LABORATORY GUIDE
NATURAL SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
GIMNASIO LOS PINOS
Elaboro: Jefe Ciencias
Aprobó: Dir SGC
Fecha de
emisión:
9-Jun-10
Código:
GCU-LAB-03
Versión.1
Página 1 de 3
LABORATORY GUIDE
No. 1.2
MICROSCOPE
TEACHER: ____________________________________________ GRADE: _____ DATE: ____________
GROUP NAMES:
OBJETIVE:

Students will develop understanding about the microscope types and uses and will be able to use
it to carry out practical experimental in the laboratory.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK:
The microscope:
•
A microscope is an instrument for viewing objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye. By using a
microscope, we can enlarge the images of these objects and living beings, making it possible to find out more
about their structures and the way they function.
•
Before the microscope was invented, people thought there was nothing smaller than the smallest things that could
be viewed with the human eye. Then early microscope designers like Robert Hooke changed all that. Robert
Hooke made a microscope out of two lenses placed at opposite ends of a long tube. The tube was attached to a
stand, and an oil lamp provided light. Hooke also added a mirror to focus the light onto the object being examined.
He used his microscope to magnify visible things like fleas. Other scientists began examining living things, called
microorganisms that were never seen before.
Today, most microscopes are called compound microscopes, and use two lenses for greater magnification. The
upper lens is called the ocular lens or eyepiece, and the lower lens (or lenses, as there may be a choice of sizes) is
called the objective lens. When an image is formed it is actually magnified twice. First, the image is formed at the
bottom by the objective lens. Then the image is projected through a tube and magnified again by the eyepiece at
the top. The image is always upside down, so what you see through a microscope shows up as the opposite of
what you are doing. Any movement of the object also shows up in the opposite way. When you move an object to
the right, it appears to move to the left, and when you move it up, its image moves down.
•
Follow these directions when using the microscope:
•
To carry the microscope grasp the microscopes arm with one hand. Place your other hand
under the base.
Place the microscope on a table with the arm toward you.
•
Turn the coarse adjustment knob to raise the body tube.
•
Revolve the nosepiece until the low-power objective lens clicks into place.
•
Adjust the diaphragm. While looking through the eyepiece, also adjust the mirror until you see
a bright white circle of light.
• Place a slide on the stage. Center the specimen over the opening on the stage. Use the stage
clips to hold the slide in place.
•
•
Look at the stage from the side. Carefully turn the coarse adjustment knob to lower the body tube until the low
power objective almost touches the slide.
•
Looking through the eyepiece, VERY SLOWLY the coarse adjustment knob until the specimen comes into focus.
•
To switch to the high power objective lens, look at the microscope from the side. CAREFULLY revolve
the nosepiece until the high-power objective lens clicks into place. Make sure the lens does not hit the slide.
•
Looking through the eyepiece, turn the fine adjustment knob until the specimen comes into focus.
LABORATORY GUIDE
NATURAL SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
GIMNASIO LOS PINOS
Elaboro: Jefe Ciencias
Aprobó: Dir SGC
Fecha de
emisión:
9-Jun-10
Código:
GCU-LAB-03
Versión.1
Página 2 de 3
MATERIALS:

Lab coat, goggles, gloves, notebook, pencil, workshop, microscope, sides, coverslip, water, dropper.
PROCESS:
Activity 1: Parts of the Microscope.
Match the different parts of the microscope with their corresponding function by writing the numbers into the parenthesis.
1. Eyepiece
2. Nosepiece
3. Adjustment knob
4. Stage clip
5. Light source
6. Objectives
7. Diaphragm
8. Base
9. Arm
10. Stage
11. Body tube
A.
Small platform where the specimen is mounted for examination (
)
B.
The bottom of the microscope, used for support
(
)
C.
Supports upper part of the microscope
(
)
D.
Located on the stage, adjust the amount of light passing into the (
slide
)
E.
Combination of lenses at the viewing end of optical instruments (
)
F.
Located on the side of the frame, used to adjust the focus of the (
microscope
Holds the slide in place on the stage.
(
)
)
I.
The lens or system of lenses in a microscope that is nearest the (
object being viewed.
Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses
(
)
J.
Light or mirror that projects light through the diaphragm.
(
)
K.
It is supported by the upper part of the arm. Holds two or more
objective lenses and can be rotated to change power
(
)
G.
H.
Activity 2:




Turn on the microscope and then rotate the nosepiece to click the red-banded objective into place.
Place a slide on the stage and secure it using the stage clips. Use the coarse adjustment knob (large knob) to
get it the image into view and then use the fine adjustment knob (small knob) to make it clearer.
Once you have the image in view, rotate the nosepiece to view it under different powers. Draw what you see on
your worksheet!
When you are done, turn off the microscope and put up the slides you used.
Activity 3: How to make a wet-mount slide …





Get a clean slide and coverslip from your teacher.
Place ONE drop of water in the middle of the slide. Don’t use too much or the water will run off the edge and make
a mess!
Place the edge of the cover slip on one side of the water drop.
Slowly lower the cover slip on top of the drop.
Place the slide on the stage and view it first with the red-banded objective. Once you see the image, you can rotate
the nosepiece to view the slide with the different objectives. (write your observations in the collated data chart)
)
LABORATORY GUIDE
NATURAL SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
GIMNASIO LOS PINOS
Elaboro: Jefe Ciencias
Aprobó: Dir SGC


Fecha de
emisión:
9-Jun-10
Código:
GCU-LAB-03
Versión.1
Página 3 de 3
Take two slides with different specimens and observe them with your naked eye (write your observations in the
collated data chart)
Place the slides on the stage and view them first with the red-banded objective. Once you see the image, you can
rotate the nosepiece to view the slide with the different objectives. (write your observations in the collated data
chart)
COLLATED DATA:
ELEMENT
OBSERVED WITH NAKED EYES (WITHOUT
THE MICROSOCOPE)
BIBLIOGRAPHY.


https://www.google.com.co/#q=microscope
http://www.eduplace.com/kids/sla/6/microscope.html
OBSERVED WITH THE MICROSCOPE