EUNAVFOR MED
OPERATION SOPHIA
COSAC, 30th Nov.
Rear Admiral HERVE BLEJEAN
AGENDA
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Background
Mission
Overview and current situation (Phase 2A)
Phase 2B
Phase 3
Conclusions
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BACKGROUND
• 18 April - 700 migrants died off the Libyan coast.
• Europe decided to re-evaluate its approach towards the
migration problem.
• 20 April - extraordinary EU Joint Foreign and Home Affairs
Council summit.
Crisis
Management
Concept
30 April
Council
Decision to
establish the
Operation
18 May
Council
Decision to
launch the
Operation
22 June
Full
Operational
Capability
Council
Decision to
move Phase
2 (high seas)
27 July
14 Sept.
UNSCR 2240
(Phase 2
high sea)
9 Oct.
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THE TEN POINT ACTION PLAN
Ten Point Action Plan
1.
Reinforce the Joint Operations in the Mediterranean, namely Triton and Poseidon;
2.
A systematic effort to capture and destroy vessels used by the smugglers;
3.
EUROPOL, FRONTEX, EASO and EUROJUST will work closely to gather information on
smugglers modus operandi, to trace their funds and assist in their investigation;
4.
EASO to deploy teams in Italy and Greece for joint processing of asylum applications;
5.
Member States to ensure fingerprinting of all migrants;
6.
Consider options for an emergency relcoation mechanism;
7.
An EU wide voluntary pilot project on resettlement;
8.
Establish a new return programme for rapid return of irregular migrants;
9.
Engagement with countries surrounding Libya;
10. Deploy Immigration Liasion Officers (ILO) in key third countries, to gether intelligence
on migratory flows and strengthen the role of the EU Delegations
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EUNAVFOR MED MISSION
Undertake systematic efforts to identify, capture and
dispose of vessels and enabling assets used or suspected
of being used by migrant smugglers or traffickers,
in order to contribute to wider EU efforts to disrupt the
business model of human smuggling and trafficking
networks in the Southern Central Mediterranean
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SEARCH AND RESCUE (SAR)
SEARCH AND RESCUE IS NOT PART OF THE MISSION
HOWEVER
WE HAVE A LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY UNDER
INTERNATIONAL LAW AND A MORAL RESPONSIBILITY
TO DO SO
TO 26 NOVEMBER, EUNAVFOR MED HAS SAVED OVER
5723 LIVES
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ORGANISATION CHART
EEAS
HR/VP(MOGHERINI)
FOREIGN AFFAIRS COUNCIL
EUMS
CMPD
EUMC
PSC
OP CDR – OHQ ROME
FCDR – FHQ
SURFACE
AIR
ON BOARD
ITS CAVOUR
165 Personnel
(20 Nations)
65 Personnel
(12 Nations)
LOGISTIC BASES
ITS CAVOUR
ESP P3B
FGS BERLIN
LUX MPRA
FLS - PANTELLERIA
FR MPRA
FOB - SIGONELLA
FGS AUSBURG
FLB - AUGUSTA
HMS ENTERPRISE
SPS CANARIAS
PV TRIGLAV
EUNAVFOR MED:
1600 Personnel
22 Nations
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ASSETS FOR PHASE 2A (HIGH SEAS)
Assets
Type
ITS CAVOUR
Aircraft Carrier
FGS S. HOLSTEIN / AUGSBURG
Frigate
HMS RICHMOND
Frigate
BNS LEOPOLD
Frigate
ESPS CANARIAS
Frigate
FS COURBET
Frigate
HMS ENTERPRISE
Surv. Ship
SNS TRIGLAV
Patrol Vessel
FGS BERLIN
Supply Ship
LUX MERLIN III
MPRA
ESP P3 ORION
MPRA
HS TBD
AEW
FALCON 50M
MPRA
Nationality
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THE LUXEMBOURG CONTRIBUTION
ME3 MPA
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Date of INCHOP 17 JUL 2015;
131 days in Operation “SOPHIA”;
57 ISR missions;
22 migrant boats detected;
LUX MPA detachment: 6 Crew deployed in Sigonella.
Very useful contribution to the main objective of the mission since
the beginning of the participation.
JOA AND AOO
1300 KM
JOA
AOO
2400 KM
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OPERATION GENERAL OVERVIEW
PHASE 1: DEPLOY AND ASSESS
Enhancing understanding of s/t business model
PHASE 2: SECURE
ALPHA in IW
BRAVO in IW + TTW
UNSCR 2240 (2015)
Additional UNSCR and Libyan consent
Stopping, Boarding and Searching the vessels, its cargo and persons on board
to collect info/evidence
If evidence indicates that suspicion of smuggling activity is found:
• seize the vessel and temporarily apprehend persons on board
• divert the vessel and/or conduct persons on board to a designated port
Denying freedom of movements to the smugglers, deterring and disrupting the
criminal business model.
PHASE 3: DISRUPT
Neutralise migrant smugglers/traffickers vessels and other enabling assets
through limited and temporary special and amphibious operations. At the end of
Phase 3, s/t will be reduced to a level manageable by individual Coastal States.
UNSCR and Libyan active cooperation
PHASE 4: END OF MISSION
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GUIDING PRINCIPLES
EUNAVFOR MED is :
• Not a blockade of North Africa.
