Unit 6 Test: Age of Revolutions
Name:____________________________________________________
1. All of the following policies of England's King George III contributed to the outbreak of the American
Revolution, EXCEPT ....
a. his refusal to allow the colonists representation in Parliament
b. his support for mercantilist economic policies
c. his refusal to provide sufficient troops to protect the colonists from French and Indian raiders
d. his use of taxation on the colonists to recover the expense of the Seven Years War
2. Which of the following was an event which helped cause the first armed encounter between American colonists
and British troops at the Battles of Concord and Lexington?
a. The Battle of Yorktown
b. The Louisiana Purchase
c. The enactment of the Intolerable Acts
d. The signing of the Declaration of Independence
3. All of the following were actions taken by the Second Continental Congress following the Battles of Concord
and Lexington, EXCEPT ....
a. Issuing the Olive Branch Petition
b. Forming the Continental Army under the command of George Washington
c. The drafting of the U.S. Constitution's Bill of Rights
d. The signing of the Declaration of Independence
4. What did author Thomas Paine accomplish with his 1776 publication of the pamphlet "Common Sense"?
a. He convinced the British to abandon their war against the Americans
b. He convinced the Native Americans to support the American colonists over the British
c. He convinced many undecided American colonists to support the Revolution over the king
d. He convinced the French and Spanish to rally international support for the American cause
5. In 1776, Thomas Jefferson drafted a document which laid out the American colonists' complaints against King
George III and explained the actions that they were willing to take to protect their “unalienable rights” to
“Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.” What was this document?
a.
b.
c.
d.
The
The
The
The
Articles of Confederation
United States Constitution
Declaration of Independence
Bill of Rights
6. What was accomplished by the 1783 Treaty of Paris?
a. The US was formally recognized as an independent nation by the British
b. The US received "most favored nation" status with regards to British trade
c. The French government offered the US its protection against the British
d. The French withdrew their military support of the US in exchange for trading privileges with the British
7. Why is
a.
b.
c.
the American Revolution generally considered to have been a "conservative" movement?
Because it led to radical improvements in the living conditions of the poorest Americans
Because the "Founding Fathers" were in no way inspired by the ideals of the Enlightenment
Because it was motivated by a desire to protect the wealth and privileges of middle and upper class
Americans
d. Because it led to the development of a democratic-republican form of government for the U.S.
8. French society at the time of the French Revolution was divided into three "estates" or social classes. Who
made up each estate?
a. First Estate = clergy, Second Estate = nobles, Third Estate = everyone else
b. First Estate = the royal family, Second Estate = land owners, Third Estate = everyone else
c. First Estate = nobles and clergy, Second Estate = merchants and artisans, Third Estate = peasants
d. First Estate = those who supported the king, Second Estate = those who were undecided, Third Estate
= those who opposed the king
9. All of the following were examples of France's economic problems before the French Revolution, EXCEPT:
a. Poor harvests had created a grain shortage, driving up the cost of food
b. French colonists overseas were refusing to pay taxes in protest of having no representation in the
Estates General
c. France had fought many unsuccessful wars, including the Seven Years War, in recent decades
d. The king spent lavishly on clothes, parties, and the maintenance of his palace at Versailles
10. Which of the following statements BEST describes what happened after King Louis XVI attempted to dissolve
the Estates General?
a. The Estates General rallied the people of Paris into open rebellion against the king, forcing the king to
use military force to suppress the revolt
b. The Estates General swore to continue to meet under the Tennis Court Oath, eventually producing a
new French constitution called the Rights of Man and Citizen
c. Representatives from the First and Second Estates refused to obey the king and continued to meet,
going on to write a new constitution known as the Articles of Confederation, while representatives of
the Third Estate fled in fear of the king's wrath
d. Admitting defeat, the Estates General dissolved itself but the Paris Commune erupted into violent
protest over the king's actions
11. Which
a.
b.
c.
d.
of the following statements became the motto of the French Revolutionary movement?
Liberty, Equality, and Brotherhood
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness
Give Me Liberty, Or give Me Death!
The Tree of Liberty Must Be Watered From Time To Time With The Blood of Tyrants and Martyrs
12. What structure did the citizens of Paris attack on July 14, 1789, marking the beginning of the violent phase of
the French Revolution?
a. The Bastille
b. The Louvre
c. The Palace of Versailles
d. The Arc de Triomphe
13. During the Reign of Terror, a new form of execution became so popular that it was used to kill 40,000 people
in Paris alone, including King Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette. What was this new means of execution?
a. Stoning
b. The guillotine
c. Drawing and Quartering
d. Firing Squads
14. Which of the following rulers was the MOST responsible for the atrocities committed during the Reign of
Terror?
a. Maximilien Robespierre
b. Napoleon Bonaparte
c. Louis Napoleon
d. Francois Touissant L'Ouverture
15. During the Reign of Terror, the Revolutionary government of France changed street names, reconfigured the
calendar, and confiscated land and property; all of these actions were aimed at disempowering ...
a. the nobility
b. the Catholic Church
c. the peasants
d. the bourgeoisie (middle class)
USE THE FOLLOWING CHART TO ANSWER QUESTIONS 16 THROUGH 18:
16. During
a.
b.
c.
d.
which revolution did these executions occur?
