Taxonomic Classification Day 1
Ms. Steiner’s Pre-AP Bio
UTeach Teacher: Mr. Schocken
If you don’t use the name on your nametag…
just ask for a new one!
Our Agenda
Entry Challenge
K/NTK Sheets
Group Formation/Contracts
Group K/NTK & Class K/NTK
Shoe Classification Activity
Brief PPT w/ Outline
Group Research Time
Last Question & HW
Our Agenda
Entry Challenge
K/NTK Sheets
Group Formation/Contracts
Group K/NTK & Class K/NTK
Shoe Classification Activity
Brief PPT w/ Outline
Group Research Time
Last Question & HW
Entry Challenge/Discussion
THE QUESTION: WHAT IS MISSING FROM THIS PICTURE?
Think about: How do you know if an environment is healthy or not?
Is determining environmental
health important?
Your Driving Question
How can the classification of aquatic
invertebrates help us determine stream health
in our area?
Group Formations
This will be your group for today and the next 3
times we meet!
GROUP 1 ………………………………….. Orange Circle
GROUP 2 ………………………………….. Gold Star
GROUP 3 ………………………………….. Green Star
GROUP 4 ………………………………….. Silver Star
GROUP 5 ………………………………….. Blue Star
GROUP 6 ………………………………….. Red Star
Group Formations & Contracts
1) Come up with a group name!
–
Must be appropriate & bio-related –get creative!
2) Fill out Group Contract Form – 5 minutes
Split Point Activity…
Group contracts and
items can be stored
in your manila folder
How can the classification of aquatic
invertebrates help us determine stream health in our area?
KNOW
NEED TO KNOW
Color does not determine the
health of the stream… but it could
tell us something
Does the organism itself pollute
the environment?
Depending on the water quality,
some organisms will thrive and
others will not survive.
How do different species react to
pollution? (How do organisms
adapt – how can natural selection
play a role?)
What is considered to be “good”
water quality vs. “poor?”
Mutated organisms are in
unhealthy areas
Know the location of the stream
change or affect the quality (soil,
plants, is there runoff?)
Types of organisms – and how to
classify them??
WHO CARES?!?!?!?!
Shoe Classification Activity
INSTRUCTIONS
• In a clear area, sit in a circle with your group with each
person putting their shoe towards the middle.
• Discuss what questions you would need to ask in order
to classify each shoe as that particular type of shoe.
• You will construct your own classification scheme for
shoes and rotate to examine others & comment.
Shoe Images
How do we know what is what?
• TAXONOMY: The scientific discipline which
classifies organisms and assigns each one a
universally accepted name
• How do you think scientists are able to classify
so many different organisms?
Drosophila melanogaster Classification
Example
Naming Organisms
Example of original classification:
Plantago foliis ovato-lanceolatus pubescentibus,
spica cylindrica, scapo tereti
(Plantain with pubescent ovate-lanceolate
leaves, a cylindric spike and a terete scape),
which we know today as Plantago media.
Naming Organisms
• This naming system is OLD!
• Developed by Carolus
Linnaeus in the 1700s
– Binomial Nomenclature
– Use of latin names, which
should always be italicized
(Ex. Drosophila melanogaster, D.
melanogaster)
– What does each term
represent?
Naming Organisms
• This naming system is OLD!
• Developed by Carolus Linnaeus
in the 1700s
– Binomial Nomenclature
– Use of latin names, which should
always be italicized
(Ex. Drosophila melanogaster, D.
melanogaster)
– What does each term represent?
• Genus species
How Do We Choose What to ‘Key’?
• Your friend tells you that he or she
has keyed out a Helix aspersa from
a tree near their house, what do
they mean?
• The process of choosing or
creating a dichotomous key
involves separating organisms
based on particular features…
what does this word mean to you?
Basic Dichotomous Key Example
Basic Dichotomous Key Example
What about in populations that appear similar?
There are so many similarities…. but also so many choices! *
Shoes & Dichotomous Keys
• Was our shoe key dichotomous?
• How do we relate shoes to our driving
question?
– What would you think if you walked into your
closet for sandals and found that all you had were
snow shoes?
Open Research Time – Internet Access
Choose in your group who will be responsible for investigating
these two questions (3 members for A, 2 for B).
A) Describe one way we might be able to answer the driving
question? (with experimental detail)
B) Why is classification important to the scientific community?
(What are the uses?/ WHO CARES?)
Add your group answers to the back of your K/NTK Sticky!
Include Split Point Analysis for today
Individual Question
What do you think is the best way to answer the
driving question as of right now?
Answer on an index card and turn in – 3 min.
Homework for Friday –
Part of Final Project Grade
Choose one aquatic invertebrate that can be found
in streams
(Ex. Mayflies, Stoneflies, Leeches, Water Pennies,
Hellgrammites…)
Investigate and report the characteristics of this
organism, including discussion of what its
presence or absence means for stream health.
