3
UNIT
2
Beat your fear
Section B
Objectives
When courage
triumphed over fear
To master the reading skill
To understand the text
To practice the phrases and patterns
To learn about speech writing
Section B
W h e n c o u r a g e t r i u m p h e d ove r f e a r
Contents
Warming-up
Reading skills
Text study
Comparative study
Unit project
Section B
W h e n c o u r a g e t r i u m p h e d ove r f e a r
Warming-up
Lead-in
Background information
1. Supposing you are in the airplane, how your feeling
may change?
Tips
2. How to survive an airline crash?
Tips
Video Watching
Back
1. Supposing you are in the airplane, how your feeling
may change?
Tips
Nervous
Fearful
Terrified
2. How to survive an airline crash?
Tips
Preparing for flights safely
• Dress comfortably. Wear long pants, a longsleeve t-shirt, and sturdy, comfortable, laceup shoes.
• Sit in the tail of the aircraft. It’s best to get
seats as close as possible to an exit, on the
aisle, and in the back of the plane.
2. How to survive an airline crash?
Tips
Bracing for impact
• Brace yourself against the seat in front of
you.
• Try and remain calm.
• Put your oxygen mask on before assisting
others.
2. How to survive an airline crash?
Tips
Surviving the Crash
• Protect yourself from smoke.
• Listen to the flight attendants’ post-crash
instructions.
• Ditch your stuff. Get out of the airplane as
quickly as possible.
Background information
1. landing gear system
2. bumpy landing
3. fuel dumping
Tips
Tips
Tips
Background information
1. landing gear system
Tips
Landing gear system is a conventional aircraft
tricycle configuration consisting of a nose landing
gear (前起落架) and a left and right main landing
gear on an airplane. Each landing gear includes a
shock strut ( 减 震 支 柱 ) with two wheel and tire
assemblies. Each main landing gear wheel is
equipped with a brake assembly with anti-skid
protection. The nose landing gear is steerable after
nose wheel touchdown at landing.
Background information
1. landing gear system
Tips
The nose landing gear is located in the lower forward
fuselage ( 机 身 ), and the main landing gear are
located in the lower left and right wing area adjacent
to the mid-fuselage.
The landing gear is the structure that supports an
aircraft on the ground and allows it to taxi, take off
and land. Typically wheels are used. Malfunctions or
human errors (or a combination of these) related to
retractable landing gear have been the cause of
numerous accidents and incidents throughout
aviation history.
Background information
2. bumpy landing
Tips
Bumpy landing is also called hard landing,
which may result from emergency landing of any
kind, such as wheels-up landing (belly landing),
crash landing, etc. Before a bumpy landing, the
passengers are supposed to make preparations
by following the instructions on the safety card,
“Tuck your head down on your lap, or against
the seat in front of you, and brace yourself.”
Background information
3. fuel dumping
(应急放油)
Tips
Fuel dumping is a procedure used by aircraft
in emergency situations before returning to a
nearby airport shortly after take-off, or before
landing short of its intended destination
(emergency landing). Many aircraft require the
ability to dump fuel because of landing weight
restrictions imposed by the manufacturers.
Background information
3. fuel dumping
(应急放油)
Tips
Although a plane may be able to take off at a certain
weight, its structure and landing gear may only be
able to withstand the impact of landing at a much
lower weight. When fully loaded with fuel, most
planes are simply too heavy to land safely without
risking a landing gear collapse or other disastrous
structural failure. Planes are therefore fitted with
emergency fuel dump systems that release enough
fuel to lighten the aircraft until they can land safely.
Section B
W h e n c o u r a g e t r i u m p h e d ove r f e a r
Reading skills
Presentation of the skill
Reading skill practice
Making inferences
Writers often tell more than they actually
say with words by giving you hints or clues
that allow you to draw conclusions from
information that is implied. Therefore, you
need to learn how to infer so that you can go
below the surface details to see what is
actually implied (not stated) within the words
of the story. Inferring, sometimes called
“reading between the lines”, is what occurs
when you draw upon prior knowledge to
make a prediction about upcoming events in
the story.
Making inferences
Successful inferences can be achieved by:
1 perceiving the detailed description of an
event, and sometimes the organization of
the
passage:
the
introduction,
development and conclusion;
2 trying to evoke in mind what prior
knowledge you have, and sometimes
understand the reasoning and logic of the
author;
3 relating the ideas and deducing additional
meaning from them.
