SER and ESTAR
“to be”
SER = TO BE
When we speak English, we are
constantly conjugating verbs.
Conjugating means changing the form of
the verb to fit with the subject.
SER = TO BE
So when you want to use “I” as your
subject and want to use “to be” as the
verb, you say “I am.”
SER = TO BE
In English, “To Be”
is conjugated in
this way 
In English, you are
changing the verb
each time
depending on the
subject.
SAME WITH
SPANISH! 
I AM
WE ARE
YOU ARE
X
HE / SHE/ IT IS
THEY ARE
SER = TO BE
First, it is important to know the
subjects in English.
I
We
You
X
He/ she/ it
they
SER = TO BE
Then, it is important to know the
subjects in Spanish.
I = yo
We = nosotros/nosotras
You = tú
X
He/ she/ you(formal)=
él/ ella/ Usted
ellos (they masc)
they = ellas (they fem)
ustedes (all of you)
To Run
I run
We run
You run
X
He/ she/ you(formal)
runs
they run
I = yo
We = nosotros
You = tú
INFORMAL
X
He/ she/ you(formal)=
they = ellos / ellas/
ustedes (all of you)
él/ ella/ Usted
SER = TO BE
“Ser” changes its form based on its
subject.
Remember “Soy de Richboro.”….
SER = TO BE
Yo SOY
(means I AM)
Nosotros SOMOS
(means WE ARE)
Tú ERES
(means YOU ARE)
X
él/ ella/ Usted ES
(means HE IS,
SHE IS, you formal
ARE)
ellos / ellas/ ustedes
SON
(means THEY (masc) ARE,
THEY (fem) ARE, ALL OF
YOU ARE)
SER = TO BE
1. So, what does “Soy de Richboro”
mean?
I am from Richboro
What does “Eres de Richboro” mean?
You are from Richboro.
What does “Somos de Richboro”
mean?
We are from Richboro.
ESTAR = to be
For now, you simply need to know that
SER is for more permanent things, and
ESTAR is for things that change, like
location and feelings.
Práctica
1. “I am from Pennsylvania.”
____________________________.
2.“We are from Council Rock.”
____________________________.
3. “Where are you from?”
_______________________________.
4. “Where are they from?”
________________________________
Práctica
1. “I am from Pennsylvania.”
Yo soy de Pensilvania
2.“We are from Council Rock.”
Nosotros somos de Council Rock.
3. “Where are you from?”
¿De dónde eres tú?
4. “Where are they from?”
¿De dónde son (ellos)?
AGUAS! (careful)
What if your subject does not specifically
say yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, or
ellos, ellas, ustedes?!?!?!?!
you must consider what the subject is.
For example, if you want to say Juan is
tall, you must think of Juan as being
“He,” and use the “he” form, because it
is third person singular.
AGUAS! (Careful)
So you would say “Juan es alto.”
“es” is the third person singular form of
SER.
AGUAS! (Careful)
What does “we” mean? It means “he and
I” or “you and I” or “they and I.”
So if you ever see something like “Ellos y
yo” or “Tú y yo” or “Carla y yo”, what
form should you use? The “We” form!
AGUAS! (Careful)
So “You and I are from Richboro” would
be Tú y yo somos de Richboro.”
“somos” is the “we” form of SER.
Práctica
1. Carlos _______________ tenista. (Ser)
2. Ellas _______________ francesas. (Ser)
3. El perro _______________ grande. (Ser)
4. Yo no _______________ marinero. (Ser)
Práctica
1. Carlos _es_ tenista. (Ser)
2. Ellas _ son _ francesas. (Ser)
3. El perro _ es _ grande. (Ser)
4. Yo no _ soy__ marinero. (Ser)
1. Él ______
2. Las chicas _______
3. Nosotros _________
4. Mi madre ___________
5. Mis amigos ____________
6. Yo ___________
7. Tú _________
8. Usted ___________
9. Ustedes ____________
1. He is ____________
2. They are (fem) _______________
3. All of you/you guys are ____________
4. She is _______________
5. We are ____________
6. John and I are _____________
7. Pedro and Amalia are ______________
8. I am _______________
9. Are you? ________________
10.You formal are ___________________
ESTAR
But now that you know how to
conjugate SER, let’s see how you
do with ESTAR!!!
ESTAR
The subjects do not change.
I = yo
We = nosotros
You = tú
X
He/ she/
you(formal)=
they = ellos / ellas/
ustedes
él/ ella/ Usted
ESTAR
However, the formation is a bit different.
Yo ESTOY
Nosotros ESTAMOS
Tú ESTÁS
X
Él/ ella/ Usted ESTÁ
ellos / ellas/ ustedes
ESTÁN
ESTAR
You already have heard one form of
“ESTAR.”
Do you remember what it is?
ESTAR
Oh, Sí! “¿Cómo estás?”
That means “How are you?”
Estás is the “tú” form, which is “you,”
so the question is finding out how “you are
/ are you.”
ESTAR
Yo ESTOY
(means I am)
Nosotros ESTAMOS
(means we are)
Tú ESTÁS
(means you are)
X
él/ ella/ Usted ESTÁ
(means he is, she
is, you formal are)
ellos / ellas/ ustedes
ESTÁN
(means they are
[masc], they are
[fem], all of you are
ESTAR
Based on the chart:
1. How would you say, “I am fine, thanks.”
2. How would you say, “We are fine.”
3. How would you say, “Are you okay?”
4. How would you say, “You are doing soso.”
AGUAS! (careful)
What if your subject does not specifically
say yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, or
ellos, ellas, ustedes?!?!?!?!
you must consider what the subject is.
For example, if you want to say Juan is
here, you must think of Juan as being
“He,” and use the “he” form, because it
is third person singular.
AGUAS! (Careful)
So you would say “Juan está aquí.”
Same thing with SER: “Juan es de
México,” because “es” is the third person
singular form of SER.
AGUAS! (Careful)
What does “we” mean? It means “he and
I” or “you and I” or “they and I.”
So if you ever see something like “Ellos y
yo” or “Tú y yo” or “Carla y yo”, what
form should you use? The “We” form!
AGUAS! (Careful)
So “You and I are here” would be Tú y yo
estamos aquí.”
Same thing with SER: “You and I are from
Richboro” would be “Tú y yo somos de
Richboro,” because “somos” is the “we”
form of SER.
So then…..
1. What form would you use for the subject
“Gabriella?”
él/ ella/ Usted!
Gabriella ______(ser) bonita.
Gabriella es bonita.
What about …….
Tú y yo __________(Estar) enfermos.
It means “you and I” which equals “we”
which makes us go to…
ESTAMOS!
Tú y yo estamos enfermos.
Practiquemos!
yo
nosotros
tú
X
él/ ella/ Usted
ellos / ellas/ ustedes
ESTAR
1. Él ______
2. Las chicas _______
3. Nosotros _________
4. Mi madre ___________
5. Mis amigos ____________
6. Yo ___________
7. Tú _________
8. Usted ___________
9. Ustedes ____________
1. He is ____________
2. They are (fem) _______________
3. All of you/you guys are ____________
4. She is _______________
5. We are ____________
6. Ana and I are _____________
7. Mariana and Kike are ______________
8. I am _______________
9. Are you? ________________
10.You formal are ___________________