Picture & Paragraph
Taxonomic Classification Day 2
Ms. Steiner’s Pre-AP Bio
UTeach Teacher: Mr. Schocken
If you need a new name tent for any reason, just ask!
Agenda Today
Warm-Up Worksheet
K/NTK Class List Checkup
Homework Gallery
Things To Consider In The Field / Biotic Index
Fieldwork Demonstration & Rubric Discussion
Open Time: Fieldwork Materials, Workshop,
Dichotomous Key Creation Challenge &
Presentations
Assessment & S.P.A. (Both days)
How can the classification of aquatic
invertebrates help us determine stream health in our area?
KNOW
NEED TO KNOW
Color does not determine the health of
the stream… but it could tell us
something
Does the organism itself pollute the
environment? (HW)
Depending on the water quality, some
organisms will thrive and others will
not survive.
How do different species react to
pollution? (How do organisms adapt –
how can natural selection play a role?)
(Workshop)
Mutated organisms are in unhealthy
areas
What is considered to be “good” water
quality vs. “poor?” (Will Discuss Today)
Know the location of the stream
change or affect the quality (soil,
plants, is there runoff?) (Will Discuss
Today)
Types of organisms – and how to
classify them?? (Today!)
WHO CARES?!?!?!?! (HW)
On Site Observations
Not only should we identify organisms, but also
pay attention some physical parameters of the
stream itself….
Stream Bottom
Channel Structure
Riparian Zone
Aquatic Vegetation
Synthetic Structures
Stream Bottom & Vegetation
Any woody debris or dead leaves?
General color of the stream?
Opaque, clear, or in-between?
Describe any plant life you can find
in the water.
Riparian Zone
Channel Structure
Is the channel straight or meandering back and forth?
Riffle, pool, or run?
Synthetic Structures
VS.
Take note of any construction, sports fields, or other anthropomorphic effects
How can the classification of aquatic
invertebrates help us determine stream health in our area?
KNOW
NEED TO KNOW
Color does not determine the health of
the stream… but it could tell us
something
Does the organism itself pollute the
environment? (HW)
Depending on the water quality, some
organisms will thrive and others will
not survive.
How do different species react to
pollution? (How do organisms adapt –
how can natural selection play a role?)
(Workshop)
Mutated organisms are in unhealthy
areas
What is considered to be “good” water
quality vs. “poor?” (Will Discuss Today)
Know the location of the stream
change or affect the quality (soil,
plants, is there runoff?) (Will Discuss
Today)
Types of organisms – and how to
classify them?? (Today!)
WHO CARES?!?!?!?! (HW)
Biotic Index Calculations
Number of total organisms identified / 10 = X
Sum of Tolerance Values = Y
Y/X = Z
If Z > 79, Water Quality is…………….. EXCELLENT
If Z is between 60-79 ……………………GOOD
If Z is between 40-59 ……………………FAIR
If Z is <40 ……………………………………..POOR
Biotic Index Calculations
Number of total organisms identified / 10
=X
Sum of Tolerance Values = Y
Y/X = Z
If Z > 79, Water Quality is…… EXCELLENT
If Z is between 60-79 ……………………GOOD
If Z is between 40-59 ……………………FAIR
If Z is <40 ……………………………………..POOR
EXAMPLE:
You collect
7 Stonefly nymphs
10 Caddisfly larva
2 Aquatic Worms
2 Crayfish
8 Dragonfly nymphs
1 Mayfly nymph
Is your sample site ‘healthy’?
X=
Y=
Z=
Water Quality is __________
Biotic Index Calculations
Number of total organisms identified / 10
=X
Sum of Tolerance Values = Y
Y/X = Z
If Z > 79, Water Quality is…… EXCELLENT
If Z is between 60-79 ……………………GOOD
If Z is between 40-59 ……………………FAIR
If Z is <40 ……………………………………..POOR
EXAMPLE:
You collect
7 Stonefly nymphs
10 Caddisfly larva
2 Aquatic Worms
2 Crayfish
8 Dragonfly nymphs
1 Mayfly nymphs
Is your sample site ‘healthy’?
X=3
Y = 240
Z = 80
Water Quality is EXCELLENT!
OPEN TIME
Your group can decide how use this time to gain
information on how to answer your driving
question:
A) Become familiar with field materials
B) Up To 8 people can sign up for a Workshop
–
–
Hear from an expert in the field
Discuss adaptations, molecular evidence relating to evolution
C) Dichotomous Key for Aquatic Inverts Challenge
& Presentation
Workshop: Keys & Phylogeny
1) Quick Read – Andrew’s Story
2) Phylogenetic Trees
3) Molecular Evidence, What Do
Adaptations Mean?
Phylogenetic Trees
Monitoring DNA
What Can Adaptations Tell Us About
the Environment?
What kind of adaptation is it?
Would using adaptations to make
evolutionary trees be morphological or
molecular?
What other information can we get from
organisms that we may not be able to get from a
chemical analysis?