Making inferences
Example
My hand hit the jetty. It was like an electric
shock that brought me back to my senses.
(Para. 18, Text A)
Question: What does it imply?
Making inferences
We can infer from the above information
that the author had almost lost his senses
while he was trying to rescue the child.
Concentrating all his efforts on the rescue
task, he was unable to think about anything
irrelevant. Having finished the rescue
successfully, he felt totally relaxed. That is
why when his hand hit the jetty, he suddenly
resumed all his senses like being shocked
by electricity and he knew that he was safe.
Making inferences
Practice
As you read Text B the first time, use
contextual clues, common sense and
your knowledge to guess the possible
answers to the questions between the
paragraphs. Then compare your
answers with your partner’s to see if both
of you understand the author’s meaning
in the same way.
Making inferences
1. What does “knowing grins” imply?
“Knowing grins” implies that they regarded
bumping as a common occurrence in flight.
2. What does the news provided by the pilot imply?
Based on our prior knowledge about what
happens if there is something wrong with the
nose-wheel steering and the whole landing gear
system, we can infer that the passengers and the
crew were all in danger, and it was highly possible
that the plane would crash.
Making inferences
3. What does the last sentence “The mother’s gaze held
the child so fixed and intent …” imply?
This sentence shows that the mother’s gaze at the
child displayed a deep care and concern, which
calmed down the child in order to keep her from
being influenced by the outside dangers, implying that
mother’s love was so great that it could help the little
child conquer all the outside fears.
4. What implication can you draw from this paragraph?
This paragraph tells a simple truth that their survival
from the possible air crash was a miracle, and a lot of
luck.
Section B
W h e n c o u r a g e t r i u m p h e d ove r f e a r
Text study
Text comprehension
Language focus
Critical thinking
Questions previewing
1. When the author says “only now can I speak of it without
tears filling my eyes at the memory”, his implication is that
___________. (Para. 1)
2. When did the airplane begin to bump according to the text?
(Para. 3)
3. When the pilot soon provided some grave news regarding
the flight, the travelers were ______________. (Para. 7)
4. When hearing the grave news, the woman mentioned in
the text was ________________ . (Para. 8)
5. When hearing the grave news, how did the author respond?
(Para.8)
6. The little girl was not panicked because _______. (Para.11)
7. The tragedy the travelers feared didn’t turn to be their
destiny _____________. (Para.16)
8. What is the purpose of the story? (Para.18)
1. When the author says “only now can I speak of it
without tears filling my eyes at the memory”, his
implication is that ___________________. (Para. 1)
Tips
he is calm and quiet now
2. When did the airplane begin to bump according to the
text? (Para. 3)
Tips
Shortly after the plane took off.
Sentence interpretation
原句：
Immediately upon take-off, long before we had
reached our cruising altitude, it was clear that
something was wrong. (Para.3, L9)
解释:
Just when the plane took off, and long before we
could climb very high, there was, obviously,
something wrong.
译文：
飞机刚一起飞，远未达到巡航高度时，我们就明
显感到有什么不对劲。
3. When the pilot soon provided some grave news
regarding the flight, the travelers were ____________.
(Para. 7)
Tips
Choose the best answer to the question.
A. still very calm
B. angry
C. frightened and panicked
D. confident
4. When hearing the grave news, the woman mentioned
in the text was ___________________. (Para. 8)
Tips
calm and peaceful
5. When hearing the grave news, how did the author
respond? (Para. 8)
Tips
The author was initially terrified
but later calmed down.
Sentence interpretation
原句：
Despite the circumstance, there was no angry
emotion or tension, and this calm voice evoked a
calm in me that quieted some of my initial fears. It
became imperative that I find her. (Para. 8, L35)
解释:
Although the surroundings were in disorder,
there were no angry emotion or stressed feelings
in this calm voice, which helped to produce a
calm in me. I was not frightened any more.
译文：
尽管形势危急，这个平静的声音既没有愤怒之情
也没有紧张，唤醒了我内心的镇静，抚平了我最
初的恐惧。
Sentence interpretation
6. The little girl was not panicked because ________.
(Para.11)
Tips
Choose the best answer to the question.
