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Get Grids
Take out Planners & Homework
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Take out notebooks
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-create P15L
Warm-Up: Political Cartoon (15L)
Warm-Up: Analyze the political cartoon P15L
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What do you see?
What is it trying to saying?
Who are the protesters? Why are the protesting?
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(think about Independence after WWII/Africa-look back at your notes)
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Road to Independence
INDIA
INDIA
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Located south of Asia
7th largest country
2nd most populous country
Gained Independence in
1947
Colonization
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Europeans became interested in India
through exploration and trade (natural resources)
Great Britain colonized India
GB allowed local Indian princes to keep their
throne only if they were loyal to Britain
While in control, Great Britain:
• gave more rights to the British in India than the
Indians
• Forced Indians to pay taxes to Britain
• Took the profits from Indian crops and products
United They Stand…(rise of Indian Nationalism)
Indians founded in 1888
Indian National Congress (INC)
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• Members mostly Hindu Indians
• Goal: to gain equal rights
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After WWII India began working toward
becoming an independent nation.
INC united with Muslim League (ML)
• Formed to help fight for Independence
• Represented Muslim minority in India
Mohandas Gandhi
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the most famous
member of the INC
Best known for leading
India toward
independence
Used nonviolent
resistance against
British to grant
independence
• Marches
• Boycotted British products
• Refused to pay taxes
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Civil Rights Activist
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Born October 2, 1869
in India
Mohandas Gandhi
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1888 studied law in London
1907 lived in South Africa
• Fought for civil rights of Muslim and Hindu
Indians in South Africa
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1915 returned to India to joined INC
Assassinated by Hindu Nationalist
• could not forgive Gandhi for his belief that
Muslims were equal to Hindus
• Gandhi died January 30, 1948 (78 yrs old)
Gandhi's Salt March
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March 12, 1930
Most famous march
Nonviolent protest against Britain's
salt tax
After Independence
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The INC and the ML
split over major issue:
• Hindu Indians would
control government
• ML feared discrimination
if Hindus took charge
• Demanded India be split
into two independent
countries
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one Hindu and one Muslim
India vs. Pakistan (After Independence)
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Great Britain divided territories
between Hindus and Muslims
Land with Hindu majority
became India
Land with Muslim majority
became Pakistan
Muslims moved to Pakistan
Hindus moved to India
10 million people
displaced
• 1 million killed during forced
migration
Conflict Over Kashmir
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Small region in the northwest
At time of independence, prince of
Kashmir was Hindu
Though most people in Kashmir were
Muslim, prince declared Kashmir a part of
India
Led to uprisings, revolts, and eventually
war between India and Pakistan
Land was divided between both countries
Imperialism in India DBQ
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Paste the questions on P 15N
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With your group read Documents 1-8
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Answer the questions on P 15N
• Continue P15N to next page if needed
Brain Pop
Mohandas Gandhi
4-24/4-25
http://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/famoushistoricalfig
ures/mahatmagandhi/
Warm-Up
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COPY & ANSWER the question
on P15
Who was Mohandas Gandhi?
Why was he an important leader of
during Indian Independence
movement?
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(5+ sentences)
Use notes to remember what you just saw in
the video & learned last class.
Mohandas Gandhi P15 N
passage
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Use the passage to fill in the blanks.
Mohandas G__n__h__ helped I__d__a gain self-rule by
using n__n -v__o__e__t protest. Gandhi was a l__w__e__
who initially practiced in S__u__h A__r__c__. He spoke to
I__d__a__s living in South Africa about h__m__n rights
and urged them to pr__t__s__ unjust l__w__. One he
returned to I________, Gandhi championed the rights of
the un__o__c__a__l__s. He said they had been
b__e__s__d by their s__f__e__i__g. Gandhi renamed the
untouchables the h__r__j__n, which means
“c__i__d__e__of g__d.” Gandhi urged the I__d__a__
people to pr__t__s__ British rule through non-v__o__e__t
civil d__s__b__d__e__c__. He began wearing Indian
c__o__h__n__ that he s__w__d himself. The people of
India began to call Gandhi the M____________, which
means “great s__u__.” Gandhi was a H__n__u, but he
was very d__s__p__o__n__e__ by p__r__i__i__n and the
v__o__e__c__. He went on a f__s__, which stopped
rioting in D__l__i and C__l__u__t__. A few d______ later,
Gandhi was a__s__s__n__t__d by a H________ who did
not want p__a__e.
Modern India - Government
World’s Largest Democracy
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Parliamentary government
• Unlike GB, does not have a king or queen
(monarch)
• Parliament, or legislature, consists of many
political parties
• Party with most seats elects Prime Minister
Structure of Parliament
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Divided into 2 Houses
• Lok Sabha – House of
the People
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Elected by people
Serve 5-year terms
• Rajya Sabha – Council
of the States
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12 members
Elected by the president
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Heads of State
• President
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Ceremonial position
Signs bills into laws
Names Prime Minister
Appoints Rajya Sabha
• Prime Minister
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Most powerful position
Leads Council of
Ministers
Oversees daily work of
government
5-year term
Solutions to Challenges
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Government is working to solve many
of the problems caused by
overpopulation
• Campaigns to persuade people to have
fewer children
• Offer women opportunities for education
and jobs
• Improve education system, especially in
rural areas
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Education = better jobs = more money =
better opportunities for healthcare, jobs, and
housing
Modern India
Family Life
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Live with extended families
Women move in with husband’s
family
Marriage is union of two families
Parents often choose spouses
Village vs. Urban Life
Village Life
Varies across country
Houses built with:
•Mud
•Brick
•Bamboo stilts
No electricity or running water
is common
Often children learn job of the
parent
Ensures stability of village
Sometimes children choose to
move to city
Can earn money to send back
home
City Life
Centers for creativity and
technology development
Cities are overpopulated:
•Mumbai – 18 mil.
•Kolkata – 14 mil.
•Bangalore – 5 mil.
Shortage of housing, jobs,
transportation, and services
High poverty rate
Many live in slums:
•Shacks
•No running water/ electricity
•Uncontrolled sewage
•Disease
Popular Culture
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Bollywood
• Largest movie industry in the world
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5 million industry workers
Produced in 52 languages
• Based on myths and folktales
• Feature song-and-dance routines
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Sports
• Most popular is cricket
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11 players
Uses a wicket and a ball
• Also play soccer and hockey
India’s Economy
-Agriculture
-Industries
-Global Trade
-Technology
Agriculture
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Largest industry in India
½ of land used for farms
Average sizes 1-5 acres
Most farms use plows and
ox
Major crops:
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•
•
•
•
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•
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Rice
Wheat
Oilseed
Cotton
Tea
Sugar cane
Jute
Many struggle to survive
on what they produce
Solutions/Advancements:
•Dividing land more equally
•Green Revolution
•Seeds that produce more
crops
•Fertilizers
•Pesticides
•Irrigation
Industry
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Industry = manufacturing of a good
Many natural resources in India
Other major Industries:
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Iron ore/Coal = steel
Cloth (cotton) – major product
Chemicals
Processed foods
Transportation equipment
Cement
Precious gems and metals
Cottage Industries
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Workers produce goods from home
Millions are a part of this industry
Goods produced include:
• Textiles
• Brassware
• Jewelry
• Leather goods
• Matches
• Incense
Technology
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Fastest growing industry
Develop computer software
• Over 1,000 companies
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Many U.S. businesses base technical
support out of India
• High percentage of Indians available
that speak English
• Highly skilled
• Wages/salaries lower than in U.S.