Chemistry Study Guide
1. What makes up an atom?
• Atoms are made of
protons, neutrons
and electrons
2. How is an atom and element
related?
• An atom is the
smallest unit of an
element and an
element contains
atoms that are all
identical.
3. What is a chemical reaction and how are
reactants and products involved?
• A substance is
changed into one
or more new
substances.
Reactants combine
to form products.
4. What is an ionic bond?
• An ionic bond is
when one ore more
electrons are
transferred to
another atom. The
change in the
atoms’ charges
cause the ions to be
attracted.
5. What is a covalent bond?
• A covalent
bond is when
one or more
electrons are
shared.
6. What does organic chemistry mean?
• Organic
chemistry is the
chemistry of
carbon and life.
7. What is the chemical formula for
water?
• The chemical
formula for water is
H2O.
• Draw the structure
of a water
molecule.
8. What is polarity and explain how
water is a polar molecule.
• A polar molecule has
a slightly positive
charge at one end
and a slightly
negative charge at
the other end.
• Water is slightly
negative around the
oxygen and slightly
positive near the
hydrogens.
9. What is a hydrogen bond and what
causes it?
• A hydrogen
bond is when a
hydrogen
molecule is
attracted to a
slightly
negative atom.
10. What is cohesion?
• Cohesion is when
similar molecules
are attracted to
each other.
• Water molecules
are attracted to
other water
molecules.
11. What is adhesion?
• Adhesion is when
different molecules
are attracted to
each other.
• Water molecules
are attracted to
other molecules.
12. What is a solution?
• A solution is a
mixture where a
solute is
dissolved in a
solvent.
13. What is a solute?
• A solute is a
substance the is
dissolved in a
solvent.
14. What is a solvent?
• A solvent is a
substance
that dissolves
another
substance.
15. What is an acid?
• Acids are substances that are proton donors
(hydrogen ions) or electron acceptors
• Have a pH between 0 and 7
• Vinegar, Lemon Juice and stomach fluids.
16. What is a base?
• A base is a substance that is a proton acceptor
(hydrogen ions) or electron donor.
• Has a pH between 7 and 14
• Tums, Soap and Ammonia
17. What is a pH Scale?
• A pH scale shows
how acidic or
basic an
substance is
based on a
concentration of
hydrogen ions.