A. she didn’t hear the grave news
B. she was blind and deaf
C. she was fixed and intent on her mother
D. she was too small to know anything
Sentence interpretation
原句：
The mother’s gaze held the child so fixed and
intent that the child seemed untouched by the
sounds of grief and fear all around her.
不为···所动
(Para. 11, L47)
解释:
The child’s total attention was calmly fixed on her
mother, who was paying undivided and calmly
fixed attention to her child. This made the child
unaffected by the chaos around her and her
mother.
译文：
母亲凝视的目光让孩子听得聚精会神，似乎一点
也不为周围人们哀伤和惊恐的声音所动。
Sentence interpretation
7. The tragedy the travelers feared didn’t turn to be
their destiny ________________. (Para.16)
Tips
because their landing gear unbelievably held
Sentence interpretation
原句：
着地顺利、轻松
Our touchdown was smooth and easy; the tragedy
we had feared was not our destiny. (Para. 16, L61)
解释:
The plane landed smoothly and without difficulty.
The air crash we had all worried about did not
become our fate.
译文：
我们着地顺利、轻松；我们所恐惧的悲剧并没有成为
我们的宿运。
8. What is the purpose of the story? (Para.18)
Tips
To show the greatest courage out of a
mother’s greater love.
Text summary
take-off
cruising altitude
experienced
some minor problems
turbulence
relaxed attitudes
grave
Text summary
regarding
the landing gear
vulnerable
proximity
overheard
evoked
initial
lifted
amazing power
Language focus
Practical phrases
Practical Phrases
1. settle back
2. on board
3. in the event of sth.
4. in / into position
5. over and over (again)
6. for sure
7. no earthly reason / use, etc.
8. hint of
Specific Meanings
舒服地躺（坐）下
在船上；在飞机上；
万一… ；假若…
在适当的位置
再三地；重复地
肯定地；确切地
毫无缘由 / 用处等
少许；微量；（细微的）
迹象
Language focus
舒服地躺（坐）下
Practical phrases
短语逆译
settle back
短语应用
昨天晚上熬了一夜，现在他舒服地靠在新椅子上。
意群提示
(settle back / burn the mid-night oil)
After he burned the mid-night oil yesterday, now he
settled back comfortably in his new chair.
Language focus
在船上；
在飞机上
Practical phrases
短语逆译
on board
短语应用
对这次航行，我本来非常激动，但在船上呆了两天
我就因为晕船得厉害想回家了。
意群提示
(take this cruise / on board/ seasick )
I was very excited about taking this cruise, but
after two days on board, I got so seasick that I
wanted to go back home.
Language focus
万一… ；假若…
Practical phrases
短语逆译
in the event
of sth.
短语应用
不要太担心我，紧急情况下我可以打电话求助。
意群提示
(call for/ in the event of sth.)
Don’t worry about me too much. I can call for help in
the event of an emergency.
Language focus
在适当的位置
Practical phrases
短语逆译
in / into position
短语应用
约翰踢球时肩膀脱臼了，他只好去医院把肩膀复位。
意群提示
(dislocate his shoulder/ into position)
While playing soccer, John dislocated his shoulder
and had to go to the hospital where he got his
shoulder put back into position.
Language focus
再三地；
重复地
Practical phrases
短语逆译
over and over (again)
短语应用
我一再跟你讲不要那么做，但你总是置若罔闻。
意群提示
(turn a deaf ear to )
I’ve told you over and over again not to do that, but
you always turn a deaf ear to what I said.
Language focus
肯定地；
确切地
Practical phrases
短语逆译
for sure
短语应用
当我坦诚告诉她我钱包丢了时，她肯定会相信我。
意群提示
(honestly /lose my wallet/for sure )
When I honestly tell her I lost my wallet, she
must believe me for sure.
Language focus
Practical phrases
毫无缘由 / 用处等 短语逆译
no earthly reason / use,
etc.
短语应用
天知道为什么这次大风几乎把村里的一切都摧毁了，
而唯独我家却得以幸免。
意群提示
(no earthly reason/ powerful wind / spare our home )
There was no earthly reason why the powerful
wind, which destroyed almost the entire village,
spared our home.
Language focus
少许；微量（细
微的） 迹象
Practical phrases
短语逆译
hint of
短语应用
她谈起那些悲剧事件的时候，声音中流露出深切的哀伤。
意群提示
(speak about / the tragic events / hint of )
When she spoke about the tragic events, there was
more than a hint of sadness in her voice.
