new
FAST CLASS
for First Certificate
VOCABULARY
LIST & EXERCISES
compiled by magpak
1
A Question of Technology UNIT-1
Tips for using this wordlist
- Write translations in the empty column.
- Make your own sentence for each word in the right-hand column. (MS= My Sentence)
Word
Part
of
Speech
01 READING (Student's Book pp6–7)
Phonetics
achieve
v
/əˈtʃiːv/
affordable
adj
/əˈfɔːdəbl/
ancient
adj
/ˈeɪnʃənt/
associated
(with)
adj
/əˈsəʊʃieɪtɪd
(wɪð)/
attack
v
/əˈtæk/
attitude
n
/ˈætɪtjuːd/
audience
n
/ˈɔːdiəns/
average
adj
/ˈævərɪdʒ/
aware (of)
adj
/əˈweə(r) (əv)/
background
n
/ˈbækɡraʊnd/
battle
n
/ˈbætl/
Translation
Definition And Example Sentence
to succeed in reaching a particular goal, esp. by making an effort for a long time
I wonder if Mark will eventually achieve the career he is dreaming of.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not too expensive: -affordable prices
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
belonging to a period of history that is thousands of years in the past; -Socrates lived in ancient Athens.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
if one thing is associated with another, the two things are connected because they happen together or one thing
causes the other
The town council are trying to find solutions to the problems associated with rush hour traffic.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to use violence to try to hit or kill sb / A woman was attacked by three youths while she was out walking in Park.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the way that you think and feel about sb/sth / I don't understand your attitude. Why don't you like her?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the group of people who have gathered to watch or listen to sth/ The audience began clapping and cheering.
Many actors prefer live audiences to acting in front of a camera.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
ordinary, not special; - An average car costs much less than a Mercedes.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
knowing, realising sth; - He wasn’t aware of the danger and almost got killed.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the part of a picture, photograph or view behind the main objects -a photo with the sunset in the background
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a fight between armies, ships or planes during a war/ He was killed in a street battle in 1998.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
2
box-office
success
n
/ˈbɒks ɒfɪs
səkˈses/
break up
(broke,
broken)
phr v
/ˈbreɪk ʌp/
(/brəʊk/,
/ˈbrəʊkən/)
breakthrough
n
/ˈbreɪkθruː/
breathtaking
adj
/ˈbreθteɪkɪŋ/
budget
n
/ˈbʌdʒɪt/
cast
n
/kɑːst/
combination
n
/ˌkɒmbɪˈneɪʃn/
comment
n
/ˈkɒment/
concentration
n
/ˌkɒnsnˈtreɪʃn/
consist (of)
v
/kənˈsɪst (ɒv)/
construct
v
/kənˈstrʌkt/
v
/kën"sju:m $ "su:m/
n
/ˈkɒrɪdɔː(r)/
consume
corridor
a film that many people have been to see
Eastwood scored a critical and box-office success as director of Mystic River (2003), a hauntingcinematic parable of
violence and revenge.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to separate into smaller pieces -The little boy loved to build and then break up his model plane.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an important development that may lead to an agreement or achievement / a major breakthrough in medical
research/Scientists are claiming a major breakthrough in the treatment of AIDS.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very exciting, impressive or surprising; -breathtaking views
The view from my bedroom window was absolutely breathtaking.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the money that is available to a person or an organisation in order to do sth
Our budget for our summer holidays is about 2,000 euros.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
all the people who act in a play or film; Can be used either with a singular or plural verb.
‘Titanic’ had an exceptional cast, but Leonardo di Caprio was the best of all.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
two or more things joined -The accident was caused by a combination of dangerous driving and bad luck.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
expressing an opinion about sth - The minister said he had no comment to make about the incident.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the ability to direct your attention towards one thing
You have to use all your powers of concentration when you take a listening test.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be made up of, to be formed /Your composition should consist of an introduction, three main paragraphs and a
conclusion.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to build a road, building or machine; -The Rio Antorio suspension bridge was constructed in 2004.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to use time, energy, goods etc /Only 27% of the paper we consume is recycled.
A smaller vehicle will consume less fuel.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a long narrow passage in a building / We had to wait outside in the corridor until our names were called.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
3
create
v
/kriˈeɪt/
crew
n
/kruː/
demonstrate
v
/ˈdemənstreɪt/
detail
n
/ˈdiːteɪl/
determined
adj
/dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/
do (sth) for a
living
idm
/duː (sth) fɔː(r)
ə ˈlɪvɪŋ/
documentary
n
/ˌdɒkjuˈmentri/
draw a
conclusion
(drew, drawn)
phr v
/drɔː ə
kənˈkluːʒn/
(/druː/, /drɔːn/)
end up
phr v
/end ʌp/
epic
n
/ˈepɪk/
epic-scale
adj
/ˈepɪk skeɪl/
feature film
n
/ˈfiːtʃə(r) fɪlm/
figure
n
/ˈfɪɡə(r)/
find out
(found,
found)
phr v
/faɪnd aʊt/
(/faʊnd/,
/faʊnd/)
to make sth happen or exist; -The pupils created some beautiful paintings in their art class.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a group of people with special skills working together; / Everyone in the movie's cast and crew has done a great
job.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to show and explain how sth works or how to do sth
Mr Ferris demonstrated how the computer program worked and explained several details.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the small facts or features of sth /When they returned, Kate described every single detail of their trip.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
having a strong desire to do sth, so that nothing will stop you
John is determined to win the first prize in the next school chess competition.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
do to earn the money to pay your expenses ; -What does John do for a living?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a film or TV programme giving facts about sth -BBC documentaries on wildlife are very interesting and educational.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to decide after having thought about all the information connected with the situation
The authorities are carefully studying the accident in order to draw conclusions about road safety on highways.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to find yourself in a place/situation that you do not want to be in
He started stealing when he was only ten years old and at 15 he ended up in prison.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a long film or book that contains a lot of action, usually about a historical subject
"The Iliad" is perhaps the most studied epic of all time.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
large-scale / Immerce yourself in the epic scale of each Kingdom's story, viewing events from the eyes of a different
character in each stage
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the main film you go to see at the cinema, not any short films that are shown before
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the shape of a person; -Can you see those two figures in the distance?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to get some information about sth/sb by asking, reading, etc.
Can you find out what time our train to Bristol leaves tomorrow morning?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
4
flat
n
/flæt/
fool
v
/fuːl/
frequently
adv
/ˈfriːkwəntli/
generate
V
/ˈdʒenəreɪt/
generous
adj
/ˈdʒenərəs/
get involved
in (sth)
v phr
/ˌɡet ɪnˈvɒlvd ɪn
(sth)/
get rid of
phr
/ˌɡet ˈrɪd ɒv/
gist
n
/dʒɪst/
guy
n
/ɡaɪ/
handful (of)
n
/ˈhændfʊl (əv)/
hey presto
presto (US)
idm
/heɪ ˈprestəʊ/
highlight
v
/ˈhaɪlaɪt/
Hill
n
/hɪl/
image
n
/ˈɪmɪdʒ/
imagination
n
/ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn/
a set of rooms for living in, including a kitchen, usually on one floor
Do you live in a house or a flat?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to trick sb into believing sth that is not true - Alice pretended she was sorry, but she can’t fool me!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very often; -In the summer, we frequently go swimming at a nearby beach.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to produce or create sth; - This device burns any kind of paper and generates heat.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
ready to give or share things with other people/ My sister's really generous. She's always buying things for her
friends.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to give a lot of time or attention to sb/sth /
Fran had a lot of free time at the weekends, so she decided to get involved in sports.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to throw sth away / He opened the windows to get rid of the smell.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the main or general meaning of a piece of writing / Read the article once through to get the gist of it.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(informal) a man -At the end of the film the bad guy gets shot.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a small number of people or things /It will be a quiet gathering, only a handful of relatives have been invited.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
people sometimes say ‘hey presto’ when they have just done sth so quickly and easily that it seems to have been
done by magic /The magician put the ribbons into the hat and, hey presto, pulled a rabbit out of it!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to emphasise / This report highlights some of the problems faced by old people in winter
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an area of land that is higher than the land around it, but not as high as a mountain
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a picture of sb/sth seen in a mirror, through a camera, or on a television or computer
Make sure the image is clear before you take a picture.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the ability to create pictures in your mind /I never said I would give you any money – it’s all in your imagination!
 Do not confuse imaginative (a person who has a lot of imagination) with imaginary (a person or thing that exists
only in one’s imagination).
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
5
impact (on)
n
/ɪmˈpækt (ɒn)/
important
adj
/ɪmˈpɔːtnt/
impression
n
/ɪmˈpreʃn/
in their own
right
phr
/ɪn ðeə(r) əʊn
raɪt/
inexpensive
adj
/ˌɪnɪkˈspensɪv/
instantly
adv
/ˈɪnstəntli/
landscape
n
/ˈlændskeɪp/
logistic
adj
/ləˈdʒɪstɪk/
luxurious
adj
/lʌɡˈʒʊəriəs/
manipulation
n
/məˌnɪpjuˈleɪʃn/
mark
v
/mɑːk/
match
v
/mætʃ/
matter
v
/ˈmætə(r)/
meanwhile
adv
/ˈmiːnwaɪl/
multiply
v
/ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/
notice
v
/ˈnəʊtɪs/
on the part of
idm
/ɒn ðə pɑːt ɒv/
the powerful effect that sth has on sb/sth; -the impact of tourism on a country’s economy
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
of great value; - It’s important that students do not miss classes.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an opinion; - What’s your impression of the new English teacher?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
because of their own merit or value/ She's a very wealthy woman in her own right.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not costing a lot of money; - We stayed at a small inexpensive hotel.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Immediately; - Be careful − this rat poison is so dangerous that it could kill you instantly!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
everything you can see when you look across a large area of land
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
that is connected to the organisation necessary to make a complicated plan successful / the practical arrangements
for something / Also logistical (adj)
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very comfortable and expensive; - a luxurious hotel / Atlantis is one of the world's most luxurious cruise ships.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
connected with the ability to handle objects skillfully / manipulation of photographic images
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be a sign that sth new is going to happen -This speech may mark a change in government policy.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be equal, to be as good, interesting, successful, etc. as sb/sth else
I'm looking for a rug to match my bedroom curtains.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be important or have an important effect on sb/sth /It doesn’t matter if you’re late, we’ll start without you.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in the period of time between two times or two events
I’ll pop to the shops for some groceries. Meanwhile, you start preparing lunch.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to increase or make sth increase very much in number or amount
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to see or hear sb/sth; to become aware of sb/sth; -Did you notice Megan’s new haircut?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
made or done by somebody; - It was a mistake on the part of our secretary.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
6
option
n
/ˈɒpʃn/
ordinary
adj
/ˈɔːdnri/
outdo
(outdid,
outdone)
v
/ˌaʊtˈduː/
(/ˌaʊtˈdɪd/,
/ˌaʊtˈdʌn/)
passionately
adv
/ˈpæʃənətli/
pick
v
/pɪk/
plug (sth) into
phr v
/plʌɡ ˈɪntə/
position
n
/pəˈzɪʃn/
practically
adv
/ˈpræktɪkli/
produce
v
/prəˈdjuːs/
promotion
n
/prəˈməʊʃn/
publicity
n
/pʌbˈlɪsəti/
quality
n
/ˈkwɒləti/
recreation
n
/rekri"eːʃn /
recognisable
adj
/ˌrekəɡˈnaɪzəbl/
sth that you can choose to have or do;
You have two options to choose from: French or Spanish.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
normal, usual; - ordinary people like you and me/Can you get connected to the Internet through an ordinary
telephone line?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to do more or better than sb else / Kids always try to outdo each other in attracting the teacher's attention.
