Explain the function of the
sensory register
Uses part of the brain stem
known as the reticular
activation system (RAS) and
the thalamus which screens
the data from the senses to
determine their importance
to the individual.
The sensory register goes
through a process called
perceptual or sensory
filtering.
Pg. 40
State two functions of the
hippocampus
Explain the importance of
sense and meaning to
learning
Relate the cognitive belief
system to learning
Learning that involves sense
and meaning is likely to be
stored in long-term
memory. It is unlikely for
something that does not
have sense or meaning to
get stored in long-term
memory. Memory can
happen without meaning or
sense but it is less likely to
occur.
Tell you the functions of the
immediate memory
Also known as short-term
memory. Holds data for
about 30 seconds. The
importance of the
information is determined
by the individual’s
experiences. If the
information is not
important it will drop out of
immediate memory.
Tell you the functions of the
cerebellum
The ability of the human
brain to combine individual
items in many different
ways. It is how we perceive
the world.
The cerebellum coordinates
movements. Is important
for learning, performance,
and timing of complex
motor tasks.
Encodes information and
sends it to one or more
long-term storage areas.
The hippocampus is hippo
librarian : ) Decides where
to store long-term
memories
“Belle” or Miss Cerebellum
is the secretary in charge of
all the details.
Define windows of
opportunity
Windows of opportunity
represent important
periods in which the brain
responds to certain types of
input to create or
consolidate neural
networks. If that type of
input is not given during
that time, then the person
will never develop that skill.
Explain how the brain
prioritizes incoming
information
Explain what is meant by
the “novel” brain
The amygdala encodes an
emotional message.
The brain is scanning the
environment for novelty. It
responds to what is unique
and different.
Tell you the functions of the
cerebrum
The cerebrum controls
thinking, memory, speech,
and muscular movement.
“Brum” or Mr. Cerebrum is
the boss of thinking,
memory, speech, and
muscular movement.
Touch, taste, sight, hearing,
smell, Proprioceptive
Survivor value is top
priority. Emotional
experiences. The learners
past experiences (sense and
meaning).
Explain the function of the
amygdala
It stores the emotional part
of a memory, regulates
emotions, and makes
emotional connections
between memories.
Name the senses
Describe the time limits of
the working memory
Ebbinghaus concluded that
working memory lasted up
to 45 minutes.
Russell showed that
working memory was age
dependent and could range
from 5-10 minutes for
preadolescents and 10-20
minutes for adolescents and
adults before boredom or
fatigue became factors.
Provide an example of how
self-concept affects
learning
It is the way we view
ourselves. It is shaped by
past experiences. Their
experiences can impact
their acceptance or
rejection of new learning.
Explain synapses
Synapses are where one
nerve cell connects to
another nerve cell (though
they do not touch).
Neurotransmitters go from
one cell to another at the
synapses.
Explain the meaning of
sensory preferences
People prefer to learn by
one sense as opposed to
another. This results in
auditory, visual, kinesthetic
and other learners. Each
type of learner will behave
differently during learning.
Explain the value of humor
in learning
Humor enhances the
climate, promotes mental
health, relieves stress and
therefore helps with the
classroom community. In a
lesson humor can be used
as an attention-getter
which results in increased
retention.
Describe the capacity limits
of working memory
It is dependent on the
person’s age. Children
under 5 have the capacity
of 1-3 chunks, ages 5-14 can
process 3-7 chunks, and
ages 14 and older can
process 5-9 chunks.
To increase the amount of
information to be processed
in working memory, make
bigger chunks.
Explain chunking
Chunking is the process
where the brain perceives
several items of information
as a single item. Patterns,
sequence, and categories
are common ways to chunk
information.
Explain what is meant by
emotional control
Emotional control is
developed between 2-30
months of age. It has to do
with the emotional and
rational system evaluating
how to get the owner what
they want. It can be
influenced by parents, and
it is difficult to retrain
someone when they are
older. The ability of a
person to use your own
emotions to make
decisions. And it includes
the perception of others
emotions.
Read emotions and know
what to do with that.
Describe the sources of
brain research
What was learned in the
past (behaviorist model).
The new sophisticated
medical equipment (CT,
PET, MRI, MEG) has showed
more brain work.
Explain the function of
neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters excite or
inhibit the neighboring
neuron. There are over 100
different neurotransmitters
that have been discovered
so far.
Explain the function of longterm memory
Long-term memory refers
to the process of sorting
and retrieving information.
Long-term storage refers to
where in the brain the
memories are kept.
Explain closure
Describe a neuron
Closure is a way that a
learner’s working memory
summarizes for itself a
perception of what has
been learned.
A neuron is a nerve cell. It
has thousands of branches,
called dendrites, emerging
from its core. Information is
transferred along a long
fiber called an axon. A
myelin sheath surrounds
each axon.