Language focus
Functional patterns
Functional Patterns
Functions & Usages
1. Only now can I...
用于强调很长时间以来都
有某种感受。
2. It is / was not long before…
用于表达“用不了多久就
会发生某事”。
3. It is / becomes imperative /
essential / crucial / vital /
important / necessary that…
用于强调某事的必要性和
重要性。
Language focus
Functional patterns
原句译文
我六年前在乘坐的一架航班上就见识了。只
到现在，凭记忆述说这件事的时候，我才不
致热泪盈眶。
逆译练习
I saw it on a flight I took six years ago,
and only now can I speak of it without
tears filling my eyes at the memory.
(Para. 1)
句型提炼
Language focus
Functional patterns
句型提炼
Only now can I...
应用提示
用于强调“很长时间以来都有某种感受”。
句型应用
Language focus
Functional patterns
典型例句
转变是对改变的否定，只有现在我才能提出这个问题：
究竟有转变这回事吗？
意群提示
(the denial of change / only now can I)
Change is the denial of change, and only now can
I put this question: is there a change at all?
Language focus
Functional patterns
原句译文
没过多久我们放松的心情就开始消失了。
逆译练习
It wasn’t long before our relaxed
attitudes began to evaporate. (Para. 4)
句型提炼
Language focus
Functional patterns
句型提炼
It is / was not long before …
应用提示
用于表达“用不了多久就会发生某事”。
句型应用
Language focus
Functional patterns
典型例句
她没用多久就说服他一起去看电影了。
意群提示
(It wasn’t long before/ persuade)
It wasn’t long before she had persuaded him to go
with her to the theater.
Language focus
Functional patterns
原句译文
我急需找到她。
逆译练习
It became imperative that I find her. (Para. 8)
句型提炼
Language focus
Functional patterns
句型提炼
It is / becomes imperative / essential /
crucial / vital/important / necessary that …
应用提示
用于强调某事的必要性和重要性。
句型应用
Language focus
Functional patterns
典型例句
我们把事情摆到桌面上来讨论，这一点很重要。
意群提示
(It’s essential that)
It’s essential that we put everything on the table
for discussion.
Language focus
Genuine collocations
1. 休闲阅读
light reading
2. 巡航高度
3. 会心一笑
4. 泰然处之
5. 可怕的消息
6. 机械故障
7. 免俗
8. 咬紧牙关
9. 目不转睛
10. 她心系女儿安危。
cruising altitude
knowing grins
act relaxed
grave news
the problems with the mechanisms
immune to its terror
grind their teeth
stare full into
Her first concern was for her
daughter’s well-being.
Language focus
Language appreciation
Language focus
Language appreciation
Language focus
Language appreciation
Language focus
Language appreciation
Critical thinking
Further discussion
1. How do you understand that love acts as a
source to overcome our inner fear?
Tips
2. What other factors besides love do you think
could help people face challenges in life?
Tips
3. What would you suggest if a student is
frightened by examinations?
Tips
4. How can we help the survivors of
earthquakes to overcome fear?
Tips
Critical thinking
Further discussion
1. How do you understand that love acts as a
source to overcome our inner fear?
Tips
• Love generates strength and confidence which help
to overcome our inner fear.
• Love is able to bring into full play the most
courageous acts in the world, and love can conquer
our inner fear.
• Becoming a more loving person toward others will
help you to transcend your fear. Becoming more
loving toward yourself will help you to heal your fear.
Critical thinking
Further discussion
2. What other factors besides love do you think
could help people face challenges in life?
Tips
• Confidence may strengthen our determination to
handle any difficulties we are confronted with.
• A sense of purpose in our life is critical.
• A strong social network is also useful.
• Optimism can always make us filled with hope.
• Necessary problem-solving skills and strategies
are most crucial to our performance when we are
facing challenges.
Critical thinking
Further discussion
3. What would you suggest if a student is
frightened by examinations?
Tips
Tips to keep fear away during exams:
• Prepare well in advance and do not mug up.
• Make time to relax.
• Revise properly. In order to prevent anxiety,
the last few weeks before the examination
should be spent revising each subject.
• Be flexible during the exam.
Critical thinking
Further discussion
4. How can we help the survivors of earthquakes
to overcome fear?