Some local businesses have outdone big supermarket chains in customer service.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in a way that shows strong feelings of enthusiasm for sth or belief in sth
Josh is passionately involved in computer games – he spends many hours in front of the screen.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to choose; Pick whichever colour you like best.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to connect a piece of electrical equipment to the main supply of electricity or to another piece of electrical
equipment /Your hairdryer won’t work − you haven’t plugged it into the socket!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the way in which sb is sitting or standing -To do this exercise, you start at a kneeling position.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
almost, very nearly; - The theatre was practically empty.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be in charge of preparing a film, play, etc. for the public to see
The film didn’t cost much to produce, but it was a big hit at the box-office.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
advertising used to increase the sales of a product/Robbie Williams arrived in New York to do a week of promotion
for his new record.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
attention from the media; - There was a lot of publicity for the film ‘The Lord of the Rings’.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
how good or bad sth is; -These shoes are expensive because the leather they are made of is really good quality.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an activity that you do for pleasure or amusement [↪ hobby, pastime, leisure]
They see the outdoors as a recreation activity, not a job opportunity.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
easy to identify
Their house is easily recognisable − it’s painted bright green.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
7
red tape
n
/ˌred ˈteɪp/
require
v
/rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/
revolution (in) n
/ˌrevəˈluːʃn (ɪn)/
reward
n
/rɪˈwɔːd/
satisfying
adj
/ˈsætɪsfɪɪŋ/
scene
n
siːn
search (for)
v
/sɜːtʃ (fɔː(r))/
shade
n
/ʃeɪd/
shoot
(shot, shot)
v
/ʃuːt/
(/ʃɒt/, /ʃɒt/)
skilled
adj
/skɪld/
socialise
(with)
v
/ˈsəʊʃəlaɪz
(wɪð)/
soldier
n
ˈsəʊldʒə(r)
special effects
n pl
/ˈspeʃl ɪˈfekts/
speed
n
/spiːd/
speed up
phr v
/spiːd ʌp/
official rules that seem more complicated than necessary and prevent things from being done quickly
When we decided to move our shop to a new location, we had never expected so much red tape!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to need; - Driving a car requires extreme concentration.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a great change in conditions, ways of working, etc. that affects large numbers of people
The Internet brought about a revolution in communication.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a thing that you are given because you have done sth good or worked hard; -a reward for good behaviour
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
giving pleasure; - a satisfying job / There's something very satisfying about baking your own bread.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a part of a film, play or book in which the action happens in one place
Action scenes in ‘James Bond’ movies are really spectacular.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to look for / I did a quick search on the Internet and found three airlines with tickets available on that date.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the dark areas in a picture, esp. the use of these to produce variety
/ Shade can also mean a particular form of a colour/ She was sitting in the shade of a large oak tree.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make a film or photograph of sth
Early in the morning there wasn’t enough light to shoot the scene, so we had to wait for a couple of hours.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
having enough ability, experience and knowledge to be able to do sth well
Skilled workers are hard to find these days.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to go out with people and have fun / Many young women believe they have better things to do than socialize single
men.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a member of an army, esp. one who is not an officer / There were several soldiers guarding the main gate.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
unusual or exciting pieces of action in films or TV programmes, that are created by computers
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the rate at which sb/sth moves or travels -The accident happened because the car was going at top speed.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make sth move or happen faster
If you are going to finish that job by the end of the day, you will need to speed up.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
8
strange
adj
/streɪndʒ/
suggest
v
/səˈdʒest/
suitable
adj
/ˈsjuːtəbl/ or
/ˈsuːtəbl/
/teɪk ʌp/
(/tʊk/,
/ˈteɪkən/)
/ˈtaɪm
kənsjuːmɪŋ/
take up
(took, taken)
phr v
timeconsuming
adj
tool
n
/tuːl/
adj
/trəˈdɪʃənl/
unusual or surprising -That’s a very strange pen; where did you find it?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to state sth indirectly, to imply; -I’m sorry, but I don’t get it. Are you suggesting that you might not help us?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
right for a particular purpose / The house would be suitable for a large family.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to use time or space for an activity; -Her grand piano takes up almost the entire living room.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
taking a lot of time;-a time-consuming task, job
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a thing that helps you to do your job or to achieve sth
Language can be a very powerful tool, especially in literature.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
traditional
following older methods and ideas rather than modern or different ones
traditional methods of teaching / A group of children will perform traditional dances.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
triumph
n
/ˈtraɪʌmf/
unwilling
adj
/ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/
variety
n
/vəˈraɪəti/
visual effects
n pl
/ˈvɪʒuəl ɪˈfekts/
vivid
adj
/ˈvɪvɪd/
whole
adj
/həʊl/
wire
n
/ˈwaɪə(r)/
a great success, achievement or victory /Judy’s master’s degree was certainly a personal triumph.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
not wanting to do sth and refusing to do it /I can’t explain why Luke’s so unwilling to help Miranda.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a number of different types of the same thing /Have you tried that new variety of ice cream called ‘Red Fruits’?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
unusual or exciting pictures, scenes, etc. used in films or TV programmes
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
(of sb’s imagination) able to form pictures of ideas, situations, etc. easily in the mind
full, complete; -He spent the whole day writing.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a piece of metal in the form of thin thread that is used to carry an electric current or signal
Get the wire cutters from my tool box.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
work
v
/wɜːk/
to have the result or effect you want -My plan worked.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
9
01 WRITING (Student's Book pp8–9)
a long way
phr
/ə lɒŋ weɪ/
far away / He believes it still has a long way to go.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a night out
idm
/ə naɪt aʊt/
an evening that you spend enjoying yourself away from home
I prefer a night out at a dance club to going to the cinema.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
appropriate
adj
/əˈprəʊpriət/
be in the way
v phr
/bi ɪn ðə weɪ/
suitable, correct; -I don’t think it is appropriate to wear jeans to a funeral.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to block or stop sb from moving or doing sth /The traffic warden told us to move our car because it was in the way.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
break the bank
idm
/breɪk ðə bæŋk/
by the way
phr
/baɪ ðə weɪ/
spend more money than you can afford
It will hardly break the bank if we go out to dinner just once. Buying a new dress at a discount price won't break the
bank.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
phrase used for adding sth to the conversation/Davis is a man, by the way, not a monster.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
complaint
n
/kəmˈpleɪnt/
excited
adj
/ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/
the act of stating reasons for not being satisfied with sth
On the whole, it’s an excellent hotel, although we’ve had a few complaints about poor room service.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
feeling or showing happiness and enthusiasm /The children were excited about opening their presents.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
find your way
idm
/faɪnd jɔː(r)
weɪ/
/ɡet baɪ/
(/ɡɒt/, /ɡɒt/)
/ɡet maɪ əʊn
weɪ/
get by
(got, got)
get my own
way
phr
give (sb) a ring
phr
/ɡɪv (sb) ə rɪŋ/
go out of my
way
idm
/ɡəʊ aʊt ɒv maɪ
weɪ/
host family
n
/ˈhəʊst fæməli/
idm
to find the right route to a place -If you can’t find your way to my office, just give me a call.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to manage to live using the money you have -I can’t understand how John gets by on so little money!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to get or do what you want, esp. when sb has tried to stop you
Young children become very upset when they can’t get their own way.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to phone sb
Any reader wanting the right detector to suit his pocket and plenty of sound advice is welcome to give me a ring.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to make a special effort to do sth
Please don’t go out of your way to prepare something special for lunch; a quick snack will do.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a family that has people staying at their house /A host family is a family that takes on the responsibility of allowing
a student from another country to stay at their home for anywhere from a few weeks to twelve months.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
10
ignore
v
/ɪɡˈnɔː(r)/
to deliberately pay no attention to sth you know about -Ignore the details and concentrate on the main ideas.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
let (sb) know
v phr
/let (sb) nəʊ/
look forward to
phr v
/lʊk ˈfɔːwəd tə/
make (sb) feel
at home
mention
phr
/meɪk (sb) fiːl ət
həʊm/
/ˈmenʃn/
inform sb, tell sb about sth/
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to be thinking with pleasure about sth that is going to happen
The whole family was looking forward to our trip to Disneyland!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
v
to make sb feel comfortable / It is our duty to make them feel at home here.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to write or speak about sth without giving much information /Don’t even mention his name. I hate him!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
on my way
idm
/ɒn maɪ weɪ/
request
v
/rɪˈkwest/
during the journey; -On your way home, can you stop at the baker’s and get some bread?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to ask for sth in a polite way; - request a brochure from a travel agency
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
sights
n pl
/saɪts/
similar
adj
/ˈsɪmələ(r)/
interesting places in a town or city -I’m looking forward to going to Rome and seeing all the sights.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
like sb/sth but not exactly the same -We are good friends with Vicky mainly because we have similar interests.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
vegetarian
n
/ˌvedʒəˈteəriən/
wait around
phr v
/weɪt əˈraʊnd/
waste
v
/weɪst/
a person who does not eat meat or fish / I'm thinking about becoming a vegetarian.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to wait without doing very much, because you are expecting sb to arrive
The actors had to wait around for an hour before the director arrived.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to use more of sth than necessary /Don’t waste time watching TV all evening − get on with your homework!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
01 USE OF ENGLISH (Student's Book pp10 – 11)
apparently
adv
/əˈpærəntli/
it seems to be / Apparently the company is losing a lot of money.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
atmosphere
n
/ˈætməsfɪə(r)/
the feeling or mood that you have in a particular place or situation
The hotel offers a friendly atmosphere and personal service.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
attention
n
/əˈtenʃn/
blanket
n
/ˈblæŋkɪt/
special care, action or treatment; - Newborn babies need all our attention.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a large woollen cover for a bed;
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
care
n
/keə(r)/
the process of caring for sb/sth and providing what they need /Care of the environment has become a priority in
government thinking.MS:________________________________________________________________________________
11
consider
v
/kənˈsɪdə(r)/
to think about sth carefully; -I’m considering giving up my job and going to live in the countryside.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
development
n
/dɪˈveləpmənt/
a new event or stage that is likely to affect what happens in a continuing situation
The article presents the latest developments in education.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
due (to)
adj
/djuː (tə)/
arranged or expected; We are due to start our French lessons next week.
She has been absent from work due to illness.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
exhausted
adj
/ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/
flatmate
n
/ˈflætmeɪt/
focus (on)
v
/ˈfəʊkəs (ɒn)/
generation
n
/ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/
give (sb) a lift
phr
/ɡɪv (sb) ə lɪft/
go to the
trouble
hand in
phr
/ɡəʊ tə ðə
ˈtrʌbl/
hænd ɪn
hold
(held, held)
hug
v
very tired / I was exhausted every day when I first started teaching, but I'm used to it now.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who shares a flat with someone else/ My flatmate moved out a month ago, and in that month I've used it
as an excuse to binge.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to give attention to one particular thing or subject
It’s Ken’s last year of studies so he should focus on his final exams.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a stage in the development of a product
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to take sb to a place by car / Mrs Wright came in and she said she'd give me a lift home.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
phr v
to try hard to help sb -You don’t need to go to the trouble of making up a bed − I’ll sleep on the sofa.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to give sth to sb in authority -When do we have to hand in our compositions, sir?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
v
/həʊld/
(/held/, /held/)
/hʌɡ/
to carry sth /Can you hold this box, while I unlock the door?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to put your arms around sb and hold them tightly / We stood there crying and hugging each other.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
interact
v
/ˌɪntərˈækt/
to communicate with sb, esp. while you work, play or spend time with them
Games help children learn how to interact with each other.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
laptop
n
/ˈlæptɒp/
a small computer that can work with a battery and be easily carried
Her boss's laptop got stolen from her car.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
library
n
/ˈlaɪbrəri/
lie-in
n
/laɪ ɪn/
a building in which collections of books, newspapers, etc. are kept for people to read, study or borrow
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
when you stay in bed longer than normal in the morning
I thought I’d have a lie-in this morning as there’s no school today.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
12
manner
n
/ˈmænə(r)/
the way that sth is done or happens / She impressed everyone with her businesslike manner.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
move in
phr v
/muːv ɪn/
move over
phr v
/muːv ˈəʊvə(r)/
nursery
n
/ˈnɜːsəri/
to start to live in your new home; - We need to make some repairs to the house before we move in.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to change your position in order to make room for sb
Do you mind moving over a bit to make room for another chair at the table?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a place where small children are cared for while their parents are at work
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
observe
v
/əbˈzɜːv/
old-fashioned
adj
/əʊld ˈfæʃnd/
to watch sb/sth carefully, esp. to learn more about them / I love to observe people at work.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Traditional / I love the good old-fashioned cooking of my grandmother.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
pet
n
/pet/
an animal, a bird, etc. that you have at home for pleasure
/ A third would think twice about moving home if it would upset their pets.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
point out
phr v
/pɔɪnt aʊt/
practice
n
/ˈpræktɪs/
prove
v
/pruːv/
to make sth clear to sb; -He pointed out that it was Sunday and so the shops would all be closed.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
doing an activity regularly so that you can improve your skill
With some more practice, I think Steve might win the piano competition.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to show that sth is true; -I know Liam is responsible for the mistake, but I can’t prove it.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
prove to be
phr
/pruːv tə bi/
recommend
v
/ˌrekəˈmend/
be discovered that it is; -I’m sure this film will prove to be a great success.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to tell sb that sth is good and that they should try it -Can you recommend me a good book to read?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
regard
v
/rɪˈɡɑːd/
role
n
/rəʊl/
speech
n
/spiːtʃ/
to think of sth, to have an opinion of sth; - I don’t regard this problem as very serious.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
the function or position that sb has or is expected to have in an organization, in society or in a relationship
the role of the teacher in the classroom
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
the ability to speak; - I seemed to have lost the power of speech.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
substitute (for)
n
/ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt
(fɔː(r))/
a person or thing that you use instead of the one you normally use
Raw cane sugar is a healthier substitute for regular sugar.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
timing
n
/ˈtaɪmɪŋ/
the act of choosing when sth happens; - Good timing is very important in the achievement of your goals.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
13
toddler
n
/ˈtɒdlə(r)/
a young child who has just learnt to walk / A toddler was squatting in the middle of the carpet, thumb in mouth.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
tool
n
/tuːl/
a thing that helps you to do your job or to achieve sth -research tools like questionnaires
I don't have the right tools to start fiddling around with the engine.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
treat
v
/triːt/
trip
v
/trɪp/
to behave in a particular way towards sb/sth -You should always treat elderly people with respect.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to catch your foot on sth and fall or almost fall; -Be careful not to trip over the children’s toys lying on the floor.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
upset
adj
/ʌpˈset/
worried, unhappy / Don't be upset. I'm sure she didn't mean to be unkind.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
01 LISTENING (Student's Book p12)
adjust (to)
v
/əˈdʒʌst (tə)/
advertisement
n
/ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt
/
approach
v
/əˈprəʊtʃ/
to get used to a new situation / It took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust to the darkness.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a notice, picture or film telling people about a product or service Also: advert (n) or ad (n)
According to the advertisement, you can use this liquid to clean almost anything at home.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to come near; - As you approach the school you’ll see the forest.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
arch
n
/ɑːtʃ/
a curved structure
/We were going to climb up for a close look at a natural sandstonearch which had just been discovered recently.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
at one stage
n
author
n
/æt wʌn
steɪdʒ/
/ˈɔːθə(r)/
available
adj
/əˈveɪləbl/
sometime in the past / We can't change the design at this late stage.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Writer / We can't change the design at this late stage.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
sth that you can find or buy; - Photocopies are available free of charge in the school library.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
behave
v
/bɪˈheɪv/
bitter
adj
/ˈbɪtə(r)/
to do things in a particular way; -If you can’t behave yourselves then you will have to leave the classroom.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
angry and unhappy; -John was very bitter when he lost his job after twenty-five years.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
booking
n
/ˈbʊkɪŋ/
an arrangement you make in advance to buy a ticket or travel somewhere
I think I’ll make a booking for the Friday performance.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
border
n
/ˈbɔːdə(r)/
the line that divides one country from another country
The robbers were over the border before the police could catch them.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
14
bread bin
n
/bred bɪn/
a container for bread / She went to the bread bin and seemed to be preparing to make herself a piece of toast.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
can’t get your
head around
celebrity
idm
n
/kɑːnt ɡet
jɔː(r) hed
əˈraʊnd/
/səˈlebrəti/
find sth difficult to understand
I really can’t get my head around how she persuaded me to lend her such a big amount of money!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a famous person / People waited outside for the chance to see some celebrities.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
charge
n
/tʃɑːdʒ/
command
n
/kəˈmɑːnd/
the money that you pay for goods or a service; -There will be no charge for the delivery of the new fridge.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
an order; -The lieutenant gave the command and his men started firing.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
company
n
/ˈkʌmpəni/
concerned
(about)
adj
/kənˈsɜːnd
(əˈbaʊt)/
courage
n
/ˈkʌrɪdʒ/
craft
n
/krɑːft/
craftsman
n
/ˈkrɑːftsmən/
customs
n pl
/ˈkʌstəmz/
declaration
n
/ˌdekləˈreɪʃn/
delivery
n
/dɪˈlɪvəri/
demand
n
/dɪˈmɑːnd/
destination
n
/ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/
a business; -Microsoft is the biggest software company in the world.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
worried about sth
I’m concerned that you’ve been missing a lot of classes lately and your marks have been going down too.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
the ability to do sth dangerous and not feel afraid/Mary showed great courage in the face of danger.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a boat or ship /
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a skilled person who makes sth by hand / The original designs were made by highly skilled craftsmen.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
the place at a port or airport where your luggage is checked / All bags must be inspected by customs officers.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
an official or formal statement / On the 19th of July a declaration of war was delivered in Berlin.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
taking goods to the people who have ordered them; - a delivery van / Ask your neighbor to take any deliveries
while you are on vacation.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
the need of customers for goods or services
There is a huge demand for ice cream and soft drinks at the café during the summer months.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
the place you are travelling to / At the border you will be asked your destination and how long you plan to stay.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
doorway
n
/ˈdɔːweɪ/
the opening where a door fits / Although she was not a tall woman, she had to stoop low to get through the
doorway.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
effect
n
/ɪˈfekt/
Result; -The teacher’s long absence had a negative effect on the students’ progress.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
15
effortlessly
adv
/ˈefətləsli/
needing little or no effort / Mark drew quickly and with confidence, in a way that looked completely effortless.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
elegant
adj
/ˈelɪɡənt/
employee
n
/ɪmˈplɔɪiː/
enable
v
/ɪˈneɪbl/
designed well, attractive, well-dressed / All the dancers looked so elegant as they moved slowly round the room.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who is paid to work for a company; -It is a huge company with hundreds of employees.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to give sb a way of doing sth; -Internet Explorer enables you to surf the net.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
enquire
v
/ɪnˈkwaɪə(r)/
expectation
n
/ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/
to ask for information
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a belief that sth will happen because it is likely
The expectation is that our 100-metre champion will get a gold medal at the Olympics.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
extract
n
/ˈekstrækt/
facilities
n pl
/fəˈsɪlətiz/
fair enough
idm
/feə(r) ɪˈnʌf/
feature
n
/ˈfiːtʃə(r)/
a short passage from a book
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
services or equipment provided for a particular purpose
leisure facilities
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
used to say that an idea or suggestion seems reasonable
If you don’t like horror films, fair enough; we can watch something else.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
an important, interesting or typical part
An important feature of Van Gogh's paintings is their bright colours.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
fill in
/fɪl ɪn/
flight of stairs
phr
v
n
general public
n
/ˈdʒenrəl
ˈpʌblɪk/
/ɡet əˈkrɒs/
(/ɡɒt/, /ɡɒt/)
/ɡəʊ θruː/
(/went/,
/biːn/)
/ˈhændl/
to complete a form with information; - If you want to take part in the competition then fill in this form.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
/flaɪt ɒv steəz/
a series of steps between two floors;  We also say a flight of steps
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
get across
(got, got)
go through
(went, been)
phr
v
phr
v
handle
v
people in general
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to communicate sth and be understood -Some charismatic politicians manage to get their ideas across very easily.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to experience, to suffer; -Cindy has been going through a very difficult period since her father’s death.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to control a vehicle/machine/tool / A lot of people find it difficult to handle criticism.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
16
have (sth) to
spare
honestly
phr
adv
/həv tə
speə(r)/
/ˈɒnɪstli/
in the way of
idm
/ɪn ðə weɪ ɒv/
invest (in)
v
/ɪnˈvest (ɪn)/
to have more than you need of sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
used to emphasise that what you are saying is true, even if it may seem surprising
Honestly, I have never been to a museum or art gallery.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
used to talk about the types of sth that are available Used in questions and negative sentences.
