DNA Study Guide
Question 1
The cells that make up the skin of an individual have
some functions different from the cells that make up
the liver because
a. all cells have a common ancestor.
b. different cells have different genetic material.
c. environment and past history have no influence on
cell function.
d. different parts of genetic instructions are used in
different types of cells.
Question 1 Notes
• All of your cells have the same DNA (No B)
• Cells do not have ancestors (No A)
• The environment can influence phenotype
(height – air quality, sex of sea turtles) (No C)
• Not all genes are expressed in every cell only
parts are depending upon the cell and its
location. (Yes D)
Question 2
Fruit flies with the curly-wing trait will develop straight
wings if kept at a temperature of 16°C during development
and curly wings if kept at 25°C. The best explanation for
this change in the shape of wings is that the
a. genes for curly wings and genes for straight wings are
found on different chromosomes.
b. type of genes present in the fruit fly is dependent upon
environmental temperature.
c. environment affects the expression of the genes for this
trait.
d. higher temperature produces a gene mutation.
Question 2 Notes
• Genes for the same trait as we know are
found on the same chromosomes. (No A)
• The gene itself is not dependent upon the
temperature. (No B)
• A mutation would cause an abnormal change.
(No D)
• The environment can influence how genes are
expressed (Yes C)
Question 3
The production of certain human hormones by
genetically engineered bacteria results from
a. inserting a specific group of amino acids into the
bacteria.
b. combining a portion of the human DNA with the
bacterial DNA and inserting this into bacteria.
c. crossing two different species of bacteria.
d. deleting a specific amino acid from human DNA
and inserting it into bacterial DNA.
Question 3 Notes
• Genetic engineering is when a gene from one
organism is inserted into the DNA of another
organism and it expresses that gene.
– Example: bacteria can produce human insulin
– This means only choice B can be correct
Question 4
Which phrase does not describe cells cloned
from a carrot?
a. They are genetically identical.
b. They are produced sexually.
c. They have the same DNA codes.
d. They have identical chromosomes.
Question 4 Notes
• Clones are identical (same genes, same DNA,
same chromosomes) So, A, C, and D are then a
No and only choice B is left.
Question 5
Genes involved in the production of abnormal
red blood cells have an abnormal sequence of
a. ATP molecules.
b. amino acids.
c. sugars.
d. bases.
Question 5 Notes
• ATP and sugars have nothing to do with
mutations or changes in DNA. (No A or C)
• We learned that gene mutations result from a
change in a base. (This makes D a better
choice than B).
• All proteins, traits, genes, etc. can be traced
back to the order of bases in DNA (Yes D)
Question 6
Klinefelter’s syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by
the presence of an extra chromosome in the body cells
of humans. This extra chromosome occurs in the
gamete as a result of
a. an error in the process of cloning.
b. an error in meiotic cell division.
c. a gene mutation.
d. replication of a single chromosome during mitosis.
Question 6 Notes
• When chromosomes fail to separate during
meiosis, this is called nondisjunction. It can
cause genetic disorders such as Klinefelter’s,
Turner’s, and Down syndrome. Makes only
choice B correct.
Complete the rest of the study guide and check
your answers.