DISCLOSURE
1. No planner, presenter, faculty, authors, or content expert has
identified a conflict of interest that would affect the educational
activities.
2. No commercial interest has provided financial or in-kind
support for this educational activity.
3. The Arkansas Nurses Association has provided financial or inkind support for this educational activity in the form of printing
and food costs.
4. Neither ANCC, SCAP, or ARNA endorse any commercial
products discussed/displayed in conjunction with this educational
activity.
South Central Accreditation Program (SCAP) is accredited as a
provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses
Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation.
Elizabeth Sloan Davidson MSN, RN, CNE
Kimberly Hill DNP, APRN, FNP-C
University of Arkansas at Little Rock
THE ROLE OF AUTHENTIC
LEADERSHIP IN REDUCING
NURSING WORKPLACE
BULLYING BEHAVIORS
Purpose
 Purpose: The purpose of this activity
is to enable the learner to discuss
thoughts on what authentic
leadership is and how this method
of leadership could positively affect
nursing workplace bullying
Objective #1
 The learner will describe how
nursing workplace bullying affects
nurses’ health and the health of
patients.
Workplace Bullying
Defined:
 “Work place behavior that could reasonably
be considered humiliating, intimidating,
threatening or demeaning to an individual
or group of individuals, and that is usually
repeated over time.”
Cleary et al. (2009); Lachman (2014); Spence-Laschinger
(2014)
OR THIS DEFINITION
Workplace Bullying Defined:
 “Bullying is a situation where one or several
individuals persistently and over a period of
time perceive themselves to be on the
receiving end of negative actions from one or
several persons, in a situation where the target
of the bullying has difficulty defending him or
herself against these actions.”
Einarsen, Raknes, Matthieson, Hellesoy, Hoel (2009)
How many of you have experienced
bullying in the workplace?
A. Yes, as a victim
B. Yes, as a
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C. Yes, as both victim
and bystander
D. No, I have not
experienced
bullying
Workplace bullying has a direct
impact on nurses’ physical and
emotional health.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Somewhat Agree
D. Neutral
E. Somewhat
Disagree
F. Disagree
G. Strongly Disagree
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Workplace bullying has a direct
impact on patient health and
outcomes.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Somewhat Agree
Neutral
Somewhat
Disagree
F. Disagree
G. Strongly Disagree
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
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I believe management style has a
direct impact on prevalence rates
of workplace bullying.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Somewhat Agree
D. Neutral
E. Somewhat Disagree
F. Disagree
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G. Strongly Disagree
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Bullying Effects on Nurses
 Physical
 Headaches
 Anorexia
 Increased blood pressure
 GI upset/ nausea
 Disrupted sleep
Bullying Effects on Nurses
 Physical – cont’d
 Backaches
 Chronic fatigue
 Higher incidence of chronic illness
 Loss of libido
Bullying Effects on Nurses
 Psychological
 Anxiety
 Irritability
 Depression
 Panic attacks
 Low self-esteem
Bullying Effects on Nurses
 Psychological – cont’d
 Avoidance & withdrawal behaviors
 Symptoms of Post Traumatic
Stress Disorder
 Feelings of isolation
 Suicide ideation
 Suicide
Bullying Effects on
Patients
 Very little data regarding effects of
nurse bullying on patient health and
patient outcomes
 However, in bullying surveys, nurses
consistently relate nurse bullying to
decreased communication and subsequential poor or substandard
patient outcomes.
Cost of Bullying
 Besides the cost of turnover and
training, studies have shown
workplace bullying is the cause of
1/3-1/2 of stress related absences.
 Bullying in the workplace has an
estimated cost of $250 million
annually
I have called in sick to work
to avoid a workplace bully.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Somewhat Agree
Neutral
Somewhat
Disagree
F. Disagree
G. Strongly Disagree
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
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Objective #2
 The learner will discuss what authentic
leadership is and will describe ways to
utilize/implement authentic leadership
style in the nursing unit
Authentic leadership is the
same as transformational
leadership.
A. True
B. False
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Fa
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Tr
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Authentic Leadership
defined:
 The leader who encompasses 4 main
characteristics:
 Self-awareness
 Relational transparency
 Balanced processing
 Internalized moral perspective
Authentic Leadership
Inventory
 Used with permission
 Neider, L. & Schriesheim, C. (2011)
My leader clearly states
what he/she means.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
Di
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My leader shows consistency
between his/her beliefs and
actions.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
0%
St
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gr
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0%
gr
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Di
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Ne
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Ag
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E. Strongly Disagree
My leader asks for ideas
that challenge his/her core
beliefs.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
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E. Strongly Disagree
My leaders describes accurately
the way that others view
his/her abilities.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
0%
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E. Strongly Disagree
My leader uses his/her core
beliefs to make decisions.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
Di
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Di
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My leader carefully listens to
alternative perspectives before
reaching a conclusion.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
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E. Strongly Disagree
My leader shows that he/she
understands his/her strengths
and weaknesses.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
Di
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Di
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Ne
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Ag
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0%
My leader openly shares
information with others.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
Di
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My leader resists pressures on
him/her to do things contrary
to his/her beliefs.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
Di
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Di
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My leader objectively analyzes
relevant data before making
decisions.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
Di
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My leader is clearly aware of
the impact he/she has on
others.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
Di
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St
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ly
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My leader expresses his/her
ideas and thoughts clearly to
others.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
Di
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My leader is guided in his/her
actions by internal moral
standards.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
Di
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Di
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My leader encourages others to
voice opposing points of view.
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Neutral
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
Di
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Conclusions
 What type of leader are you?
 Can the Authentic Leadership style have a
positive effect on reducing workplace
bullying?
 How can each of us make a difference in
nursing workplace bullying?
Questions?????
 Thank you so much for
spending this time with
us today!