In our village there isn’t much in the way of nightlife.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to spend money on sth which you believe will make a profit / Oliver made a fortune by investing in antique
furniture.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
keep to
phr
v
/kiːp tə/
to continue doing or using sth and not want to change it
Aunt Beth always visits us on my birthday; she has kept to this habit since I was born.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
landing
n
/ˈlændɪŋ/
leaflet
n
/ˈliːflət/
when an aeroplane touches the ground; - The experienced pilot made a very smooth landing.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
one or a few printed pages given free of charge to advertise or give information about sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
long-haul flight
n
/lɒŋ hɔːl flaɪt/
maid
n
/meɪd/
a long-distance flight
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a female servant
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
make it
idm
/meɪk ɪt/
mind
v
/maɪnd/
minimise
v
/ˈmɪnɪmaɪz/
miss
v
/mɪs/
misunderstood
adj
to be successful in your career -I couldn’t believe my ears when they told me Tess had made it as a top model!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to be upset, annoyed or worried by sth; -It’s OK; I don’t mind staying in tonight.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to reduce the effect of sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to fail to do or have sth; -I wasn’t feeling very well, so I decided to miss my dance lesson.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
move house
phr
/ˌmɪsʌndəˈstʊ
d/
/muːv haʊs/
nervous
adj
/ˈnɜːvəs/
obstacle
n
/ˈɒbstəkl/
having qualities that people do not see or fully understand; -a misunderstood artist
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to change the place where you live -After ten years in the city, we decided to move house and live in a village.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
anxious, worried, afraid
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
sth that makes it difficult for you to achieve sth
The fact that he didn’t have a university degree was an obstacle to his career.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
17
official
n
/əˈfɪʃl/
a person who is in a position of authority in a large organisation; - government officials
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
on board
operator
prep
phr
n
/ɒn bɔːd/
on or in a ship/train/plane
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
/ˈɒpəreɪtə(r)/
a person in charge of a telephone system
Call 4355 and the operator will put you through to the person you want to talk to.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
originally
adv
/əˈrɪdʒənəli/
outstanding
adj
/aʊtˈstændɪŋ/
parcel
n
/ˈpɑːsl/
at the beginning, at the start of sth
This building was originally a school, but later it was turned into a museum.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
excellent, fantastic
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
something that is wrapped in paper so that it can be sent by mail or given as a present
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
passenger
n
/ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/
perfectly
adv
/ˈpɜːfɪktli/
a person who is travelling in a car, bus, etc. and who is not working on it
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Completely; -You know perfectly well we simply cannot afford to buy a new car this year.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
pleasure
n
/ˈpleʒə(r)/
previous
adj
/ˈpriːviəs/
property
n
/ˈprɒpəti/
provide
v
/prəˈvaɪd/
put forward
phr
/pʊt ˈfɔːwəd/
a feeling of being happy; - I read books for pleasure, not just to learn something new.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
happening before the event you are talking about
The previous owner of the car was a careful driver so it is in very good condition.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
land and buildings; -This property, with its huge gardens, swimming pool and tennis court, is worth millions of
pounds.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to give sth, to make sth available
The company Phone Away provides much cheaper Internet access than the other phone companies.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to suggest an idea; - All the staff were asked to put forward ideas for saving money.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
quarters
n pl
/ˈkwɔːtəz/
query
v
/ˈkwɪəri/
rooms that are provided for soldiers, servants, etc. to live in
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to ask a question/questions, esp. when you think information is wrong
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
questionnaire
railing
n
n
/ˌkwestʃəˈneə(
r)/
/ˈreɪlɪŋ/
a written list of questions that people answer so that you can get information about their opinion
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a fence made of metal bars
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
18
recover
v
/rɪˈkʌvə(r)/
to get well again after an illness; - It took me a week to recover from the flu.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
reference
number
rental
n
phr
n
/ˈrefrəns
ˈnʌmbə(r)/
/ˈrentl/
resident
n
/ˈrezɪdənt/
a number that shows where sb can find a piece of information
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
arrangement to rent sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
person who lives in a particular place
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
roll
n
/rəʊl/
routine
n
/ruːˈtiːn/
a small round loaf of bread for one person
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
the normal order and way in which you regularly do things
If you make exercise part of your daily routine, you will become fit very quickly.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
run to schedule
phr
/rʌn tə
ˈʃedjuːl/
happen according to an official timetable / Remember, the more detailed your plan, the more you'll ensure that
your workshop will run to schedule – and be successful.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
senior worker
n
/ˈsiːniə(r)
ˈwɜːkə(r)/
series
n
/ˈsɪəriːz/
servant
n
/ˈsɜːvənt/
a worker higher in rank or status than others
Senior Worker Jobs available on Indeed.com.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a number of, a set of; -a series of articles in the newspaper
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who cleans, cooks and helps in another person’s house
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
signature
n
/ˈsɪɡnətʃə(r)/
your name as you usually write it at the end of a letter
You must put your signature and the date in the box at the bottom of the form.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
soak
v
/səʊk/
space
n
/speɪs/
to leave sth in a liquid for some time to get wet / The rain soaked us all with icy cold drops of water.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
empty area or area available for use; -It took us a long time to find a parking space.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
stand up for
(stood, stood)
phr
v
standard
n
/stænd ʌp
fɔː(r)/
(/stʊd/,
/stʊd/)
/ˈstændəd/
to say sth to show that you support sth/sb
My mum always stands up for me against my dad – even if I’ve done something wrong
MS:________________________________________________________________________________________.
a level of quality, esp. one that people think is acceptable / Does this ice cream come up to your standards?Ann's
concert recital did not come up to her own standards.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
19
starve
v
/stɑːv/
step
n
/step/
to suffer or die because of lack of food - The puppies were starving when we found them but we’ve given them
plenty to eat and they seem much better now.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a surface where you put your foot when you go up to a different level of a structure, e.g. stairs
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
suit
v
survey
n
take into
consideration
phr
/sjuːt/ or
/ˈsuːt/
/ˈsɜːveɪ/
to be convenient or useful -Does two o’clock suit you for the meeting?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
an investigation of the behaviour or opinions of a group of people
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
/teɪk ɪntə
kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃn/
take it easy
phr
/teɪk ɪt ˈiːzi/
take its toll (on)
phr
/teɪk ɪts təʊl
(ɒn)/
to think about sth when you make a decision / We will take your long years of service into account when we
make our final decision. You can be certain that we will take it into consideration.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
be cool and not get upset or stressed / Andy: I am so mad I could blow my top! Rachel: Now, now. Take it easy.
What's wrong? Mary could see that Sally was very upset at the news. "Now, just take it easy," said Mary. "It can't be all
that bad."
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to cause a lot of damage; to cause harm or suffering / Divorce takes its toll on the children involved.
The heavy rain took its toll on Berlin – a lot of buildings were flooded and there was chaos in the streets.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
take part in
phr
/teɪk pɑːt ɪn/
terminal
n
/ˈtɜːmɪnl/
to participate in - How many Greek athletes took part in the 2004 Olympics?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a set of buildings at an airport - We’re leaving from Heathrow Airport, Terminal 2.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
the dizzy
heights of fame
the nerve
phr
undo/(undid,
undone/
unpack
v
unwind
(unwound,
unwound)
valuable
v
n
n
/ðə ˈdɪzi haɪts
ɒv feɪm/
/ðə nɜːv/
/ʌnˈduː/ʌnˈdɪd
/, /ʌnˈdʌn/)
/ˌʌnˈpæk/
an important position
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
the courage to do sth - I just didn’t have the nerve to ask for a pay rise.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to open sth that is fastened or tied with buttons or a zip / Could you undo the knot in this string?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to take things out of a suitcase
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
adj
/ˌʌnˈwaɪnd/
(/ˌʌnˈwaʊnd/,
/ˌʌnˈwaʊnd/)
/ˈvæljuəbl/
to stop worrying, to relax
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
worth a lot of money / So the Carter helped himself to so many of the most valuable goods that the horses easily
ran away with the remainder.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
work out
phr
v
/wɜːk aʊt/
to calculate, to find the answer - I can’t work out the answer to this question.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
20
01 SPEAKING (Student's Book p13)
candidate
n
environmental
adj
/ˈkændɪdət/ or
/ˈkændɪdeɪt/
/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/
examiner
n
/ɪɡˈzæmɪnə(r)/
a person taking an exam -Nearly half the FCE candidates worldwide are Greeks.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
connected with the natural conditions in which people, animals and plants live
The documentary highlighted some important environmental issues.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who writes or asks the questions in an exam / When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and
my course was arranged under his supervision
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
expand (on)
v
/ɪkˈspænd (ɒn)/
to add details, to talk more in order to explain
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
improve
v
/ɪmˈpruːv/
last
v
/lɑːst/
to become better than before - Kevin’s Spanish improved significantly once he got the job in Madrid.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to continue for a particular period of time - The film lasts about two hours.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
neighbourhood
n
/ˈneɪbəhʊd/
surf the internet
phr
/sɜːf ðə ˈɪntənet/
a district or an area of a town
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
to use the internet - I was surfing the internet looking for information on Indian music.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
take a deep
breath
unsuitable
phr
/teɪk ə diːp breθ/
to take a lot of air in through your mouth and nose -At the top of the mountain I took a deep breath.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
adj
/ʌnˈsjuːtəbl/ or
/ʌnˈsuːtəbl/
not right for a particular purpose
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
21
Work & Study - UNIT
2
Part
of Speech
02 READING (Student’s Book pp16–17)
Word
a great deal
phr
Phonetics
/ə ɡreɪt diːl əv/
Translation
Definition And Example Sentence
much, a lot / I have thought a great deal about that lovely England since I left it, and all the famous historic scenes I visited; but I
have come to the conclusion that it is not a country in which I should care to reside.
air (of)
n
/eə(r) (əv)/
alien
adj
/ˈeɪliən/
appear
v
əˈpɪə(r)
aspire
v
/əˈspaɪə(r)/
bilingual
adj
/ˌbaɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/
bother
v
/ˈbɒðə(r)/
canteen
n
/kænˈtiːn/
claim
v
/kleɪm/
coexistence
n
/ˌkəʊɪɡˈzɪstəns
/
complexity
n
/kəmˈpleksəti/
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
feeling or impression that is given by sb/sth
/Despite being an amateur, the young man had the air of a real professional.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
strange, from another country or place - an alien culture
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be written or mentioned somewhere -The author’s name appears on the cover of the book.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to have a strong desire to become sth, to achieve sth
At the moment Cindy is working as a secretary but she aspires to greater things – she hopes that one day she’ll be the
manager of the company.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
speaking two languages very well - Many of the students are bilingual in Spanish and English.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to annoy, to upset sb - "Why didn't you ask me for help?" "I didn't want to bother you."
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a place in a school, factory or office, where people who work can get their meals
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to say that sth is true, but without proof - Brian claims that his great grandfather was a prince.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the state of being together in the same place at the same time
We live in a peaceful coexistence with our neighbours.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
being difficult to understand / Now he was getting a lesson in the complexities of human relationships.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
22
concede
v
/kənˈsiːd/
crash course
n
/kræʃ kɔːs/
creep into
(crept, crept)
phr v
custom
n
/kriːp ˈɪntu/
(/krept/,
/krept/)
/ˈkʌstəm/
dawn on
phr v
/dɔːn ɒn/
develop
v
/dɪˈveləp/
docks
n pl
/dɒks/
drift
v
/drɪft/
expect
v
/ɪkˈspekt/
fade
v
/feɪd/
farmyard
n
/ˈfɑːmjɑːd/
fashion
n
/ˈfæʃn/
fit
v
/fɪt/
gain
v
/ɡeɪn/
gas pedal
(NAmE)
genuine
n
/ˈɡæs pedl/
adj
/ˈdʒenjuɪn/
to admit that sth is true / There are also many modifications of language, which we concede to the poets.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a short course of lessons, usually to prepare for a test
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to begin to happen
-At first she was enthusiastic about starting her own business but then doubts began to creep into her mind.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an accepted way of behaving or of doing things in a society
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to begin to realise sth for the first time
It suddenly dawned on me that the reason nobody had phoned me on my birthday was that I had switched my mobile
phone off.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to gradually grow or become bigger, stronger, etc. -The small seaside town quickly developed into a major port.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the part of the port where goods are loaded onto ships
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move along slowly in water or air -Ben switched off the engine and the boat drifted slowly down the river.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to think or believe that sth will happen - We are expecting very cold weather next weekend.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to become less bright - These curtains have been at the windows all summer and the sunlight has faded them.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an area that is surrounded by farm buildings / No one was to be seen at Mercy except a few workmen in the farmyard,
so, after waiting on the chance of seeing Mimi, Adam began to go slowly home.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a popular way of behaving, doing an activity, etc.
Those days the fashion was to invite the whole village to your children’s weddings.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be the right shape or size - These jeans fit me perfectly; they’re exactly what I needed.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to get sth -After all the rich food I ate at Christmas I gained three kilos!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the pedal you press to control the speed of a vehicle; BrE = accelerator
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
authentic, real, true -Genuine CDs are a lot more expensive than the cheap copies you can buy on the street.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
23
glance
v
/ɡlɑːns/
gleaming
adj
/ɡliːmɪŋ/
hastily
adv
/ˈheɪstɪli/
hint
n
/hɪnt/
hitch
homebrewed cider
immerse
n
n phr
v
/hɪtʃ/
/həʊm bruːd
ˈsaɪdə(r)/
/ɪˈmɜːs/
iron
v
/ˈaɪən/
meticulously
adv
/məˈtɪkjələsli/
minor
adj
/ˈmaɪnə(r)/
misbehaving
adj
/ˌmɪsbɪˈheɪvɪŋ/
never mind
idm
/ˈnevə(r)
maɪnd/
newsroom
not all it is
cracked up
to be
obscurity
n
idm
/ˈnjuːzrʊm/
/nɒt ɔːl ɪt ɪz
krækt ʌp tə bi/
n
/əbˈskjʊərəti/
occupy
v
/ˈɒkjupaɪ/
ordeal
n
/ɔːˈdiːl/
to look quickly at sth - Martha glanced at her watch and told me the time.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Shining -The children stared at the gleaming sports car.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
said, made or done very quickly
When he heard about the accident he hastily put on his coat and rushed out of the house.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth that suggests what will happen -I’ll give you a hint as to what your present is – it’s small, shiny and expensive!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a small problem
an alcoholic drink made of apples that is made at home
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to involve yourself completely in sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make clothes, etc. smooth by using an iron
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very carefully, paying attention to every detail
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not serious or important -a minor problem
She fell off her horse, but suffered only minor injuries.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
behaving badly
Kids often misbehave when they are bored or tired.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to suggest that sth is not important so one shouldn’t worry or be upset
‘I can’t come to the cinema tonight.’ ‘Never mind, we’ll go without you.’
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the room at a newspaper office where news is received and prepared for printing
not as good as people think or expected
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the state in which sb/sth has been forgotten - He spent most of his life working in obscurity.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to take up a lot of space or time - My father’s huge desk occupies nearly the whole room.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very difficult experience
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
24
pathos
n
/ˈpeɪθɒs/
patisserie
n
/pəˈtiːsəri/
peaceful
adj
/ˈpiːsfl/
picturesque
adj
/ˌpɪktʃəˈresk/
polish
v
/ˈpɒlɪʃ /
press
v
/pres/
progressively adv
/prəˈɡresɪvli/
properly
adv
/ˈprɒpəli/
proximity
purchase
n
n
/prɒkˈsɪməti/
/ˈpɜːtʃəs/
quayside
n
/ˈkiːsaɪd/
realise
v
/ˈrɪəlaɪz/
reasonable
adj
/ˈriːznəbl/
relief
n
/rɪˈliːf/
remain
v
/rɪˈmeɪn/
remove
v
/rɪˈmuːv/
replacement
n
/rɪˈpleɪsmənt/
the power of description which produces feelings of sadness or pity
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(from French) a shop that sells cakes
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
quiet, calm, not violent
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
pretty, because it looks old-fashioned -a picturesque village
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make shiny
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to iron, to make clothes smooth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
steadily and continuously -The music got progressively louder as we neared the disco.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in a way that is correct or appropriate
There’s something wrong with the coffee-maker, it’s not working properly.
being near sb or sth
sth which you have bought - Mrs Melton put her purchases into her bag and left the shop.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a platform where boats come in to load, and the area near it
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to manage to do sth important
Amy would do anything to realise her dream of becoming a pop star.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Sensible - After all the hard work I’ve done over the last two years I think it’s reasonable to ask for a pay rise.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the feeling of happiness that you have when sth unpleasant stops or does not happen
News of the children’s safety came as a great relief.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be left - A lot of food remained at the end of the party.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to take sth/sb away from a place
It took days to remove the trees that had fallen across the streets during the hurricane.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth or sb who takes the place of sth or sb else- We need a replacement for MIke, who is leaving to go to America.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
25
resemble
v
/rɪˈzembl/
roar
v
/rɔː(r)/
roast
adj
/rəʊst/
rural
adj
/ˈrʊərəl/
(sb’s) mind
boggles
sheepishly
phr
adj
/(sb’s) maɪnd
ˈbɒɡlz/
/ˈʃiːpɪʃli/
shout
v
/ʃaʊt/
shrink
(shrank,
shrunk)
sigh
v
n
/ʃrɪŋk/
(/ʃræŋk/,
/ʃrʌŋk/)
/saɪ/
stare
v
/steə(r)/
steam away
from
subtract
v phr
v
/stiːm əˈweɪ
frɒm/
/səbˈtrækt/
suffice
v
/səˈfaɪs/
superiority
n
/suːˌpɪəriˈɒrəti
/
suspicion
n
/səˈspɪʃn/
tactfully
adv
/ˈtæktfəli/
to look or be like sb - Of course they resemble each other – they’re twins!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make a very loud, deep sound -The lions roared as they ran into the circus ring.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
cooked in an oven or over a fire - roast beef
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
connected with the countryside
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth is so unbelievable that you find it hard to believe, you are amazed
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in a very embarrassed way
At that time, much of rural Ireland was desperately poor.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to speak loudly or angrily to sb –
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________Ple
ase don’t shout; just tell me what’s wrong.