Tips
• It can be important to visit with a qualified
therapist who can help the survivor identify the
root causes of the fear and address those
underlying reasons for the fear response.
• Support groups can be helpful.
• Sometimes fear can be removed in much the
same way as an onion is peeled.
Critical thinking
Cultural Exploration
1. Do you know how to interpret the Chinese
character “勇”?
Tips
2. What is the Western tradition of “courage”?
Tips
Critical thinking
Cultural exploration
1. Do you know how to interpret Chinese
character “勇”?
Tips
• The radical of character “力” (strength) is a
principal component of the Chinese character
“勇”, therefore, “勇” is related to the power.
• Chinese character “勇”, as an ingredient of
the Confucian ethics, means to be
courageous with mercy and wisdom.
Critical thinking
Cultural exploration
2. What is the Western tradition of “courage”?
Tips
• Ancient Greek philosophy regards courage or
fortitude as one of the four cardinal virtues, along
with prudence, justice, and temperance.
• Courage is also one of the seven gifts of the Holy
Spirit. Only through love and charity can we call
the natural virtue of courage a Christian virtue.
• Courage is often depicted as having tamed the
ferocious lion.
Section B
W h e n c o u r a g e t r i u m p h e d ove r f e a r
Comparative study
Thematic study
Language features analysis
1. Comparison between the courageous and
the faint-hearted.
Tips
2. How could you, a college student,
blossom into a courageous person?
Tips
1. Comparison between the courageous and
the faint-hearted.
The courageous
1. Be brave;
2. Be firmly and powerful;
3. Be immovably and
wisely;
4. Be persistent and
embrace the success;
5. With love and charity.
The faint-hearted
1. Be scared;
2. With symptoms of
the fear;
3. Be paralyzed with fear;
4. Be easy to quit and
welcome the failure;
5. With moral courage.
2. How could you, a college student,
blossom into a courageous person?
Tips
• Courageously, I shall make the choice to
accept the challenges before me rather than
forever let others make my decisions.
• We are not born with courage, but neither are
we born with fear. Study some school mottoes
including courage and learn from people with
brave hearts.
• The ethics spirit should be revived in the
contemporary university moral education.
Based on your study of
the two texts, compare
the writing styles of the
two texts in terms of their
typical language features.
1. What are the typical language features of the two texts?
Tips
2. List more examples from the text to support your ideas.
Tips
1. What are the typical language features of the two texts?
Tips
Text A contains a lot of detailed
psychological description.
Text B is typical of comparison and
contrast.
2. List more examples from the text to support your ideas.
Tips
Text A The climax and the turning point is that
the author made the single big decision to throw
himself into the water. It is either physical or
emotional.
At the beginning, the author was still hesitant
about saving the boy; but after intense mental
struggle, especially when he saw no one was
there, he was determined to save the boy.
Text B The different responses toward the
bumpy landing from different people on the plane,
do great help to arrive at naturally the unit theme.
Section B
W h e n c o u r a g e t r i u m p h e d ove r f e a r
Unit project
Doing a report
Report writing
Doing a report
Doing a report on “How
can one conquer the
fear of delivering a
speech in public?”
Doing a report
Many students nowadays have the fear of public
speaking. They lack both the confidence and skills
to speak in public. However, given its important
role in our career, public speaking is necessary for
each one of us irrespective of our age or
profession. In this unit, you are going to write a
report on how to conquer the fear of delivering
a public speech.
Doing a report
1 Read and discuss the questions about
delivering a public speech.
2 Interview two or three senior students good
at delivering public speech. Prepare your
interview questions in advance, and the
following three questions are provided for
reference.
3 Work in groups. Summarize the
strategies or suggestions you collected
from the interview and write a report.
4 Present your findings to the class.
Report writing
Writing a report on “How to Conquer the Fear
of Delivering a Speech in Public”
You may include the following points:
• Difficulties college students have in giving a
public speech；
• Your interview:
√ Who you interviewed;
√ Questions you asked;
√ Advice the interviewees gave;
√ Your suggestions on giving a public speech.
Report writing
You may use the following
expressions in your writing.
• To fear is natural; to see past them is heroic.
• To accept one’s fears is to be mature and
challenged.
• You have to believe in yourself. That's the
secret of success.－Charles Chaplin
Section B
W h e n c o u r a g e t r i u m p h e d ove r f e a r
The End