HONORS CHEMISTRY Jan 30, 2013 Review Gp 1: +1 Gp 2: +2 Gp 3: +3 F = -1 H = +1 **O = -2 Element = 0 ** Gp 6 = -2 (unless paired with O or halogens) ** Gp 7 = -1 (unless paired with O or halogens) Brain Teaser H2C2O4 +KMnO4 CO2 + K2O + Mn2O3 + H2O Which atom is oxidized? Which atom is reduced? Find the oxidation number of Mn3(PO4) 2 What is the molar mass of Fe(OH) 3? Agenda Brain Teaser Grade Homework Unit 7 Notes Oxidation-Reduction Worksheet Review Oxidation-Reduction Mole Conversions “How many moles?!” Project Info Homework Bring Supplies Wednesday/Thursday Oxidation-Reduction Quizlet – Wednesday/Thursday Moles Worksheet Mole Conversions Are these moles? What is a mole? A unit of measurement Since the numbers in chemistry are so small, we use a “preferred unit of measurement” (mole) to represent the small number What are the units of measurement? "that equal number" of atoms randomly chosen. the number of atoms in the atomic weight in g of any element. the number of atoms in 16 g of oxygen, in 4 grams of He, in 32 g of sulfur, etc. the number of molecules in the molecular weight, in grams, of any compound. the number of molecules in 18 g of water, in 40 g of lithium carbide. Much later, a mole, that equal number, was found to be 6.022 x 1023(representative particles). Examples 1 mole (or abbr. mol) = 12.011 g of Carbon 1 mol of Carbon = 6.02 x 1023 atoms of C 1 mol of H2O = 6.02 x 1023 molecules of water 1 mol of NaCl = 6.02 x 1023 units of NaCl Figure 8.1: All these samples of pure elements contain the same number (a mole) of atoms: 6.022 x 1023 atoms. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company.All rights reserved. 8–5 Moles in mass 1 mole can equal the atomic weight of an element. 1mol of C = 12.011g of C 1 mole can equal the atomic weight of a compound 1mol of CO = 12.011g of C + 15.99 g of O = 28.0 g of CO Practice Problems How many grams of Cu are in 1.20 mol of Cu? How many moles are in 70g of Cl? Moles in compounds Let’s say you have water aka. H2O How many moles of Hydrogen atoms(ions) are in water? Ask yourself how many individual atoms of Hydrogen do you see in water? Did you say 2??? Is that your final answer? You are correct! So how many mols of Oxygen atoms do you see? Moles in an equation 2 H2 + O2 2H2O How many moles of Hydrogen molecules are in the reactants? *Coefficients serve as the number of moles too! Therefore, there are 4 mols of Hydrogen gas NOPE!!!! Fooled you.. 2 mols of Hydrogen gas Molecules Atoms Units Mole Conversion Boomerang Mole Conversions Mass to mole or vice versa: How many moles are in 24 g of Carbon? Look at the boomerang: Start with the given: 24 g (mass) of C What do you want in the end? Moles of C Use the conversion factor given: 1 mole Atomic mass 24 g of C x 1 mol of C = 2.0 mol of Carbon 12.011 g of C White Boards Given 200 g of water, how many mols of water do you have? How many grams of carbon monoxide are in 1.5 mols of carbon monoxide? More conversion Mole to atoms/molecules/particles or vice versa How many atoms are in 2.00 mols of Carbon? Look at the boomerang: Where do you begin? (the given: mols) What do you need in the end? (atoms: particles) What’s the conversion factor? 6.02 x 1023 Atoms of C 1 Mols of C 2.00 mols of C x 6.02 x 1023 atoms of C = 1.20 x 1024 atoms C 1 mol of C White boards How many molecules of oxygen gas are in 3.0 mols of Oxygen gas? How many mols of Oxygen gas are in 4.67 x 1024 molecules of Oxygen gas? More conversion Mole to volume of gas or vice versa What is the volume occupied by 2 mols of hydrogen gas? Look at the boomerang: Where do you begin? (the given: mols) What do you need in the end? (volume of gas) What’s the conversion factor? 22.4 L of H2 1 Mols of H2 2.00 mols of H2 x 22.4 L of H2 = 44.8 L of H2 1 mol of H2 White boards Convert 4.38 moles of He to liters Convert 3.01 L of N to moles Practice Must show work (dimensional analysis) How many grams are in 1 mol of Mercury? Given a 1.5 mols of carbon dioxide, how many molecules of carbon dioxide do you have? Mole Conversions 2 Step Process (Refer to chart) How many atoms are in 2L of Oxygen gas? Where do you begin? (the given: Volume) What do you need in the end? (atoms) How many conversion factors do we need? Volume to moles Moles to atoms 2 L x 1 mole x 6.02x1023 atoms of O2 = 5.38 x 102 22.4 L 1 mole atoms Practice How many formula units are there in 98 g of Potassium hydroxide? How many grams are there in 4 x 1024 molecules of Iron (II) chloride? How many molecules are there in 15 L of Cl2 gas? What is the volume of gas (in L) in 5 x 1025 molecules of O2? Partner BrainQuest Determine the oxidation number of each element in the following compounds: (a) BaO (b) Fe3(PO4) 2 (c) (NH4) 2O (d) CS2 Determine which element is oxidized and which is reduced when lithium reacts with nitrogen to form lithium nitride. 6Li + N2 2Li3N Pogile Activity Understand what is meant by percent composition by mass of a compound Ability to determine the percent composition by mass of a compound Pogile Activity Task 1 Percent of boys present today Task 2 Determine the percent of sugar in the gum Task 3 DO NOT place gum directly on the electronic balance!!! Dispose gum properly! Methane Exercises