to become smaller - Don’t wash your woollen pullover in hot water because it will shrink.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an act or the sound of taking and then letting out a long deep breath
‘I don’t have much time, but I’ll wait,’ she said with a sigh.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to look at sb or sth for a long time -When I told Jason that he had won the lottery he just stared at me in amazement.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move away from a place on a boat
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(in Mathematics) to take a number away - What do you get if you subtract 15 from 33?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be enough for sth - One example will suffice to explain the meaning of this word.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
being better, more powerful, etc. than others, or thinking that you are
The superiority of this computer is clear – it’s faster, has more memory and is better designed.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a feeling sth is wrong, illegal or dishonest - I have a suspicion that she isn’t telling the truth.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in a careful way so that nobody gets annoyed or upset
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
26
take after
(took, taken)
phr v
/teɪk ˈɑːftə(r)/
(/tʊk/,
/ˈteɪkən/)
/teɪk əˈweɪ/
(/tʊk/,
/ˈteɪkən/)
/teɪk ɪn/
(/tʊk/,
/ˈteɪkən/)
/teɪk ˈəʊvə(r)/
(/tʊk/,
/ˈteɪkən/)
/teɪk ʌp/
(/tʊk/,
/ˈteɪkən/)
/tæp/
/ðə pɔɪnt ɒv
nəʊ rɪˈtɜːn/
take away
(took, taken)
phr v
take in
(took, taken)
phr v
take over
(took, taken)
phr v
take up
(took, taken)
phr v
tap
the point of
no return
n
idm
tractor
n
/ˈtræktə(r)/
turn into
phr v
/tɜːn ˈɪntə/
unfamiliar
adj
/ˌʌnfəˈmɪliə(r)/
very
adj
/ˈveri/
wellies
n pl
/ˈweliz/
work
experience
n
/wɜːk
ɪkˈspɪəriəns/
to look like an older person in your family
-Both their daughters have taken after their mother – they have the same eyes and hair.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to remove, to subtract - If you take away three from ten, how much have you got left, Helen?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to understand what you see or hear
We told Granny that her house was destroyed in the earthquake but she just can’t seem to take it in.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to gain control of a company - Volkswagen took over Lamborghini, Skoda and Seat some years ago.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to use time or space for an activity - Her grand piano takes up almost the entire living room.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a light hit
the time when you must continue with what you have decided to do, because it is not possible to get back to an earlier
situation
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a powerful motor vehicle with two large and two smaller wheels, used especially for pulling farm machinery
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to transform, to become sth different -At the end of the story the frog turns into a handsome prince.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
that you do not know or recognise
At first I felt very uncomfortable with all those unfamiliar faces around me, but soon I recognised a few old friends of
mine.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to emphasise that you are talking about a particular thing or person and not about another
That’s the very thing I need.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
long rubber boots that you wear to walk through water or mud
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a period of time that a young person, esp. a student, spends working in a company as a form of training
She's well qualified but has no relevant work experience.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
27
02 WRITING (Student's Book pp18–19)
a rough idea
phr
/ə rʌf aɪˈdɪə/
accommodati
on
accompany
n
/əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/
v
/əˈkʌmpəni/
allow
v
/əˈlaʊ/
as far as (sth)
is concerned
attend
idm
v
/əz fɑː(r) əz ɪz
kənˈsɜːnd/
/əˈtend/
besides this
phr
/bɪˈsaɪdz ðɪs/
coach
n
/kəʊtʃ/
competition
n
/ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/
conference
n
/ˈkɒnfərəns/
congratulate
(on)
contribution
v
n
/kənˈɡrætʃuleɪt
(ɒn)/
/ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn/
convinced
adj
/kənˈvɪnst/
deadline
n
/ˈdedlaɪn/
delegate
n
/ˈdelɪɡət/
delighted
adj
/dɪˈlaɪtɪd/
encourage
v
/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/
a general idea
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a place to live, work or stay in - Accommodation in a five-star hotel is very expensive.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to go somewhere with sb - How many teachers will accompany the students on their trip?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to let sb do sth -You are not allowed to use a calculator during the test.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
as regards - As far as cooking is concerned, no one is better than Mum.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be present somewhere, to go somewhere quite often
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
apart from this - I don't mind picking up your things from the store. Besides, the walk will do me good.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a comfortable bus for long journeys - We went to Ankara by coach.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an event in which people compete with each other to find out who is the best at sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large official meeting - Representatives from over 100 countries attended the International Peace Conference in
Geneva.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
tell sb that you are pleased because he/she has achieved sth -I congratulated Helen on passing her driving test.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
money given to an organization to help pay for sth
In addition, many companies make contributions to employee retirement plans at the start of the year.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
completely sure about sth -We've had no news of him, but we're convinced he's still alive.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
date before which sth must be finished - The deadline for handing in our compositions is this Friday.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person elected to represent a group of people
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very pleased - His parents were absolutely delighted about the baby.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to give support or confidence to sb - I want to thank everyone who has encouraged and supported me.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
28
entitle
v
/ɪnˈtaɪtl/
entry
n
/ˈentri/
event
n
/ɪˈvent/
expenses paid
phr
/ɪkˈspens peɪd/
finance
v
/ˈfaɪnæns/
get benefit
(from)
grateful
v
phr
adj
/ɡet ˈbenɪfɪt
(frɒm)/
/ˈɡreɪtfl/
head teacher
n
/hed ˈtiːtʃə(r)/
in addition
idm
/ɪn əˈdɪʃn/
indication
n
/ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃn/
input material
phr
join
v
/ˈɪnpʊt
məˈtɪəriəl/
/dʒɔɪn/
judge
v
/dʒʌdʒ/
panel
n
/ˈpænl/
participate
(in)
prize
v
n
/pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt
(ɪn)/
/praɪz/
rush
v
/rʌʃ/
(sth) takes it
out of you
phr
/(sthg) teɪks ɪt
aʊt ɒv ju/
to give a book a title – Ethiopian Jews were entitled to immigrate to Israel under the Law of Return..
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
painting, poem, etc. that you put into a competition – The winning entrywill be published in our April issue.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a planned public or social occasion - a fund-raising event
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
without having to pay yourself, free of charge
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to give the money to pay for sth - The new motorway will be financed by the government.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to get an advantage from sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
showing thanks to sb - Dr Shah has received hundreds of letters from grateful patients.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a teacher who is in charge of a school
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used when you want to mention another person or thing after sth else
In addition to popcorn, Aunt Jessica bought us drinks to take into the cinema.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a sign that shows that sth is happening
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
information given / Input Material: means any data or other information provided by the Customer;
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to become a member of sth - My dad joined the army in 1990.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to form an opinion about sb or sth - Judging by what she said, she was very pleased.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a group of experts who give their advice
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to take part in an activity - All students are invited to participate in the school play.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth given to sb who is a winner - The first prize is a three-day break in London!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make sth move faster
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(sth) tires you a lot / Every year the winter takes it out ofme.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
29
take
advantage of
take care of
phr
phr
/teɪk
ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ ɒv/
/teɪk keə(r) ɒv/
take place
idm
/teɪk pleɪs/
take shape
phr
/teɪk ʃeɪp/
takes time
(took, taken)
v
phr
/teɪks taɪm/
(/tʊk/,
/ˈteɪkən/)
/trænˈzækʃnəl
ˈletə(r)/
/ˈvenjuː/
transactional
letter
venue
n
n
to use well - Take advantage of the sales and buy your new computer now!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to look after, to keep safe from harm
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to happen-The school song contest will take place on November 6th.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to develop well
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
cannot be done quickly, cannot be rushed / As mentioned above, it may take time to get there, but you will if you stay
faithful to your original idea.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a letter that requires action on the part of the recipient
the place where an event takes place
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
02 USE OF ENGLISH (Student’s Book pp20–21)
academic
n
/ˌækəˈdemɪk/
according to
prep /əˈkɔːdɪŋ tə/
Arabic
n
/ˈærəbɪk/
conduct
v
/kɒnˈdʌkt/
context
n
/ˈkɒntekst/
count
n
/kaʊnt/
count
v
/kaʊnt/
culture
n
/ˈkʌltʃə(r)/
endangered
adj
/ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/
a person who teaches or does research at a university
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
as stated, said by sb
According to Nick, it was Susan who stole his watch but I don’t know if I believe him.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the language spoken by millions of people in North Africa and the Middle East
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to organise and do sth /Scientists are conducting research into the effects of television on young children.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the words that come just before and after a word or phrase and help you to understand its meaning
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an act of counting to find the total number of sth / They took a count of how many people attended.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be important - Megan’s friendship counts a lot to me.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the customs and beliefs, art and way of life of a particular country or group
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
that may soon no longer exist
Our organisation helps endangered animals by protecting them from being hunted.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
30
fact
n
/fækt/
field trip
n
/fiːld trɪp/
half term
n
/hɑːf tɜːm/
Hindi
n
/ˈhɪndi/
imply
v
/ɪmˈplaɪ/
investigate
v
/ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/
keep a record
of
(kept, kept)
v
phr
likely (to)
adj
/kiːp ə ˈrekɔːd
ɒv/
(/kept/,
/kept/)
/ˈlaɪkli (tə)/
make sense
idm
/meɪk sens/
native
speaker
range
n
v
/ˈneɪtɪv
ˈspiːkə(r)/
/reɪndʒ/
recently
adv
/ˈriːsntli/
regularly
adv
/ˈreɡjələli/
research
n
/ˈriːsɜːtʃ/
scientific
adj
/ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/
shortage
n
/ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/
a thing that is true rather than something that has been invented
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a journey made by a group of people, often students, to study sth in its natural environment
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a short holiday in the middle of each term
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the language spoken by millions of people in India
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to suggest that sth is true
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to find out information and facts about a subject or problem by study or research
The police are investigating the burglary at the City Hall.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to keep a written account of sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
probable or expected
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to have a meaning that you can easily understand
This phrase doesn’t make sense; what do you think it means?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who speaks a language as their first language
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to include a variety of things - Metalex manufacture products ranging from buckets to cars.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not long ago - Have you seen Liam recently?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
at regular intervals or times
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a careful study of a subject
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
connected with science - a scientific discovery
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
situation when there isn’t enough of sth that is needed
There are water shortages on the island in the summer.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
31
slim chance
n
/slɪm tʃɑːns/
storehouse
n
/ˈstɔːhaʊs/
survival
n
/səˈvaɪvl/
the globe
n
/ðə ɡləʊb/
timetable
n
/ˈtaɪmteɪbl/
transfer
v
/ˈtrænsfɜː(r)/
transmit
v
/trænsˈmɪt/
a small possibility of sth happening
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
building where things are stored
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
continuing to live despite danger, difficulties, etc.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the world
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a list showing the times at which particular events will happen
Check the timetable and see when the first train to Bristol leaves tomorrow morning.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move from one place to another
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to pass sth from one person to another -I will try not to transmit my fear of heights to my son.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
32
02 LISTENING (Student's Book p22)
absolutely
adv
/ˈæbsəluːtli/
aim
n
/eɪm/
appealing
adj
/əˈpiːlɪŋ/
at the end of
the day
attraction
idm
n
/æt ðə end ɒv
ðə deɪ/
/əˈtrækʃn/
burst into
tears
carry out
v phr
/bɜːst ɪntə tɪəz/
phr v
/ˈkæri aʊt/
community
n
/kəˈmjuːnəti/
consideration
n
/kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃn/
creature
n
/ˈkriːtʃə(r)/
delicate
adj
/ˈdelɪkət/
downside
n
/ˈdaʊnsaɪd/
employment
n
/ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/
fund
v
/fʌnd/
grab
v
/ɡræb/
in the hope of
idm
/ɪn ðə həʊp ɒv/
incredible
adj
/ɪnˈkredəbl/
without any doubt - He made his reasons for resigning absolutely clear.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the purpose of doing sth -Our main aim is to help students with their future careers.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
attractive, interesting
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to introduce the most important fact after everything has been considered
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an interesting place to visit
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to suddenly start crying a lot - Jill burst into tears when she heard that her cat had died.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to do and complete a task - In our Chemistry class we often carry out experiments in our lab.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a group of people who share a common interest
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
something that must be thought about when you are planning or deciding sth
environmental considerations
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a living thing - We should respect all living creatures.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
easily damaged or broken - Our eyes are very delicate, so we need to protect them from damage.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Disadvantage - The downside of working from home is that you can get lonely with no colleagues to talk to.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
work done to earn money
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to provide money for sth, usually sth official - The museum is privately funded.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to take sth in a hurry or violently
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
because you want sth to happen -Susan did a crash course in French in the hope of getting that job in Paris.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
impossible to believe, unbelievable
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
33
industry
n
/ˈɪndəstri/
knock-on
adj
/nɒk ɒn/
let go
idm
/let ɡəʊ/
limit
v
/ˈlɪmɪt/
marine
adj
/məˈriːn/
measures
n pl
/ˈmeʒəz/
outshine
(outshone,
outshone)
paraphrase
v
/ˌaʊtˈʃaɪn/
(/ˌaʊtˈʃɒn/,
/ˌaʊtˈʃɒn/)
/ˈpærəfreɪz/
v
pencil in
phr v
/pensl ˈɪn/
point of view
n
/pɔɪnt ɒv vjuː/
proportions
n pl
/prəˈpɔːʃnz/
raise money
phr
/reɪz ˈmʌni/
respect
v
/rɪˈspekt/
sideline
n
/ˈsaɪdlaɪn/
source
n
/sɔːs/
tour operator
n
turn out (to be)
phr v
/ˈtɔː(r)
ɒpəreɪtə(r)/
/tɜːn aʊt (tə bi)/
the people and activities involved in producing a particular thing, or in providing a particular service
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
causing other events to happen one after another in a series
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to allow sb/sth to be free - The little girl was scared and wouldn’t let go of my hand.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stop sth from increasing
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
connected with the sea
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
official actions done to achieve sth - The headmistress took measures to reduce bullying in school.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be more impressive than sb/sth - Kelly was outstanding and outshone every other player on the field.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to express sth in different words
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make a note of sth that might need to be changed
Our teacher asked us to pencil in the trip to Paris in our diaries.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a particular way of considering or judging a situation
From a passenger’s point of view, the XL model is the most comfortable.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
measurement of sth, its shape and size
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to collect money, usually to help sb
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be careful about sth - Young people should respect the elderly.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth you do apart from your normal job in order to earn extra money
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the place where sth comes from - The school library is a source of information for both students and teachers.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person or company that organises tours
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to prove to be - The job turned out to be more interesting that I had thought.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
34
volunteer
n
/ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/
wildlife
n
/ˈwaɪldlaɪf/
a person who does a job without being paid for it
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
animals, birds, insects, etc. that are wild and live in a natural environment
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
02 SPEAKING (Student's Book p23)
briefly
adv
/ˈbriːfli/
media
n
/ˈmiːdiə/
outdoor
adj
/ˈaʊtdɔː(r)/
refer to
v
/rɪˈfɜː(r) tə/
response
n
/rɪˈspɒns/
the long turn
phr
/ðə lɒŋ tɜːn/
in a few words
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the main ways that large numbers of people receive information and entertainment
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used, happening or situated outside rather than in a building  Only used before a noun.
an outdoor swimming pool
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to send or use sth for help, advice or a decision - If you get lost, please refer to the map I have given you.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an answer to sth - I sent three letters to Diana, but I received no response.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
this is the name of the task you will need to perform in the Speaking exam – you have to speak for one minute
about two photos that the examiner will show you
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
35
Entertainment & Pleasure UNIT-
3
Tips for using this wordlist
- Write translations in the empty column.