French
Haitian
American
Mexican
17. Using the pie chart, what percentage of people killed came from the 1st estate?
a. 7%
b. 8%
c. 28%
d. 31%
18. Which
a.
b.
c.
d.
class suffered the most executions?
Working class
Middle Class
Peasants
Nobility
19. What charismatic general seized control of the French government in a coup d'etat in 1799 and quickly
restored France's position as a major world power?
a. Antoine Lavoisier
b. Napoleon Bonaparte
c. Louis Phillipe
d. Francois Touissant L'Ouverture
20. Napoleon made all of the following reforms during his reign as French emperor, EXCEPT ...
a. the removal of Revolution-era price controls on products such as bread
b. requiring the government to hire based on merit rather than family connections
c. built many new roads and canals to promote trade and move troops quickly
d. modernized the French legal system by creating a code of law which applied equally to everyone
21. How did Napoleon win the support of the peasants?
a. He allowed them to keep all of the lands which they had seized during the Revolution
b. He excused all peasants from mandatory military service
c. He abolished serfdom and slavery
d. He built many new churches in every major town in France
22. Which
a.
b.
c.
d.
of the following BEST describes Napoleon's "Continental System"?
A plan for conquering Austria, Prussia, and Russia and adding them to his empire
A trade embargo against England, which Napoleon forced on the other European states
A plan to link every major European city together using the newly invented railroads
The new legal code created by Napoleon to replace the outdated laws of the Revolutionary era
23. During the French invasion, the Russians took advantage of the enormous size of their nation by practicing a
policy of destroying everything which might be of any use to the French as the Russian army retreated deeper
and deeper into the countryside. This left Napoleon's troops unable to live off the land and drew them further
and further away from their supply lines. What is this type of strategy known as?
a. sweep and keep policy
b. shock and awe policy
c. scorched earth policy
d. Russian roulette policy
24. What was the outcome of Napoleon's invasion of Russia?
a. The French army suffered catastrophic losses during the Russian winter due to freezing cold
temperatures and starvation
b. Napoleon's men refused to fight after seeing how superior the Russian army's firepower was
c. Napoleon conquered nearly all of Russia and returned triumphantly to Paris with a fortune in looted
treasure
d. Napoleon was forced to quickly abandon his invasion to deal with a rebellion back home in France
25. After Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo, the leaders of Europe gathered at the Congress of Vienna to decide
Europe's future. Which nation did they decide should replace France as the premiere power in Europe?
a. England
b. Austria
c. Prussia
d. No one; instead, they struck a balance of power between the major states of Europe which they hoped
would help prevent future conflicts
26. How did Napoleon's misfortunes end up helping the young United States?
a. Napoleon sold the U.S. the Louisiana Territory
b. Napoleon was unable to defend Puerto Rico from American takeover
c. The U.S. used an alliance against Napoleon as a way to become friendly with England once again
d. U.S. merchants made huge war profits from supplying Napoleon's army with weapons
27. All of the following contributed to the outbreak of the French Revolution of 1848, EXCEPT ...
a. Increased corruption within the government
b. An economic recession which led to high inflation and unemployment
c. A series of bad harvests which resulted in a sharp increase in the price of bread
d. France's involvement in an extremely unpopular foreign war against Mexico
28. Which of the following states once produced 40% of the world's sugar before winning its independence as a
result of history's only successful slave rebellion?
a. Mexico
b. Haiti
c. Venezuela
d. Jamaica
29. Which of the following MOST accurately represents the role of white colonists in Haiti after the end of the
Haitian Revolution?
a. They were allowed to continue to serve in professional trades such as medicine and law
b. They were banned from owning property and discouraged from living in or even visiting the country
c. They were killed on sight for "crimes against humanity"
d. They re-enslaved the black population and resumed control of the government
30. How did the actions of Napoleon in Europe affect Latin America?
a. France assumed control of Spain's colonies in the Americas
b. Napoleon, who had already outlawed religion in France, banned the Catholic Church in Spanish
American colonies as well
c. Napoleon forced an end to slavery throughout the Latin American world
d. After France conquered Spain, Spain's colonies in the Americas began to declare independence
31. Mexican leader Benito Juarez understood that, in order to promote democracy and "equality for all," the state
must limit the political influence of the ...
a. middle and upper classes
b. military and Church
c. big businesses and political parties
d. poor and uneducated
32. Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin, who each helped liberate numerous colonies from Spanish rule, both
dreamed of uniting the various countries that made up ...
a. Central America
b. North America
c. South America
d. The Caribbean
33. Why are the Latin American revolutions generally regarded as "failed" revolutions, despite the fact that these
nations won their independence?
a. They did nothing to protect the "natural rights" of their citizens
b. They failed to make any significant changes in the lives of their poorest citizens
c. They failed to establish democratic governments
d. They failed to protect the upper and middle classes from the tyranny of the poor majority
34. What do the American Declaration of Independence and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and
Citizen have in common?
a. Both outline a series of natural rights
b. Both are sets of explicitly codified laws
c. Both are inherently religious documents
d. Both call for the overthrow of the king
35. A study of revolutions would most likely lead to the conclusion that pre-Revolutionary governments ...
a. were more concerned about human rights than the governments that replace them
b. refused to modernize their armed forces with advanced technology
c. attempted to bring about the separation of government from religion
d. failed to meet the political and economic needs of their people