World History: Lesson 34: Nineteenth Century Art
Artist
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ROMANTICISM: Roughly 1750 – 1850; Art designed to provoke a strong emotional response and to celebrate man as a creature of warm emotions rather than of
cold logic; A rejection of the new science and reason of the Industrial Revolution; Often promoted patriotic sentiments or celebrated the awesomeness of nature
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REALISM: Art designed
to show the world as it
really is
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Artists often
sought to
improve the
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Gathered anthologies of Germanic folk tales
Published Grimms’ Fairy Tales beginning in 1812, with regularly updated editions
every few years as they gathered more stories
Developed the “Byronic hero” which would become a hallmark of Romantic
literature – a dark, brooding, and often violent hero who still has the ability for
doing good and loving deeply
English novelist
Student of Lord Byron
Wrote Frankenstein
Charlotte: Wrote Jane Eyre
Emily: Wrote Wuthering Heights
Anne: Wrote Agnes Grey
French
Wrote Les Miserables and The Hunchback of Notre Dame
French
Wrote The Three Musketeers, The Man in the Iron Mask, and The Count of Monte
Cristo
American
Wrote The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, Rip van Winkle
Perfected the short story as a serious genre
American
Wrote The Scarlet Letter
Wrote largely on man’s tendency to sin, resulting in his work being called “dark
romanticism”
American
Wrote Moby Dick
Focus was primarily on sea yarns
American
Wrote many poems and short-stories in the horror genre: The Raven, The Black
Cat, The Cask of Amontillado, The Fall of the House of Usher, The Pit and the
Pendulum, The Murders in the Rue Morgue, The Tell-Tale Heart
German
Composer of 9 full symphonies as well as various other pieces
Highly experimental in his music, defying established classical conventions
Continued to compose music even after he had gone completely deaf
Polish
Most of his works are etudes for the piano
Much of his work celebrated his Polish heritage
German
Wrote mainly operas, most of which celebrated German history or folklore
Openly racist and anti-Semitic, his works would be re-popularized under the Nazi
regime
English
Wrote Oliver Twist, A Tale of Two Cities, Great Expectations, A Christmas Carol
Much of his work focused on the suffering of the poor in London
American
Wrote Tom Sawyer, Huckleberry Finn
American
Wrote The Red Badge of Courage
IMPRESSIONISM: Art designed to
show only the impression of things,
not the full details of realism
POST-IMPRESSIONISM: Art has a variety of
styles, usually using sharp lines, bright colors
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French
Considered the master of the Impressionist movement
Masterworks: paintings of Rouen Cathedral and Waterlilies
French
Many of his paintings were of ballet dancers
French
Many of his paintings were of the working poor
French
Painter and sculptor
Many of his paintings were of Parisian high society
Dutch
Considered the master of the Post-Impressionist era
Produced over 2000 pieces
Cut off his own ear due to depression, later committed suicide by shooting
himself in the chest
Masterworks: Starry Night
French noble
Suffered from a growth disease (Toulouse-Lautrec Syndrome)
Many of his works focused on nightclubs like the Moulin Rouge
French
Masterworks: A Sunday on La Grande Jatte
French
Much of his later work was completed on the Pacific island of Tahiti
Norwegian
Developed a new form of Post-Impressionism called Expressionism
His work was denounced by the Nazis as “degenerate” and banned in the 1930s
Masterworks: The Scream