- Make your own sentence for each word in the right-hand column. (MS= My Sentence)
Word
Part
of Speech
03 READING (Student’s Book pp26–27)
Phonetics
achievement
n
/əˈtʃiːvmənt/
acrobatics
n pl
admission
n
/ˌækrəˈbætɪks
/
/ədˈmɪʃn/
adopt
v
/əˈdɒpt/
agent
n
/ˈeɪdʒənt/
celebration
n
/ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn/
chase
v
/tʃeɪs/
circus
n
/ˈsɜːkəs/
close up
coaster
adj
n
/kləʊs ʌp/
/ˈkəʊstə(r)/
Translation
Definition And Example Sentence
a thing that sb has done successfully, esp. using their own effort and skill
Winning the tournament was an extraordinary achievement for such a young athlete.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
difficult acts or movements with the body
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
money that you pay to go into a building or to an event
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to take a child into your family as your own child
As they couldn’t have any children of their own, they adopted a little boy.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who is used by a government to find out secret information about other countries or governments
James Bond is supposed to be a secret agent for the British government.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a special event that people organise in order to show that a day or an event is important
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to run, drive, etc. after sb/sth in order to catch them
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a group of entertainers, sometimes with trained animals, who perform skilful or amusing acts in a show that
travels around to different places
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
very near
a ride at a fairground that goes up and down very steep slopes and that people ride on for fun and excitement
 Also: roller coaster.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
36
complex
n
/ˈkɒmpleks/
conservation
n
/ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/
corps
n
/kɔː(r)/
cover
v
/ˈkʌvə(r)/
dine
v
/daɪn/
discovery
n
/dɪˈskʌvəri/
dismiss
v
/dɪsˈmɪs/
disturbance
n
/dɪˈstɜːbəns/
donation
n
/dəʊˈneɪʃn/
dress up
phr
v
phr
v
/dres ʌp/
encounter
n
/ɪnˈkaʊntə(r)/
entertainment
n
entire
adj
/ˌentəˈteɪnmə
nt/
/ɪnˈtaɪə(r)/
exotic
adj
/ɪɡˈzɒtɪk/
far and wide
idm
/fɑː(r) ænd
waɪd/
embark on
/ɪmˈbɑːk ɒn/
a group of buildings of a similar type together in one place
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
the protection of the natural environment
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a group of people involved in a particular job or activity
When Jason joined the diplomatic corps, we were all very happy for him.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to provide enough money for sth - Two hundred euros should cover your travel expenses.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to eat dinner
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
an act or the process of finding sb/sth not known before
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to officially remove sb from their job -He was dismissed because he was always late for work.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a situation in which people behave violently in a public place
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
something that is given to a person or an organisation such as a charity
We are grateful for even the smallest donations to our charity.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to put on special clothes to pretend to be sb/sth different -The girls love to dress up as princesses.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to start to do sth new or difficult
Before you embark on home repairs, make sure you have calculated costs accurately.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a sudden or unexpected meeting -This chapter describes the encounter of young Lizzy and a fox in the woods.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
Amusement -The cinema is my favourite entertainment.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
used to emphasise that the whole of sth is involved - The entire island was destroyed by the earthquake.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
exciting and unusual because it is connected with foreign countries
brightly coloured exotic flowers
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
Everywhere - We’ve searched for our cat far and wide, but we can’t find him.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
37
festivities
n pl
/feˈstɪvətiz/
floorless
adj
/ˈflɔː(r)ləs/
foundation
n
/faʊnˈdeɪʃn/
fun-loving
adj
/ˈfʌn lʌvɪŋ/
get through
(got, got)
gourmet
phr
v
adj
/ɡet θruː/
(/ɡɒt/, /ɡɒt/)
/ˈɡʊəmeɪ/
headquarters
n pl
/ˌhedˈkwɔːtəz/
height
n
/haɪt/
high-tech ride
phr
/haɪ tek raɪd/
hit
n
/hɪt/
huge
adj
/hjuːdʒ/
impressive
adj
/ɪmˈpresɪv/
in the open air
phr
/ɪn ðə ˈəʊpən
eə(r)/
inhabit
v
/ɪnˈhæbɪt/
jaw-dropping
adj
/dʒɔː drɒpɪŋ/
kick (sb) out of
phr
v
/kɪk (sb) aʊt
ɒv/
the activities that are organised to celebrate a special event - New Year’s festivities
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
without a floor
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
an organisation that is established to provide money for a particular purpose
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
liking to enjoy themselves / She said: "They were just two fun-loving people enjoying their retirement together.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to manage to do or complete sth
Vivian got through her exams with excellent marks, even though she was sick the whole week before.
of high quality and often expensive -  Only before a noun.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a place from which an organisation is controlled
-Most companies prefer to have their headquarters in the city centre.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
the measurement of how tall a person or thing is
One of the climbers fell from a height of 25 metres.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a large machine of the latest technology at an amusement park
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a thing that is very popular -a hit musical
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
extremely large - The film was a huge success; it sold millions of tickets.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
making you feel admiration
Lexi was an impressive dramatic actress.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
happening outside rather than inside a building
In the summer, there are cinemas where you can watch a film in the open air.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to live in a particular place - The summer house has not been inhabited for more than a year.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
very surprising; impressive; making you feel respect and admiration
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to make sb leave or go away
-They were kicked out of the pub because they were drunk and started to cause trouble.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
38
kick myself
idm
/ˈkɪk maɪself/
kick off
/kɪk ɒf/
kick up a fuss
phr
v
idm
kid
n
/kɪd/
killer whale
n
/ˈkɪlə(r) weɪl/
launch
n
/lɔːntʃ/
leading
adj
/ˈliːdɪŋ/
line-up
n
/ˈlaɪn ʌp/
located
adj
/ləʊˈkeɪtɪd/
manage
v
/ˈmænɪdʒ/
masses (of)
n pl
/ˈmæsɪz (ɒv)/
massive
adj
/ˈmæsɪv/
nail-biting
adj
/neɪl ˈbaɪtɪŋ/
numerous
adj
/ˈnjuːmərəs/
opportunity
n
/ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/
/kɪk ʌp ə fʌs/
to be annoyed with myself because I have done sth stupid
She’ll kick herself when she realises she could have won the competition.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to start - We’d better kick off with the meeting at nine – or is it too early?
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to complain loudly about sth - Did you have to kick up a fuss about such a silly mistake?
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
Child - When I was a kid, I used to love playing Monopoly.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a small black and white whale that eats meat
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
the action of sending a spacecraft, weapon, etc. into space or into the sky
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
most important or most successful  Only before a noun.
My brother has just been offered the leading role in a new TV series!
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a set of items or events arranged to follow one another
There is a very interesting line-up of documentaries on TV this week.
if sth is located in a particular place, it exists there or has been put there  Not used before a noun.
The bedrooms are located on the first floor.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to succeed in doing sth, esp. sth difficult
Can you manage that door Mike? It looks awfully heavy.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a large number or amount of sth / I stood outside and saw a mass of black smoke to the south
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
very large, heavy and solid - a massive rock
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
making you feel very excited or anxious because you do not know what is going to happen
 Usually before a noun.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
existing in large numbers / I want to thank all the people, too numerous to mention, who've helped me win this
election.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a chance; a time when it is possible to achieve sth
Their offer was such a good opportunity that we decided not to miss it.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
39
perform
v
/pəˈfɔːm/
pet
v
/pet/
protest
v
/prəʊˈtest/
queue
n
/kjuː/
rescue
n
/ˈreskjuː/
restriction (on)
n
reveal
v
/rɪˈstrɪkʃn
(ɒn)/
/rɪˈviːl/
sea lion
n
/siː ˈlaɪən/
secret
n
/ˈsiːkrət/
session
n
/ˈseʃn/
shelter
n
/ˈʃeltə(r)/
shuttle
n
/ˈʃʌtl/
simulator
n
/ˈsɪmjuleɪtə(r)
/
sloth
n
/sləʊθ/
spin
v
/spɪn/
to entertain an audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc.
perform in front of a live audience
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to move your hand gently over an animal or a child in a kind and loving way
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to say or do sth to show that you disagree with or disapprove of sth, esp. publicly
Students took to the streets to protest against the decision.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a line of people waiting for sth or to do sth -When I saw the huge queue at the bank, I decided not to wait.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
the act of saving sb/sth from a dangerous or difficult situation
As soon as the man heard the boy scream, he ran to his rescue.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
Limitation -Most highways have a speed restriction.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to make sth known to sb - When the scandal was revealed by the press, the minister was forced to resign.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a large seal that is found on the shores of the Pacific Ocean
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
something that is known about by only a few people and not told to others
A good friend should keep your secrets and not tell anyone else.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a period of time that is spent doing a particular activity - a session with his personal trainer
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a safe place for sb
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a spacecraft designed to be used for travelling between the earth and a space station
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a piece of equipment that artificially creates a particular set of conditions so that sb may experience sth that
seems real
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a South American animal that lives in trees and moves very slowly
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to turn or make sth turn round and round quickly -Some ice skaters can spin incredibly fast on the ice.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
40
star
adj
/stɑː(r)/
steel
n
/stiːl/
stingray
n
/ˈstɪŋreɪ/
storey
n
/ˈstɔːri/
straight
through
tend (to be)
phr
/streɪt θruː/
v
/tend/
terrifying
adj
/ˈterɪfaɪɪŋ/
the sky’s the
limit
theme park
idm
n
/ðə skaɪz ðə
ˈlɪmɪt/
/θiːm pɑːk/
townspeople
n pl
/ˈtaʊnzpiːpl/
trainee
n
/ˌtreɪˈniː/
trek
n
/trek/
trick
n
/trɪk/
ultimate
adj
/ˈʌltɪmət/
unique
adj
/juˈniːk/
uplifting
adj
/ˌʌpˈlɪftɪŋ/
the best of a group - Usually before a noun.
The star prize of the competition is a trip to London, with all expenses paid.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a strong hard metal that is made of a mixture of iron and carbon
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a kind of flat sea fish with a long tail
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a level of a building -the lower storey of the house
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
from one end or side of sth to the other
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to be likely - Our village is up in the mountains, so winters tend to be very cold.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
extremely frightening
Spending a night in jail was a terrifying experience.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
there is no limit to what sb can achieve
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a large park where people go to enjoy themselves, and where much of the entertainment is connected with one
subject or idea
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
people who live in a particular town -The townspeople were offered free day-passes to the resort.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who is being taught how to do a particular job
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a long hard walk - I don’t think going back on foot is a good idea; it’s a long trek back home.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a clever action that sb performs as a way of entertaining people
The magician’s last trick was unbelievable!
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
most extreme, greatest or most important
-This five-star resort and spa guarantees the ultimate holiday for relaxation.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
very special or unusual - Don’t miss this unique opportunity to meet the film star in person!
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
making you feel happier or more hopeful
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
41
vacation
n
/vəˈkeɪʃn/
vehicle
n
/ˈviːəkl/
warn
v
/wɔːn/
wet
adj
/wet/
whether
con
j
n
/ˈweðə(r)/
wildlife refuge
/ˈwaɪldlaɪf
ˈrefjuːdʒ/
American English for ‘holiday’ - Vacation also means: one of the periods of time when schools are closed.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
sth that transports people from one place to another
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to tell sb about sth, esp. sth dangerous or unpleasant that is likely to happen, so that they can avoid it
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
covered with or containing liquid, esp. Water
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
used to express a doubt or choice between two possibilities
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a place that provides shelter or protection for wild animals
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
03 WRITING (Student’s Book pp28–29)
announcement
n
/əˈnaʊnsmənt/
approachable
adj
/əˈprəʊtʃəbl/
awful
adj
/ˈɔːfl/
background
music
charming
n
adj
/ˈbækɡraʊnd
ˈmjuːzɪk/
/ˈtʃɑːmɪŋ/
despite
prep
/dɪˈspaɪt/
drop out
phr v
/drɒp aʊt/
even though
conj
/ˈiːvn ðəʊ/
film set
n
/fɪlm set/
go blank
(went, gone)
v phr
/ɡəʊ blæŋk/
(/went/, /ɡɒn/)
a spoken or written statement that informs people about sth
Pete and Josie’s announcement of their wedding took us by surprise.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
friendly and easy to talk to, open
If you have any problems, the head teacher is very approachable.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
very bad, unpleasant
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
the music used in a film
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
very pleasant, attractive / He was charming, good-looking and in his early forties.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
even though - They decided to make the trip despite my warnings about the storm that was approaching.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to leave school or university without finishing your studies
Diane’s parents begged her not to drop out of university in her final year, but she wouldn’t listen.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
in spite of what has happened - Even though she was so horrible to me, I have forgiven her.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a place where a movie is filmed
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to have no pictures - My computer screen suddenly went blank and I lost all the work that I’d done that day.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
42
in order that
idm
/ɪn ˈɔːdə(r) ðæt/
in spite of
phr
/ɪn spaɪt ɒv/
introduce
v
/ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/
issue
n
/ˈɪʃuː/
moreover
adv
/mɔːrˈəʊvə(r)/
nevertheless
adv
/ˌnevəðəˈles/
new release
n
/njuː rɪˈliːs/
physical
adj
/ˈfɪzɪkl/
publish
v
/ˈpʌblɪʃ/
reputation
n
/ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/
screen
n
/skriːn/
soap opera
n
/səʊp ˈɒpərə/
stunt
n
/stʌnt/
terrific
adj
/təˈrɪfɪk/
trailer
n
/ˈtreɪlə(r)/
trilogy
n
/ˈtrɪlədʒi/
turn my
attention to
v phr
/tɜːn maɪ əˈtenʃn
tə/
so that sth can happen The company opened new offices in Paris in order that they can promote European sales.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
even though -In spite of the danger, the fireman entered the burning building to save the child’s life.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to tell two or more people who have not met before what each other’s names are
May I introduce your new English teacher? She’s from New York.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
one of a regular series of magazines or newspapers
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
in addition-You have made serious mistakes in your work Mr Hadley. Moreover, you repeatedly arrive late for
work.MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
in spite of sth you have mentioned-I trust him but nevertheless, when I gave him the money, I asked for a receipt.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a film that has just been made available to the public
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
with the body, not the mind
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to print a letter, an article, etc. in a newspaper or magazine
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
the opinion people have about sb
Stella has a reputation for being dishonest so don’t leave your purse lying around.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
the flat surface at the front of a television or computer, or the large flat surface at the cinema, on which you see
pictures or information
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a story about the lives of a group of people, which is broadcast regularly on TV
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
dangerous act in a film
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
great, fantastic -  Don’t confuse it with terrifying which means frightening.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a series of short scenes from a film, shown as an advertisement
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a group of three books or films that have the same subject
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
start being involved in - When I became bored with waterskiing, I turned my attention to surfing.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
43
03 USE OF ENGLISH (Student’s Book pp30–31)
amateur
n
/ˈæmətə(r)/
autograph
n
/ˈɔːtəɡrɑːf/
band
n
/bænd/
be out of
tune
bench
idm
n
/bi aʊt ɒv
tjuːn/
/bentʃ/
compose
v
/kəmˈpəʊz/
curious
adj
/ˈkjʊəriəs/
disaster
n
/dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/
fan
n
/fæn/
fortunate
adj
/ˈfɔːtʃənət/
found
(founded,
founded)
hand (sb sth)
v
/faʊnd/
(/faʊndɪd/,
/faʊndɪd/)
/hænd (sb sth)/
hold a concert
(held, held)
howl
v phr
v
həʊldəˈkɒnsət
(/held/, /held/)
/haʊl/
in my view
phr
/ɪn ˈmaɪ vjuː/
in public
idm
/ɪn ˈpʌblɪk/
inspire
v
/ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/
v
not a professional
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a famous person’s signature
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a small group of musicians who play popular music together
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to not be singing or playing the correct musical notes to sound pleasant
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a long seat for two or more people, usually made of wood
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to write music
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
wanting to know more about sth -I’m curious to find out what Philip’s ‘exciting news’ is.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
very bad accident, flood, fire, earthquake, etc.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who admires sb/sth very much  Also: fanatic (n)
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
having or bringing an advantage
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to start sth, such as an organisation or an institution, esp. by providing money
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to pass or give sth to sb - The airport official handed us our passport and told us to go to gate 32.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to organise a concert
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to make a long loud sound
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
in my opinion -In my view, schools should start later in the mornings.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
when other people, esp. people you do not know, are present
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to give sb the desire or enthusiasm to do sth well
Great athletes often inspire children to get involved in sport.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
44
interrupt
v
/ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/
lay the table
(laid, laid)
master
phr
v
/leɪ ðə ˈteɪbl/
(/leɪd/, /leɪd/)
ˈmɑːstə(r)
member
n
ˈmembə(r)
musical
instrument
mystery
n
n
/ˈmjuːzɪkl
ˈɪnstrəmənt/
/ˈmɪstri/
newsflash
occurrence
n
n
/ˈnjuːzflæʃ/
/əˈkʌrəns/
packed (with)
adj
/pækt (wɪð)/
put on
(put, put)
rehearse
phr v
v
/pʊt ɒn/
(/pʊt/, /pʊt/)
/rɪˈhɜːs/
relation
n
/rɪˈleɪʃn/
review
n
/rɪˈvjuː/
sensibly
adj
/ˈsensəbli/
support
n
/səˈpɔːt/
suspect
v
/ˈsʌspekt/
to do sth that stops sb else from what they were doing or saying
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to arrange knives, forks, plates, etc. on a table ready for a meal
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to learn or understand sth completely - master a foreign language
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a person or an animal that belongs to a particular group
Janine is a very close friend; she’s practically a member of the family.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
an object used for producing musical sounds
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
sth that is difficult to understand or to explain
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a short item of important news that is broadcast on radio or television
sth that happens
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
containing a lot of a particular thing
My handbag was so packed with things that it took ages to find my mobile phone.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to produce or present a play, a show, etc. -I heard that the Badminton Theatre will be putting on ‘Cats’; is it true?
