Bone Markings
SLO 1.8
Projections
 Head – Rounded, knob like end separated from the rest
of the bone by a slender region, the neck
 Process – a large projection of a bone, such as the
superior process of the ulna in the forearm that
creates the elbow
 Condyle – a rounded projection; a small
projection above a condyle is an epicondyle
Condyle of the
mandible
 Crest – a distinct border or ridge, often rough,
such as over the top of the hip bone
 Spine – a sharp projection from the surface of a
bone, such as the spine of the scapula (shoulder
blade)
Depressions
 Foramen – a hole that allows a vessel or a nerve
to pass through or between bones.
 Sinus – a cavity or hollow space. Most
commonly, air-filled chamber found in
some skull bones.
 Fossa – a depression on a bone surface.
 Meatus – a short channel or passageway, usually the
external opening of a canal. An example is the channel
in the skull’s temporal bone that leads to the inner ear.