3.1 MATERIAL
3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE
The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides
space for it’s rotation.
3.1 MATERIAL
 cast steel
3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE
The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides
space for it’s rotation.
3.1 MATERIAL
 cast steel
cast steel & welded steel plates
3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE
The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides
space for it’s rotation.
3.1 MATERIAL
 cast steel
cast steel & welded steel plates
3.2 LOCATION
3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE
The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides
space for it’s rotation.
3.1 MATERIAL
 cast steel
cast steel & welded steel plates
3.2 LOCATION
A column or frame, mounted on the bedplate, forms the engine
crankcase.
3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE
The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides
space for it’s rotation.
3.1 MATERIAL
 cast steel
cast steel & welded steel plates
3.2 LOCATION
A column or frame, mounted on the bedplate, forms the engine
crankcase.
3.3 CONNECTION
3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE
The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides
space for it’s rotation.
3.1 MATERIAL
 cast steel
cast steel & welded steel plates
3.2 LOCATION
A column or frame, mounted on the bedplate, forms the engine
crankcase.
3.3 CONNECTION
Bedplate to frames-by steel tie rods / long tie bolts
3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE
The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides
space for it’s rotation.
3.1 MATERIAL
 cast steel
cast steel & welded steel plates
3.2 LOCATION
A column or frame, mounted on the bedplate, forms the engine
crankcase.
3.3 CONNECTION
Bedplate to frames-by steel tie rods / long tie bolt
Cylinder covers to cylinder liners-by strong studs anchored in
the cylinder block ( M.A.N. )
3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION
3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION
3.4.1 Causes
3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION
3.4.1 Causes
Oil droplets are formed by oil splashing from the
bearings mix with air.This mixture does not readily burn
or explode unless there are overheated parts within the
crsnkcase & presence of fuel oil.
3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION
3.4.1 Causes
Oil droplets are formed by oil splashing from the
bearings mix with air.This mixture does not readily burn
or explode unless there are overheated parts within the
crsnkcase & presence of fuel oil.
3.4.2 Prevention
3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION
3.4.1 Causes
Oil droplets are formed by oil splashing from the
bearings mix with air.This mixture does not readily burn
or explode unless there are overheated parts within the
crsnkcase & presence of fuel oil.
3.4.2 Prevention
Proper maintenance, correct lubrication, cleanliness.
3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION
3.4.1 Causes
Oil droplets are formed by oil splashing from the
bearings mix with air.This mixture does not readily burn
or explode unless there are overheated parts within the
crsnkcase & presence of fuel oil.
3.4.2 Prevention
Proper maintenance, correct lubrication, cleanliness.
3.4.3 Safety arrangements
3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION
3.4.1 Causes
Oil droplets are formed by oil splashing from the
bearings mix with air.This mixture does not readily burn
or explode unless there are overheated parts within the
crsnkcase & presence of fuel oil.
3.4.2 Prevention
Proper maintenance, correct lubrication, cleanliness.
3.4.3 Safety arrangements
 Crankcase explosion relief valves;
3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION
3.4.1 Causes
Oil droplets are formed by oil splashing from the
bearings mix with air.This mixture does not readily burn
or explode unless there are overheated parts within the
crsnkcase & presence of fuel oil.
3.4.2 Prevention
Proper maintenance, correct lubrication, cleanliness.
3.4.3 Safety arrangements
 Crankcase explosion relief valves;
 Inert gas flooding system;
3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION
3.4.1 Causes
Oil droplets are formed by oil splashing from the
bearings mix with air.This mixture does not readily burn
or explode unless there are overheated parts within the
crsnkcase & presence of fuel oil.
3.4.2 Prevention
Proper maintenance, correct lubrication, cleanliness.
3.4.3 Safety arrangements
 Crankcase explosion relief valves;
 Inert gas flooding system;
 Crankcase mist detector
3.4.4 Consequences
3.4.4 Consequences
 Minor explosion, flames, pressure shock wave
3.4.4 Consequences
 Minor explosion, flames, pressure shock wave
( ruptures crankcase doors )
3.4.4 Consequences
 Minor explosion, flames, pressure shock wave
( ruptures crankcase doors )
 Major explosion – widespread damage.
3.4.4 Consequences
 Minor explosion, flames, pressure shock wave
( ruptures crankcase doors )
 Major explosion – widespread damage.
3.4.5 Actions
3.4.4 Consequences
 Minor explosion, flames, pressure shock wave
( ruptures crankcase doors )
 Major explosion – widespread damage.
3.4.5 Actions
Stop engine until it cools down.
4. BEDPLATE OR BASE
4. BEDPLATE OR BASE
4.1 DEFINITION
4. BEDPLATE OR BASE
4.1 DEFINITION
Main strenght part providing rigid support for the main bearings
and crankshaft.
4. BEDPLATE OR BASE
4.1 DEFINITION
Main strenght part providing rigid support for the main bearings
and crankshaft.
4.2 STRUCTURE
4. BEDPLATE OR BASE
4.1 DEFINITION
Main strenght part providing rigid support for the main bearings
and crankshaft.
4.2 STRUCTURE
 longitudinal box structures with stiffening members and webs
4. BEDPLATE OR BASE
4.1 DEFINITION
Main strenght part providing rigid support for the main bearings
and crankshaft.
4.2 STRUCTURE
 longitudinal box structures with stiffening members and webs
 transverse members or girders
4. BEDPLATE OR BASE
4.1 DEFINITION
Main strenght part providing rigid support for the main bearings
and crankshaft.
4.2 STRUCTURE
 longitudinal box structures with stiffening members and webs
 transverse members or girders
4.3 STRESSES
4. BEDPLATE OR BASE
4.1 DEFINITION
Main strenght part providing rigid support for the main bearings
and crankshaft.
4.2 STRUCTURE
 longitudinal box structures with stiffening members and webs
 transverse members or girders
4.3 STRESSES
 Heavy stresses in operation;
4. BEDPLATE OR BASE
4.1 DEFINITION
Main strenght part providing rigid support for the main bearings
and crankshaft.
4.2 STRUCTURE
 longitudinal box structures with stiffening members and webs
 transverse members or girders
4.3 STRESSES
 Heavy stresses in operation;
 While supporting the main bearings and bolts
4.4 FUNCTION
4.4 FUNCTION
 To support the frame and all working parts.
4.4 FUNCTION
 To support the frame and all working parts.
 To collect crankcase lubricating oil and return it to the
sump / draining tank.