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to practise a play or a piece of music
-The band rehearsed for six hours, but they still weren’t ready for the concert.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
relative; a person who is in the same family as sb else
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a report in which sb gives their opinion of a book, play, film, etc.
The new play must be good; it has received excellent reviews.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
in a way that shows good judgement
As Liam wasn’t feeling well, he sensibly decided not to go out for a drink.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
encouragement that you give to sb because you want them to be successful
When I lost my job, I had no alternative but to ask my parents for financial support.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to have an idea that sth is probably true or likely to happen, esp. sth bad, but without having definite proof
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
45
there’s no
stopping us
tolerate
phr
v
/ðeə(r)z nəʊ
stɒpɪŋ ʌs/
/ˈtɒləreɪt/
unkind
adj
/ˌʌnˈkaɪnd/
nothing can prevent us from achieving what we want to achieve
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to allow or accept sth that you don’t agree with
Our teacher is very strict and won’t tolerate anyone talking in class.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
unpleasant; slightly cruel - Karen’s unkind comments really upset my sister.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
46
03 LISTENING (Student's Book p32)
annoyed
adj
/əˈnɔɪd/
at least
idm
/æt liːst/
biting (wind)
adj
can’t bear
v
/ˈbaɪtɪŋ
(wind)/
/kɑːnt beə(r)/
can’t help
idm
/kɑːnt help/
can’t stand
v phr
/kɑːnt stænd/
crowded
adj
/ˈkraʊdɪd/
cup final
n
/kʌp ˈfaɪnl/
delay
v
/dɪˈleɪ/
display
n
/dɪˈspleɪ/
dreadful
adj
/ˈdredfl/
feel like
idm
/fiːl laɪk/
fireworks
n pl
/ˈfaɪəwɜːks/
get hold of
idm
/ɡet həʊld ɒv/
keen (on)
adj
/kiːn (ɒn)/
mad about
adj
/mæd əbaʊt/
make a fuss
idm
/meɪk ə fʌs/
slightly angry / Meg was annoyed with me because I forgot to stop and buy bread on my way home.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
not less than - She must be at least 40.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
(of a wind) very cold and unpleasant
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to be unable to accept something unpleasant
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
impossible to prevent or avoid sth - I can’t help eating chocolate! I just love it!
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to dislike - I can’t stand cold weather, so I hate winter.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
having a lot of people or too many people
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
the last match in a series of matches in a competition
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to not do sth until a later time or to make sth happen at a later time
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
an act of showing sth happening, in order to entertain
an amazing display of acrobatics
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
unpleasant, horrible
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to want to do sth
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a display of small devices containing powder, that explode and produce brightly coloured lights
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
manage to find -How on earth did you get hold of Madonna’s autograph?
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
interested in - My sister is keen on jazz.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
liking sth/sb very much -My son is mad about football; he never misses a match.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to pay a lot of attention to sb
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
47
make it to
idm
/meɪk ɪt tə/
muddy
adj
/ˈmʌdi/
my idea of
phr
/maɪ aɪˈdɪə
ɒv/
object (to)
v
postpone
v
/əbˈdʒekt
(tə)/
/pəˈspəʊn/
pretend
v
/prɪˈtend/
second-rate
adj
/sekənd reɪt/
stumble over
my lines
v phr
treat
n
/ˈstʌmbl
ˈəʊvə(r) maɪ
laɪnz/
/triːt/
to be able to be present at a place
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
full of or covered in wet earth that is soft and sticky
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
my impression of what sth is like
Going to a football match is not my idea of fun; I find it incredibly boring.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to disagree with, disapprove of or oppose sth - Most local people object to the new highway.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to arrange for an event to take place at a later time
Judith came down with the flu, so we had to postpone our holidays for later in the spring.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to behave in a way that makes other people believe sth that is not true
I pretended to like Mum’s roast chicken, but in fact I didn’t.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
not very good or impressive - A hundred euros per night is too much money for such a second-rate hotel.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to make mistakes and stop while speaking in a play or film
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
sth pleasant that you give to, or do for, sb - Going to the zoo is a special treat for me and my brother.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
03 SPEAKING (Student's Book p33)
collaborative
adj
/kəˈlæbərətɪv/
invite
v
/ɪnˈvaɪt/
reach a
decision
v phr
/riːtʃ ə dɪˈsɪʒn/
task
n
/tɑːsk/
time
v
/taɪm/
turn-take
v
/tɜːn teɪk/
involving the work of many people - a collaborative effort
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to ask sb formally to do sth - At the end of the presentation, the speaker invited questions from the audience.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to arrive at finally making a decision - It’s quite difficult to reach a decision when many people take part in a
discussion.
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
a piece of work that sb has to do
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to measure how long it takes for sth to happen
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
to speak when it is your time to do so
MS:_________________________________________________________________________________________
48
Homes and Families UNIT-4
Write translations in the empty column.
Make your own sentence for each word in the right-hand column. (MS= My Sentence)
-
Word
Part
of Speech
04 READING (Student’s Book pp36–37)
Phonetics
as is commonly
the case
phr
be better off
phr
be bound to
phr
/æz ɪz
ˈkɒmənli ðə
keɪs/
/bi ˈbetə(r)
ɒf/
/bi baʊnd tə/
bone
n
/bəʊn/
breeches
n pl
/ˈbrɪtʃɪz/
cadge
v
/kædʒ/
calculate
v
/ˈkælkjuleɪt/
cart
n
/kɑːt/
chimney
n
/ˈtʃɪmni/
connection
n
/kəˈnekʃn/
conviction
n
/kənˈvɪkʃn/
crossroads
n pl
/ˈkrɒsrəʊdz/
Translation
Definition And Example Sentence
in the way that sth usually happens
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be happier or more satisfied - I think we’ll be better off if we take a taxi. It’s too late to walk back home.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be certain to happen - He’s bound to tell you about his new car – he never talks about anything else.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
any of the hard parts that form the skeleton of the body of a human or an animal
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
short trousers fastened blow the knee - riding breeches
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to ask sb for sth because you can’t pay for it yourself -cadge a lift
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to find the answer - I’ve calculated that we need another 2,000 euros to pay for the car.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a vehicle with two or four wheels pulled by a horse
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large pipe for passing smoke from a fire into the open air
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a point where two things are connected
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
strong opinion, belief- Maria goes to church every Sunday and has deep religious convictions.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a place where two roads meet and cross each other
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
49
disappointment
n
divide
v
/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt
mənt/
/dɪˈvaɪd/
drop
v
/drɒp/
earthenware
adj
/ˈɜːθnweə(r)/
earthly
adj
/ˈɜːθli/
errand
n
/ˈerənd/
extract
n
/ˈekstrækt/
for
conj
/fɔː(r)/
fortune
n
/ˈfɔːtʃuːn/
frost
n
/frɒst/
glove
n
/ɡlʌv/
go through
(went, gone)
phr
v
halt
v
/ɡəʊ θruː/
(/went/,
/ɡɒn/)
/hɒlt/
happen (to be)
v
have in
common
hide
(hid, hidden)
phr
hole
n
v
/ˈhæpən (tə
bi)/
/hæv ɪn
ˈkɒmən/
/haɪd/
(/hɪd/,
/ˈhɪdn/)
/həʊl/
sadness because you haven’t succeeded
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to separate -They divided the birthday cake into 15 pieces
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________.
to let fall by accident -Oh no! I’ve dropped the vase and broken it!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
made of hard-baked clay -an earthenware pot
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
connected with life on earth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a short journey to buy/get/do sth for sb
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a short passage from a book, piece of music, etc. that gives you an idea of what the whole thing is like
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Becausec-We should all demonstrate against war, for peace is the most valuable thing in the world.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a lot of money -When his uncle died, Danny came into an enormous fortune.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
thin layer of white ice that appears when temperature reaches freezing point
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a covering for the hand with separate parts for each finger and the thumb
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to examine sth carefully in order to find sth
I went through the whole notebook without finding the algebra formulas I needed.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stop
He was run over by at least twelve wagons before the train was brought to an halt.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to do or be sth by chance -Come round for a cup of coffee next time you happen to be in town.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
have similar characteristics -My sister and I have a lot in common; we both like books, music and sports.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to put or keep sb/sth in a place where they/it cannot be seen or found
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a hollow space in sth solid or in the surface of sth -The bomb blew a huge hole in the ground.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
50
in the form of
phr
/ɪn ðə fɔːm
ɒv/
/ˈkiːpseɪk/
keepsake
n
lead
(led, led)
medal
v
n
/liːd/
(/led/, /led/)
/ˈmedl/
miss (sth)
v
/mɪs/
motto
n
/ˈmɒtəʊ/
out of reach
phr
/aʊt ɒv riːtʃ/
outbuilding
n
/ˈaʊtbɪldɪŋ/
pipe
n
/paɪp/
pond
n
/pɒnd/
possession
n
/pəˈzeʃn/
poulterer
n
/ˈpəʊltərə(r)/
poverty
n
/ˈpɒvəti/
puddle
n
/ˈpʌdl/
rather
adv
/ˈrɑːðə(r)/
recover
v
/rɪˈkʌvə(r)/
sharply
adv
/ˈʃɑːpli/
the particular way sth is, seems, looks or is presented -Help in the form of money will be very welcome.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a small object sb gives you so that you can remember them
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to connect one place to another - This narrow path leads up to the top of the hill.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a flat piece of metal that is given to the winner of a competition or to sb who has been brave
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to notice that sb or sth is not where they should be
We’re missing about five pieces for this puzzle – it’s so annoying.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a short sentence that expresses the beliefs of a person or an institution
‘Knowledge, tradition, discipline’ is the motto of our school.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
at a distance so that sth cannot be reached
Jenny put the cake tin out of reach on a high shelf so the children wouldn’t be able to get it.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a building, such as a stable, that is built near a main building
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a tube through which liquids or gases can flow - a water pipe
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
small area of water, especially artificial -a fish pond
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth that you own -My little sister’s most treasured possession is her teddy bear.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who sells chickens, ducks, etc./ Paul's, and I should be as glad of poulterer as you could be.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the state of being poor - A lot of people in third world countries live in poverty.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a small amount of water that has collected in one place
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to mean ‘fairly’ or ‘to some degree’ -It was a rather difficult question.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to find sth which was missing
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
suddenly and by a large amount -The road fell sharply away to the sea below.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
51
shortly
adv
/ˈʃɔːtli/
skate
v
/skeɪt/
slope
v
/sləʊp/
stable-yard
n
/ˈsteɪbl jɑːd/
stow away
/stəʊ əˈweɪ/
stranger (to)
phr
v
n
stream
n
take (sb’s) fancy
phr
thaw
n
/teɪk (sb’s)
ˈfænsi/
/θɔː/
the case
n
/ðə keɪs/
throw
(threw, thrown)
v
transparency
n
treasured
adj
/θrəʊ/
(/θruː/,
/θrəʊn/)
/trænsˈpærə
nsi/
/ˈtreʒəd/
valley
n
/ˈvæli/
vase
n
/vɑːz/
wash (away)
v
/wɒʃ (əˈweɪ)/
/ˈstreɪndʒə(r)
(tə)/
/striːm/
a short time (ago/in the future) -Your friend left shortly before you arrived.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move on special shoes over ice
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
if the ground slopes, it goes up or down
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an area around or near a stable (where horses are kept)
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to put sth in a safe place -He stowed his penknife away in a pocket of his backpack.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who is in a place that they have not been in before
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
small river
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to attract or please sb - The shiny birthday decorations took the baby’s fancy.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
when ice turns back into water
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the true situation -Ken told me Lyn might be in trouble. If that’s the case, perhaps we could help her.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to send sth from your hand through the air by moving your hand or arm quickly
Stop throwing stones at the window.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the quality of being able to be seen through; sth like ice or glass
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
valuable, that you consider very special -a treasured memory
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an area of low land between hills or mountains
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a container made of glass, etc. used for holding cut flowers
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of water) to carry sth in a particular direction
Most of the leaves in our garden were washed away by the heavy rain.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
52
04 WRITING (Student's Book pp38–39)
characteristic
adj
/ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/
contraction
n
/kənˈtrækʃn/
dish
n
/dɪʃ/
exchange
n
/ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/
explore
v
/ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/
figure
n
/ˈfɪɡə(r)/
nearby
adv /ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/
outskirts
n
pl
/ˈaʊtskɜːts/
port
n
/pɔːt/
recommendation
n
/ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn/
river cruise
n
/ˈrɪvə(r) kruːz/
suitable
adj
/ˈsjuːtəbl/ or
/ˈsuːtəbl/
surrounding
adj
/səˈraʊndɪŋ/
very typical of
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a shorter form of a word -‘Won’t’ is a contraction of ‘will not’.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a type of food that is prepared in a particular way -Moussaka is a traditional Greek dish.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an arrangement when two people or groups from different countries visit each other’s homes
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to travel around a country or place in order to learn about it
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
number
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not far away
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the parts of a town or city that are furthest from the centre
It takes me a long time to get to the centre because I live on the outskirts of the city.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a place where ships load and unload goods, or where they shelter from storms
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a suggestion about the best thing to do
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a journey on a river visiting or looking at different places
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
right or appropriate for a particular purpose or occasion
This programme is not suitable for children.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
that is near or around sth -Oxford and the surrounding area.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
53
04 USE OF ENGLISH (Student’s Book pp40–41)
arrangement
n
/əˈreɪndʒmənt/
cloud
n
/klaʊd/
determination
n
/dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn/
dramatically
adv
/drəˈmætɪkli/
firm
adj
/fɜːm/
forecast
n
/ˈfɔːkɑːst/
green space
phr
/ɡriːn speɪs/
intend
v
/ɪnˈtend/
intention
n
/ɪnˈtenʃn/
offer
n
/ˈɒfə(r)/
population
n
/ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/
prediction
n
/prɪˈdɪkʃn/
promise
v
/ˈprɒmɪs/
resources
n pl
/rɪˈsɔːsɪz/
a plan or preparation that you make so that sth can happen
make arrangements for the weekend
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a grey or white mass made of very small drops of water, which floats in the sky
The sun went behind a cloud.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the quality that makes you continue trying to do sth even when it is difficult
I admired her determination to get it right.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
suddenly and very much -The price of gas has increased dramatically in the last two months.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
steady, not likely to change
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a statement about what will happen in the future based on information that is available now
sales forecasts
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an area with trees and/or flowers, etc., such as a park
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to have a plan, result or purpose in mind when you do sth
We finished later than we intended.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
what sb plans to do -I have no intention of going to her party – I hate her!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an act of saying that you are willing to do sth for sb or give sth to sb
Thank you for your kind offer to help.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
all the people who live in a particular area
What’s the population of Greece? About eleven million people.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
statement about what you think will happen in the future
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to tell sb that you will definitely do sth or not do sth, or that sth will definitely happen
Promise not to tell anyone!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth that is available to use
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
54
the washing-up
n
/ðə ˈwɒʃɪŋ ʌp/
tidy up
phr v
/ˈtaɪdi ʌp/
the act of washing plates, glasses, etc. after a meal
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to clean and put things in a room in their proper place
Mum doesn’t mind if I bring friends over to play, as long as we tidy up my room when we finish.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
04 LISTENING (Student's Book p42)
affect
v
/əˈfekt/
bright
adj
/braɪt/
bring about
phr v
/brɪŋ əˈbaʊt/
by means of
prep phr
/baɪ miːnz ɒv/
communicate
v
/kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/
commute
v
/kəˈmjuːt/
conventional
adj
/kənˈvenʃənl/
damage
v
/ˈdæmɪdʒ/
enormous
adj
/ɪˈnɔːməs/
eventually
adv
/ɪˈventʃuəli/
exceptional
adj
/ɪkˈsepʃənl/
fancy
v
/ˈfænsi/
fit in (with)
phr v
/fɪt ɪn (wɪð)/
to influence
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
giving reason to believe that good things will happen; likely to be successful
This young musician has a bright future.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to cause, to make sth happen -High unemployment brought about a crime wave.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
with the help of sth -Most young people nowadays communicate by means of computers or mobile phones.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to exchange information, news, ideas, etc. with sb
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to travel regularly between your place of work and your home
Thousands of people commute into London every day to work.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
following what is traditional or the way sth has been done for a long time  Usually before a noun.
