Organ Systems
Levels of Organization
• Plants and Animals are both classified as
multicellular organisms – composed of
multiple cell types that all work together to
allow the organism to function properly.
– The levels of organization within multicellular
organisms are: (from simplest to most complex)
Simplest
Most Complex
Cells
• Cells are the basic units of life!
– You have about 200 different types of cells that
make up the trillions inside you.
• Each different type of cell must work with each of the
other types to allow an organism to grow, develop,
repair, reproduce and remain healthy.
Cells & Their Functions
Plant Cells
Animal Cells
• Xylem – moves water
• Phloem – moves nutrients
• Parenchyma– regulates
water loss.
• Sclerenchyma – protection
& support.
• Collenchyma –
photosynthesis & support.
• Red blood cells – carry
oxygen
• White blood cells – fight
disease & infection
• Neuron – carry electrical
messages
Cells Working Together
• Cells of the same kind and work to do the
same job create Tissue.
Plant Tissues:
• Vascular Tissue = xylem &
phloem
• Ground Tissue – parenchyma,
collenchyma & sclerenchyma
cells
• Dermal Tissue – Parenchyma &
sclerenchyma cells
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Animal Tissues:
Connective Tissue – bone, fat
& blood
Nervous Tissue – neurons
Smooth Muscle
Blood Tissue – red and white
blood cells, platelets & plasma
Tissues Working Together
• Groups of similar tissues that work together
to perform a job create Organs.
Plant Organs
Organ
Tissues
Leaf
Epidermis & vascular
systems
Flower
Epidermis & vascular
systems
Stem
Epidermis & vascular
systems
Roots
Epidermis & vascular
systems
Tissues Working Together
• Groups of similar tissues that work together
to perform a job create Organs.
Organ
Lungs
Heart
Stomach
Intestines
Tissues
Connective tissue,
muscular tissue &
nervous tissue
Muscular tissue,
connective tissue &
nervous tissue
Muscular tissue,
connective tissue &
nervous tissue
Muscular tissue,
connective tissue &
nervous tissue
Lungs
Human Organs
Brain
Ears
Liver
Heart
Pancreas
Stomach
Large
Intestine
Small Intestine
Kidneys
Bladder
Organs Working Together
• Organs working together to perform a set of
related tasks create Organ Systems.
Shoot System
Root System
Organ System Functions - Plants
Shoot System Functions
Root System Function
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Photosynthesis
Reproduction
Storage
Transport
Hormones
Shoot
System
Anchorage
Absorption
Storage
Transport
Hormones
Root
System
Human Organ Systems
Excretory
Immune
Organ System Functions - Human
System
Function
Skeletal System
Protects and supports the body.
Supports the body and enables it to
Muscular System
move.
Receives, breaks down, transports and
Digestive System
absorbs food throughout the body.
Carries needed substances to the cells
Circulatory System of the body while carrying waste
products away from the cells.
Brings oxygen into and removes carbon
Respiratory System
dioxide from the body.
Organ System Functions - Human
System
Function
Excretory System
Collects and removes waste products from
the body.
Communicates information throughout the
body and controls the body’s response to
stimuli.
Produces chemical messengers, hormones,
that help to regulate and control many of
the body’s internal functions.
Nervous System
Endocrine System
The body’s defense system against disease
causing organisms.
Reproductive System Produces new individuals of the same type.
Immune System
Organ Systems Working Together
• Organ systems working together to perform
all the basic functions of life create an
Organism.
Human
Plant