– Not an operation against Libya.
• No civilian casualties.
– No third party damage.
• Phase 2A : UNSCR 2240
• Phase 2B
– invitation by the Libyan Authorities
– UNSCR.
• Phase 3
– active cooperation with the Libyan Authorities
– UNSCR.
EUNAVFOR MED is not a combat mission but a law enforcement operation
involving military assets within a strong and strict legal framework.
MIGRATION FLOW
+ 1451% (2014)
Eastern/Balkan 580 305 79%
Route
†559 = 0.1%
- 8% (2014)
- 16% (2014)
3%2%
IRQ
8% 3%
PAK
23%
Central
Route
Western
Route
3 209
<1%
143 308
20%
†82 = 2.5%
SYR
†2 870 = 2.0%
24%
18%
IRN
7%
3%
3% 5%
Source migrants: FRONTEX (17 NOV)
Source deaths:
IOM Missing Migrants (18 NOV)
OTH
61%
17%
12%
3% 4% 4%
AFG
ERI
SOM
NGA
SYR
GMB
SEN
SDN
MLI
BNG
UNK
OTH
CENTRAL ROUTE DENSITY
Lampedusa
Zuwarah
EGYPTIAN
FLOW
9%
91%
AOO
Very low
Low
Tripoli Qarabulli
Sabratah
Medium
High
Misrata
Very high
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CENTRAL ROUTE DENSITY
Lampedusa
Zuwarah
Sabratah
Tripoli
Qarabulli
Misrata
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HUMAN SMUGGLERS
SMUGGLER ACTIVITES
Attempt to recover sinking fishing vessel
Another recovery attempt
Successful recovery of a wooden boat
Recovered boat undergoing repairs in Libya
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OUTREACH ACTIVITIES
International Organisations EU Organsiations
UN SG Chef de Cabinet
UN DPKO
UN DPA
UN OMA
FRONTEX
EUROPOL
EUROJUST
UNODC
UN HCR
UNICEF
OHCHR
EASO
UNSMIL
EUTM Somalia
EUTM Mali
EULPC Tunisia
EUBAM Libya
Arab League
African Union
EUNAVFOR ATALANTA
Minister of Foreign Affairs
Commander of the Algerian Naval Forces
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Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Director of International Relations (MOI)
Commander of the Coast Guard
Director of Operations, Tunisian Navy
Egypt
Other Organisations
Médecin Sans Frontieres
Save the Children
MOAS
ICRC
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Tunisia
IOM
NGOs
Third Countries
Algeria
NATO (Marcom Northwood)
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Minister of Interior
Minister of Foreign Affairs
Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces
Turkey
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Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Ministry of Defence
USA
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Department of State
Department of Defence
US Coast Guard
AFRICOM/EUCOM
Libya
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GNA Senior Minister
Navy / Coast Guard
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SHared Awareness and DEconfliction in
Mediterranean – SHADE MED
First meeting held in
Rome on 26th
November 2015
Share best practice
and informally discuss
and de-conflict
activities
80 representatives from 36 different
organisations/countries: 39 civilians and 41 militaries all
working in the Mediterranean basin
Share some initial views and
agree the terms of reference
for future similar initiatives
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KEY OUTCOMES
• Key Regional States and Organisations want to be regularly informed of
progress and in advance of key decision points
• We must address the root causes of the problem, not just prevent migrants
from crossing the Mediteranean illegally
• Libyan invitation to obtain a UN Security Council Resolution for phase 2B and in
addition Libyan active cooperation for phase 3
• Engage the Libyan authorities (first meeting scheduled on 24 Nov in Tunis)
• Train and develop the Libyan Navy and Coastguard
• Encourage people to undertake legal activities by providing them with
alternative livelihoods
• No collateral damage
• No permanent presence on the ground (ATALANTA model)
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PHASE 2B (TERRITORIAL WATERS)
Stopping, Boarding and Searching the vessels, its cargo and persons
on board to collect information and evidence. If evidence of
suspicion of smuggling activity is found: seize the vessel and
temporarily apprehend persons on board, divert the vessel and/or
conduct persons on board to a designated port. Denying the
smugglers’ freedom of movement, deterring and disrupting their
business model
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PHASE 3
Neutralise migrant smugglers/traffickers vessels and other enabling
assets through limited and temporary special and amphibious
operations. At the end of Phase 3, s/t will be reduced to a level
manageable by individual Coastal States
=> Strong coordination with libyan actors
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INTELLIGENCE GAPS
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TANGIBLE EFFECTS
• Effective demonstration of EU political will and
solidarity
• Key regional states and organisations engaged and
generally supportive of Op. SOPHIA
• Suspected smugglers arrested by Italian authorities
following EUNAVFOR MED intervention: 43
• Number of boats destroyed: 46
• Migrants rescued: 5723
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SUMMARY
Key points are:
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Comprehensive Approach must work
Continue Outreach
Engage the Libyan authorities to have active and
positive cooperation
The legal framework
Sufficient assets for the operation
Cooperation with other operations in Libya and in the
AOO
Capacity building of Libyan Navy and Coast Guard
Identify alternative livelihoods to replace smuggler
incomes
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QUESTIONS?
Rear Admiral HERVE BLEJEAN
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