I’d rather cook my dinner in a conventional oven than in a microwave oven.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to harm or spoil sth/sb -Smoking seriously damages your health.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
extremely large -There was an enormous black dog behind the front gate.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in the end / Seventy-two percent of people eventually found work, but mainly in low-paid service jobs.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
unusually good -Marian is an exceptional artist; you really ought to see her dance!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to want sth -Do you fancy going out tonight?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to live, work, etc. in an easy and natural way with sb/sth  Usually before a noun.
-I don’t know how well Fay will fit in with her new classmates.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
55
flexible
adj
/ˈfleksəbl/
fuel
n
/ˈfjuːəl/
generation
n
/ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/
giant
adj
/ˈdʒaɪənt/
household
n
/ˈhaʊshəʊld/
influence
n
/ˈɪnfluəns/
juggle
v
/ˈdʒʌɡl/
leisure
n
/ˈleʒə(r)/
meaningful
adj
/ˈmiːnɪŋfl/
pattern
n
/ˈpætn/
plant
v
/plɑːnt/
premises
n pl
/ˈpremɪsɪz/
pressure
n
/ˈpreʃə(r)/
retire
v
/rɪˈtaɪə(r)/
revolutionary
adj
/ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri/
rewarding
adj
/rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/
able to change to suit new conditions or situations -flexible working hours
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
any material that we burn to produce heat or power
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
all people born at the same time
My grandmother’s generation lived through some very hard times including war and poverty.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very large
Be careful. The forest is full of giant snakes and spiders.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
all the people living together in a house -Most households these days have at least one car.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the effect that sb/sth has on the way a person thinks or behaves or on the way that sth works or develops
What exactly is the influence of TV on children?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to try to deal with two or more activities at the same time so that you can fit all of them into your life
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
free time - leisure activities
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
serious and important -a meaningful discussion
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the regular way in which sth happens or is done -the changing patterns of weather
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to place sth firmly in a particular place
As soon as we reached the top, we planted a red flag so that the rest of our group could find us.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the building and the area around it that a company uses
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
difficulty -environmental pressures -environmental pressures
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stop working because you have reached a certain age
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
involving a great or complete change -revolutionary advances in science
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
worth doing - a rewarding job
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
56
run out of
(ran, run)
suit
phr v
v
/rʌn aʊt ɒv/
(/ræn/, /rʌn/)
/sjuːt/ or /ˈsuːt/
supply
n
/səˈplaɪ/
the rat race
n
/ðə ræt reɪs/
throw away
(threw,
thrown)
to an extent
phr v
/θrəʊ əˈweɪ/
(/θruː/, /θrəʊn/)
phr
/tə ən ɪkˈstent/
use up
phr v
/juːs ʌp/
virtual
adj
/ˈvɜːtʃuəl/
vision
n
/ˈvɪʒn/
wasteful
adj
/ˈweɪstfl/
to finish all of sth -We’ve run out of milk. Can you go to the supermarket and get some more?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be convenient or useful to sb -Choose a computer to suit your needs
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________.
amount of sth that is available -When the village was cut of by snow, food supplies were brought in by helicopter.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the way of life of people living and working in a large city, where everyone competes in an aggressive way with each
other in order to be more successful, earn more money, etc.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to get rid of sth that you no longer want
This CD is terribly scratched and doesn’t play anymore; throw it away.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Partly
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to use all of sth so that there is none left
It’s no wonder you’ve used up all the hot water! You’ve been in the bath for ages!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
made to appear to exist by the use of computer software
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a picture in your imagination, a dream -a vision of a world without war
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
using more of sth than is necessary
It’s important to teach younger generations not to be wasteful of energy resources.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
04 SPEAKING (Student's Book p43)
barrier
n
/ˈbæriə(r)/
experience
n
/ɪkˈspɪəriəns/
heatwave
n
/ˈhiːtweɪv/
performance
n
/pəˈfɔːməns/
reaction
n
/riˈækʃn/
an object like a fence that prevents people from moving forward from one place to another
The crowd had to stand behind barriers.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the things that have happened to you that influence the way you think and behave
In my experience, this project will take more than a week to finish.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a period of unusually hot weather -A lot of elderly people died in France during the heatwave of 2003.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
how well or badly you do sth -The head teacher congratulated me on my performance in class!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth that you do because sth else has happened -What was Paul’s reaction when you told him the good news?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
57
relate to
/rɪˈleɪt tə/
repeatedly
phr
v
adv
scarf
n
/skɑːf/
supporter
n
/səˈpɔːtə(r)/
/rɪˈpiːtɪdli/
to have a connection with sth -I think this photograph here is related to the subject of the text.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
happening, said or done many times -I have repeatedly asked you not to disturb me when I’m working!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a piece of cloth that is worn around the neck
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who supports a particular sports team -I’m a Manchester United supporter.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
58
The World Around Us UNIT
05
Tips for using this wordlist
- Write translations in the empty column.
- Make your own sentence for each word in the right-hand column. (MS= My Sentence)
Word
Part
Speech
05 READING (Student's Book pp 46–47)
Phonetics
annual
adj
/ˈænjuəl/
aquatic
adj
/əˈkwætɪk/
bear in
mind
idm
/beə(r) ɪn
maɪnd/
bob up and
down
phr
/bɒb ʌp ən
daʊn/
bond
catamaran
chum
n
n
n
/bɒnd/
/ˌkætəməˈræn/
/tʃʌm/
comical
adj
/ˈkɒmɪkl/
current
n
/ˈkʌrənt/
deck
n
/dek/
deposit
v
/dɪˈpɒzɪt/
edge
n
/edʒ/
Translation
Definition And Example Sentence
happening or done once every year -an annual meeting
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
living in or near water
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to remember or consider sth
-If you want to come back by train, bear in mind that the underground stops at midnight.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move quickly up and down
Can you see that red thing bobbing up and down in the water? That’s our ball – we dropped it into the lake by
mistake.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a strong connection between people
a fast sailing boat with two hulls
a friend
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
funny or amusing because of being strange or unusual
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the movement of water in the sea or a river
It’s too dangerous to swim here as strong currents could sweep you out to sea.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the top outside floor of a ship -We sat on deck and enjoyed the fresh air.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to put sth somewhere
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the place where the surface ends -Don’t put your glass on the edge of the table – you will knock it off.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
59
emotional
adj
/ɪˈməʊʃənl/
episode
n
/ˈepɪsəʊd/
equivalent
n
/ɪˈkwɪvələnt/
far afield
adv
/fɑː(r) əˈfiːld/
farm
n
/fɑːm/
fate
n
/feɪt/
fetch
v
/fetʃ/
form
v
/fɔːm/
furiously
adv
/ˈfjʊəriəsli/
get the
hang of
gradually
phr
/ɡet ðə hæŋ ɒv/
adv
/ˈɡrædʒuəli/
habitat
n
/ˈhæbɪtæt/
improbably
adv
/ɪmˈprɒbəbli/
in sympathy
/ɪn ˈsɪmpəθi/
initiative
n
phr
n
into the
wild
leisurely
prep
phr
adj
/ˈɪntə ðə waɪld/
/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/
/ˈleʒəli/
connected with people’s feelings -a child’s emotional and intellectual development
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an event in sb's life that is important or interesting in some way
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth which is equal in amount, value or importance -That American jeep costs the equivalent of my yearly salary!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
far away from home, not near
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a place where particular fish or animals are bred
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
destiny, what is going to happen
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to go where sth is and bring it back -Will you fetch me a drink from the fridge?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make sth start to exist and develop -I formed many close friendships at college.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
with a lot of energy or anger
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to learn how to do sth -Cross-country skiing seems difficult at first but you’ll soon get the hang of it.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
slowly, progressively
As the weeks passed, I gradually accepted the idea of him leaving.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the place where a particular kind of plant or animal lives
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in a way that seems strange because it is not what you would expect
The job offer was improbably good, so he decided to ask for all the details in writing.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
happening because sth else has happened -Share prices slipped in sympathy with the German market.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a new plan for dealing with a problem
The headmistress has introduced a new initiative aimed at reducing the number of pupils who fail their final exams.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to their natural environment
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
done without hurrying -We like to have a leisurely breakfast on Sundays.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
60
licence
n
/ˈlaɪsns/
lottery
n
/ˈlɒtəri/
make my
way
misnomer
v
phr
n
/meɪk maɪ weɪ/
mushroom
n
/ˈmʌʃrʊm/
nasty
adj
/ˈnɑːsti/
occasion
n
/əˈkeɪʒn/
paddle
v
/ˈpædl/
palpitate
v
/ˈpælpɪteɪt/
partner
n
/ˈpɑːtnə(r)/
passage
n
/ˈpæsɪdʒ/
play footsie
phr
/pleɪ ˈfʊtsi/
privilege
n
/ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ/
process
n
/ˈprəʊses/
put off
(put, put)
phr
v
/pʊt ɒf/
(/pʊt/, /pʊt/)
/ˌmɪsˈnəʊmə(r)/
permission, freedom to do whatever you want
The newspaper men were given licence to photograph all the rooms in the royal palace.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a way of winning a prize or money if the ticket numbers you have bought are chosen by chance
Do you really think winning the lottery ould make you happy?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
move towards -Feeling thirsty, the children made their way to the canteen.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a name that is not accurate / The term "black-headed gull" is something of a misnomer, since the bird's head is
actually brown.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a fungus with a round flat head and short stem -a field mushroom
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very bad and unpleasant -The nasty smell was coming from a huge rubbish heap on the pavement.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a particular time when sth happens -We only eat out on special occasions like a birthday.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to swim with short movements of your hands or flippers
The dog paddled out into the river, fetched the stick and bought it back again.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to beat rapidly in an irregular way, to tremble -The bird’s heart was palpitating wildly as I held it in my hand.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person sb lives with as a wife/husband but to whom he/she is not married
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the action of going across, through or past sth -the ship’s passage through the canal
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to touch sb’s feet with your feet in a playful way
Henry was playing footsie with the mayor in order to get the contract.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a special right
He had no special privileges and was treated just like every other prisoner.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a series of actions that you do for a particular purpose
The process of buying a house can actually take as long as three months.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to discourage sb from doing sth /The match has been put off until tomorrow because of bad weather.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
61
reef
n
/riːf/
release
v
/rɪˈliːs/
ridiculously
adv
/rɪˈdɪkjələsli/
roam
v
/rəʊm/
scarce
adj
/skeəs/
scarcely
adv
/ˈskeəsli/
scuba dive
v
/ ˈsku bə daɪv/
seal
n
/siːl/
set up
(set, set)
shallow
phr
v
adj
/set ʌp/
(/set/, /set/)
/ˈʃæləʊ/
skyscraper
n
/ˈskaɪskreɪpə(r)
solid
adj
/ˈsɒlɪd/
sponsor
v
/ˈspɒnsə(r)/
state
n
/steɪt/
stick
n
/stɪk/
sting
(stung,
stung)
v
/stɪŋ/
(/stʌŋ/, /stʌŋ/)
a long line of rocks near the surface of the water /Many of them were the tops of volcanoes poking out of the
ocean, and most were surrounded by deadly coral reefs.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to set free -It is not a good idea to release animals who have only lived in zoos into their natural habitat, because
they rarely survive there.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in a very silly way / She is wearing a ridiculously expensive jacket.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to walk around without a definite direction
Jenny roamed the streets for hours, searching for her lost dog, but she never found him.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
if sth is scarce, there is not enough of it and it is only available in small quantities -scarce resources
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
almost not -The fog was so thick that Tom could scarcely see half a metre in front of him.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to swim underwater using special breathing equipment as a sport
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a sea mammal with short fur that eats fish
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to create sth or start it -He set up a business with his brother.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not deep /Don't dive in. The water's too shallow here.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an extremely tall building
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Reliable
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to pay for the cost of an event -A lot of international companies sponsor the Olympic Games.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the mental, emotional or physical condition that a person or thing is in
After the accident, the driver was in a state of shock.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a thin piece of wood that has fallen or been broken from a tree
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of an insect or plant) to touch your skin or make a very small hole in it so that you feel a sharp pain
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
62
sweep by
(swept,
swept)
tag
v
phr
take (sth) at
face value
idm
/teɪk (sth) æt
feɪs ˈvæljuː/
tempt
v
/tempt/
tendency
n
/ˈtendənsi/
the worse
for wear
traffic jam
phr
n
/ðə wɜːs fɔː(r)
weə(r)/
/ˈtræfɪk dʒæm/
turtle
n
/ˈtɜːtl/
vital
adj
/ˈvaɪtl/
waist-deep
adj
/weɪst diːp/
youngster
n
/ˈjʌŋstə(r)/
v
/swiːp baɪ/
(/swept/,
/swept/)
/tæɡ/
to move with a lot of force
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to fasten a small piece of paper or plastic to sth to identify it
The zoologist tagged two foxes in order to study their hunting and breeding patterns.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to believe that sth is what it appears to be, without questioning it
Taken at face value, the plan seemed promising for the future.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to try to persuade sb to do sth
I should really finish my work, but it’s such a lovely day that I’m tempted to go out instead.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an expected way of behaving -Paula has a tendency to be late so don’t be surprised if she doesn’t turn up on time.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in a poor condition after doing sth difficult
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a lot of vehicles in the streets that move very slowly, if not at all
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large reptile with a hard round shell, which lives in the sea
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
essential, important -Reading is of vital importance if you want to widen your vocabulary.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
up to the middle of your body
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a young person or a child -Youngsters aged five to 11 get a 50% reduction.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
63
05 WRITING (Student’s Book pp48–49)
deal with
phr v
/diːl wɪð/
dependable
adj
/dɪˈpendəbl/
desert
v
/ˈdezət/
drawback
n
/ˈdrɔːbæk/
face
v
/feɪs/
feel free
idm
/fiːl friː/
feel strange
idm
/fiːl streɪndʒ/
feel up to
phr v
/fiːl ʌp tə/
hesitate
v
/ˈhezɪteɪt/
isolated
adj
/ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/
last but not
least
lonely
phr
/lɑːst bət nɒt liːst/
adj
/ˈləʊnli/
mainland
n
/ˈmeɪnlænd/
make out
phr v
/meɪk aʊt/
neutral
adj
/ˈnjuːtrəl/
on the other
hand
pollution
phr
/ɒn ðə ˈʌðə(r)
hænd/
/pəˈluːʃn/
n
to solve a problem, carry out a task, etc. As a head teacher, you will have to deal with students’ discipline problems.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
that you can depend on -It’s a small car but it’s very dependable.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to go away from a place -A lot of people deserted their villages in the 1950s in France.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a disadvantage -The main drawback to living in the countryside is the lack of a decent social life.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to have to deal with a difficult situation -I am faced with a difficult decision. Should I study in the US or Britain?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to tell sb that they are allowed to do sth -Please feel free to come and see me any time you wish.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to not feel comfortable in a situation -It felt strange not knowing anyone in the room.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to feel physically capable of doing sth -I don’t really feel up to walking around the gardens. I’ll wait here for you.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to feel uncertain or nervous about doing sth -He hesitated for a moment before knocking on the door and entering.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not connected with others, far away -an isolated village in the mountains
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not less important than others
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
unhappy because you have no friends or people to talk to /At first she felt quite lonely, but soon she made several
friends at the college.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the main area of land of a country, not including any islands near to it
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to claim; to say that sth is true when it may not be -Do you think the Marshals are as rich as they make out to be?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
deliberately not expressing any strong feeling
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to show a contrasting opinion
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the process of making air, water, or soil dirty -Air pollution is a major problem in cities.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
64
reliable
adj
/rɪˈlaɪəbl/
search
n
/sɜːtʃ/
sum up
phr v
/sʌm ʌp/
that can be trusted, that you can rely on -a reliable friend
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an attempt to find sth/sb, esp. by looking carefully for them/it -The search for the little girl goes on.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to state the main points of sth in a short way
At the end of his speech, the mayor summed up his main points in one or two sentences.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
05 USE OF ENGLISH (Student's Book pp50–51)
ancestor
n
/ˈænsestə(r)/
anthropologist
n
canoe
n
/ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒɪ
st/
/kəˈnuː/
century
n
/ˈsentʃəri/
challenge
n
/ˈtʃælɪndʒ/
climate
n
/ˈklaɪmət/
colonise
v
/ˈkɒlənaɪz/
completion
n
/kəmˈpliːʃn/
continent
n
/ˈkɒntɪnənt/
crop
n
/krɒp/
daring
adj
/ˈdeərɪŋ/
debate
n
/dɪˈbeɪt/
decade
n
/ˈdekeɪd/
a person in your family who lived a long time ago -Our ancestors came to the village about 200 years ago.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who studies the human race, esp. its origins, development, customs and beliefs
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a light narrow boat which you move along in the water with a paddle
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a period of 100 years
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a new or difficult task that tests sb’s ability and skill -an exciting challenge
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the regular pattern of weather conditions of a particular place
the threat of global climate change
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to take control of an area or a country that is not your own and send people from your own country to live there
Spain colonised many parts of South America.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the state of being finished and complete -Students are given a certificate for satisfactory completion of the course.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
one of the large land masses of the earth such as Europe, Asia or Africa
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a plant that is grown in large quantities, esp. as food -Coffee is a crop that doesn’t grow in cold climates.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
brave; willing to do dangerous or unusual things
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an argument or discussion expressing different opinions -a heated debate about taxes
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a period of ten years, esp. a period such as 1910−1919 or 1990−1999
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
65
distinctly
adv
/dɪˈstɪŋktli/
enter
v
/ˈentə(r)/
excite
v
/ɪkˈsaɪt/
expedition
n
/ˌekspəˈdɪʃn/
fern
n
/fɜːn/
fjord
n
/ˈfjɔːd/
geology
n
/dʒiˈɒlədʒi/
glacier
n
/ˈɡlæsiə(r)/
growth
n
/ɡrəʊθ/
hurt
(hurt, hurt)
incredibly
v
adv
/hɜːt/
(/hɜːt/, /hɜːt/)
/ɪnˈkredəbli/
land
v
/lænd/
landmass
n
/ˈlændmæs/
majestic
adj
/məˈdʒestɪk/
Maori
/ˈmaʊri/
migration
n,
adj
n
mining
n
/ˈmaɪnɪŋ/
over
adv
/ˈəʊvə(r)/
/maɪˈɡreɪʃn/
Clearly -I distinctly heard May say she’s never been abroad.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to come or go into sth - Knock before you enter.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make sb feel a particular emotion -The news about new taxes excited criticism from taxpayers.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a journey for a special purpose usually to discover sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a plant with large delicate leaves and no flowers that grows in wet areas
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a long narrow strip of sea between high cliffs
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the origin and history of the rocks and soil of a particular area
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large mass of ice that moves very slowly down a valley
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of people, animals or plants) the process of growing -Remove dead leaves to encourage growth.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to cause physical pain to sb/yourself -He hurt his back playing tennis.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in a way that is very difficult to believe -Incredibly, she had no idea what was going on.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to arrive somewhere in a plane or a boat -The astronauts will be landing on the moon in three hours from now.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large area of land, for example a continent
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
impressive because of size or beauty -a majestic castle
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a member of a race of people who were the original people living in New Zealand
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the movement of large numbers of people, birds or animals from one place to another
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the process of getting coal and other minerals from under the ground
Diamond mining is a major industry in South Africa.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Ended -By the time we arrived the meeting was over.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
66
party
n
/ˈpɑːti/
peak
n
/piːk/
permanent
adj
/ˈpɜːmənənt/
Polynesian
adj
/ˌpɒl əˈni ʒən/
prevent
v
/prɪˈvent/
purpose
n
/ˈpɜːpəs/
remarkable
adj
/rɪˈmɑːkəbl/
remote
adj
/rɪˈməʊt/
rest
v
/rest/
ring
v
/rɪŋ/
separate
adj
/ˈseprət/
settler
n
/ˈsetlə(r)/
sign of (sth)
n
/saɪn əv (sth)/
snow-capped
adj
/snəʊ kæpt/
stretch
v
/stretʃ/
survive
v
/səˈvaɪv/
tear
(tore, torn)
v
/teə(r)/
(/tɔː(r)/, /tɔːn/)
a group of people who are doing sth together such as travelling or visiting somewhere
The school is taking a party of 40 children to Russia.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the pointed top of a mountain / Cloud lay thick across the lake, hiding the mountain peaks beyond.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
lasting for a long time -a permanent job
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sb from Polynesia, a large grouping of over 1,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stop sb from doing sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
aim, intention -The purpose of this course is to teach students the basic principles of Chemistry.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
unusual or surprising in a way that causes people to take notice
Lucy has made remarkable progress in the spring term.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
far away from where people live / My father was always remote and silent around his friends.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to relax or do nothing after a period of activity or illness
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to telephone sb/sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not joined to anything
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who goes to live in a new country or region
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an event, an action, a fact, etc. that shows that sb/sth exists, is happening or may happen in the future
There is no sign of John anywhere.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of mountains and hills) covered with snow on top - Literary use.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to spread over an area of land -Fields and hills stretched out as far as we could see.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to continue to live or exist -Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to damage by pulling something apart -Tear a page out of your notebook and leave a note for Helen.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
67
territory
n
/ˈterətri/
volcano
n
/vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/
voyage
n
/ˈvɔɪɪdʒ/
windy
adj
/ˈwɪndi/
land that is under the control of a particular country or ruler
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a mountain with a large opening at the top through which gases and lava are forced out into the air, or have been
in the past
Mount Etna is a volcano in Sicily, which is still active.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a long journey, esp. by sea or in space / The voyage from England to India used to take six months.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of weather, etc.) with a lot of wind -a windy day
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
05 LISTENING (Student's Book p52)
a touch of
class
accurate
n phr
adj
/ə tʌtʃ ɒv
klɑːs/
/ˈækjərət/
centigrade
n
/ˈsentɪɡreɪd/
charter flight
n
/ˈtʃɑːtə(r)/
coarse
adj
/kɔːs/
cope (with)
v
/kəʊp (wɪð)/
crowd
n
/kraʊd/
depart
v
/dɪˈpɑːt/
do (sth)
standing on
my head
download
v phr
v
/duː (sth)
ˈstændɪŋ ɒn
maɪ hed/
/ˈdaʊnləʊd/
entrant
n
/ˈentrənt/
an elegant quality
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
correct, exact -an accurate watch
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Celcius
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
cheap flight offered by a travel agency
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
rough, not soft
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to manage a difficult situation successfully
I don’t think I can cope with studying for my exams as well as working in the shop.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
ordinary people, not special or unusual in any way
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
usually to leave a place; here, to die
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be able to do sth very easily and without having to think too much
My daughter can program her iPod standing on her head.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move data to a smaller computer system from a larger one
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who is taking part in a competition
Davis was selected from 200,000 entrants to win the trip to the Super Bowl.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
68
equipment
n
/ɪˈkwɪpmənt/
follow in
(sb’s)
footsteps
function
phr
n
/ˈfɒləʊ ɪn
(sb’s)
ˈfʊtsteps/
/ˈfʌŋkʃn/
gentle
adj
/ˈdʒentl/
ingredient
n
/ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/
miserable
adj
/ˈmɪzrəbl/
not have a
clue
v phr
/nɒt hæv ə
kluː/
occasionally
adv
/əˈkeɪʒnəli/
odd
adj
/ɒd/
off-piste
adj
/ɒf piːst/
(how) on
earth
phr
/(haʊ) ɒn ɜːθ/
outlook
n
/ˈaʊtlʊk/
overcast
adj
/ˌəʊvəˈkɑːst/
own
v
/əʊn/
particularly
adv
/pəˈtɪkjələli/
perfectionist
n
/pəˈfekʃənɪst/
the things that are needed for a particular activity - Used with a singular verb.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to do the same thing as someone else did in the past
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
what a machine does / The function of a hammer is to hit nails into wood
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not strong, not extreme
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
one of the things from which sth is made -Our skin cream contains only natural ingredients.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
bad in quality, small in amount / Mary was in the other day and she looked miserable.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to know nothing about sth or about how to do sth
I don’t have a clue how to fix the washing machine; we have to call a technician.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sometimes but not often
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not regular, happening occasionally
Brian isn’t really a smoker. He has the odd cigarette at a party or at the pub.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
away from the tracks of firm snow that have been prepared for skiing on
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to emphasise the question you are asking when you are surprised or angry or cannot think of an obvious
answer /What on earth are you doing?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the probable future / His outlook on life is largely a result of his strict education.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
covered with clouds
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to have sth that belongs to you, esp. because you have bought it -Do you own your house or do you rent it?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Especially - Picasso was a particularly gifted artist.
We are hoping to expand our business, particularly in Europe.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who likes to do things perfectly
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
69
point
n
/pɔɪnt/
pretty
adv
/ˈprɪti/
protective
adj
/prəˈtektɪv/
range
n
/reɪndʒ/
recipe
n
/ˈresəpi/
be recognised
verb
/ˈrekəɡnaɪzd/
run
(ran, run)
safety
v
n
/rʌn/
(/ræn/, /rʌn/)
/ˈseɪfti/
scattered
adj
/ˈskætəd/
seize
v
/siːz/
sheer
adj
/ʃɪə(r)/
short-term
adj
/ʃɔːt tɜːm/
shower
n
/ˈʃaʊə(r)/
soar
v
/sɔː(r)/
stand out
(stood, stood)
phr v
surroundings
n pl
/stænd aʊt/
(/stʊd/,
/stʊd/)
/səˈraʊndɪŋz/
the charts
n pl
/ðə tʃɑːts/
the main or most important idea -Do you see my point?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Very -She’s pretty upset about what you said; I think you should apologise.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
intended to make sure that sth is not harmed or damaged
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a set of products of a particular type
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a set of instructions that tells you how to cook sth and the items of food you need for it
Grandma’s recipe for fish soup is the best I’ve ever tasted.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
thought of as very good or important by people in general
Madonna is now recognised as one of the best pop artists of all time.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to organise sth -Nicoletta’s father runs a big restaurant in the centre of Porto.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the state of being protected from danger or harm -For your own safety, do not go through the park at night.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
spread all over a place / There were books scattered all about their cottage.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to grab -The thief seized her bag and ran off down the road.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to emphasise the size, degree or amount of sth. -We were impressed by the sheer size of the cathedral.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
lasting a short time -short-term memory
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a short period of rain / Heavy showers are forecast for the weekend.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to rise very quickly -Prices soared when war broke out in the country.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to cause sth to be noticed -Jinny chose a red satin dress which she hoped would make her stand out at the party.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
everything around a place / Everyone involved in the filming has enjoyed working in such idyllic surroundings.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a list, produced each week, of the pop music records that have sold the most copies
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
70
timepiece
n
/ˈtaɪmpiːs/
unaccompani
ed
value for
money
volume
adj
n
/ˌʌnəˈkʌmpəni
d/
/ˈvæljuː fɔː(r)
ˈmʌni/
/ˈvɒljuːm/
wheel
adj
/wiːl/
would rather
v
/wəd
ˈrɑːðə(r)/
phr
a clock or watch
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
when a person goes somewhere without having anyone else with them
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
worth the money it costs
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the amount of sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
one of the circular objects under a car or bus that turns when it moves
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
would prefer to -Would you rather walk or take the bus?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
05 SPEAKING (Student's Book p53)
actually
adv
/ˈæktʃuəli/
congestion
n
/kənˈdʒestʃən/
die out
phr v
/daɪ aʊt/
rubbish
n
/ˈrʌbɪʃ/
species
n
/ˈspiːʃiːz/
used to correct sb in a polite way -Actually, we have not yet decided if we’re coming with you or not.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the state of being full of vehicles -traffic congestion
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stop existing -This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
things that you throw away because you no longer want or need them - Used only with a singular verb.
Can you please take out the rubbish, Rita? It smells terrible.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a group into which animals or plants are divided - Plural: species.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
71
Helping others
UNIT-06
Tips for using this wordlist
- Write translations in the empty column.
- Make your own sentence for each word in the right-hand column. (MS= My Sentence)
Word
Part
of Speech
06 READING (Student’s Book pp56–57)
Phonetics
admire
v
/ədˈmaɪə(r)/
application
n
/ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/
aspect
n
/æspekt/
background
n
/bækɡraʊnd/
bathe
v
/beɪð/
charity
n
/tʃærəti/
coach
v
/kəʊtʃ/
come across
(came,
come)
commitment
phr
v
/kʌm əˈkrɒs/
(/keɪm/, /kʌm/)
n
/kəˈmɪtmənt/
constructive
adj
/kənˈstrʌktɪv/
Translation
Definition And Example Sentence
happening or done once every year -an annual meeting
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a formal request for a job or a place at college
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a particular part or feature of a situation or a problem
Air pollution is an unpleasant aspect of city life.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
type of family, education and experience that sb has
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to wash sth with water, esp. a part of your body
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an organisation that collects money to help others
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to train sb to play a sport
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to find unexpectedly -I came across these old photographs as I was tidying up my room.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a thing that you have promised or have to do
Unfortunately Liam won’t be able to join us, because he had another commitment.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
having a useful and helpful effect rather than being negative or with no purpose
I really don’t mind criticism, as long as it’s constructive.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
72
deprived
adj
/dɪˈpraɪvd/
disabled
adj
/dɪsˈeɪbld/
disadvantaged
adj
/ˌdɪsədˈvɑːnt
ɪdʒd/
eager
adj
/ˈiːɡə(r)/
expenses
n pl
/ɪkˈspensɪz/
further
v
/ˈfɜːðə(r)/
further afield
adv
/ˈfɜːðə(r)
əˈfiːld/
handler
n
/ˈhændlə(r)/
introduction
n
laid-back
adj
/ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃn
/
/leɪd bæk/
lay
(laid, laid)
v
leap
(leapt, leapt)
v
lie
v
/leɪ/
(/leɪd/,
/leɪd/)
/liːp/
(/lept/,
/lept/)
/laɪ/
look back (on)
phr
v
/lʊk bæk
(ɒn)/
without all the things that are necessary for people to live a happy and comfortable life
The foundation aims at helping deprived children in the area to get proper education.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
unable to use a part of your body
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not having the things, such as education or enough money, that people need in order to succeed in life
disadvantaged social groups
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very interested and excited about sth that you want to do
Most students in our class seem eager to help the teacher with the school play.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
money that you spend while you are working that your employer will pay back to you later
You can claim back your travel expenses.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to help sth to develop or be successful -This job might not be very interesting, but it can further your career.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
far away from home; to or in places that are not near
After the first couple of days in the camp, the children decided to take their bikes and explore further afield.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who trains and controls animals, especially dogs
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person's first experience of sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
calm and relaxed
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to put in a particular position
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to jump high or a long way - The horse leapt over the fence and galloped away along the road.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
1) (lay, lain) to be in a horizontal position - The cat was lying near the fireplace.
2) (lied, lied) to not tell the truth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to think about what happened in the past -When you look back on your youth, Dad, is there anything you regret?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
73
look into
phr
v
phr
v
phr
v
phr
v
/lʊk ˈɪntə/
/lʊk ʌp tə/
low
phr
v
adj
organisational
adj
/ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃ
ənl/
orphanage
n
/ˈɔːfənɪdʒ/
reluctantly
adv
/rɪˈlʌktəntli/
self-confidence
n
self-esteem
take on
n
phr
v
/self
ˈkɒnfɪdəns/
/self ɪˈstiːm/
/teɪk ɒn/
the chance of a
lifetime
idm
/ðə tʃɑːns ɒv
ə ˈlaɪftaɪm/
vastly
adv
/ˈvɑːstli/
vet
n
/vet/
voluntary
adj
/ˈvɒləntri/
look out
look through
look up
look up to
/lʊk aʊt/
/lʊk θruː/
/lʊk ʌp/
/ləʊ/
to examine sth - The company is now looking into the possibility of selling their products abroad.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be careful - Look out! There’s a car coming!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to examine or read sth quickly -Just a minute, I’ll just look through my emails and I’ll be right with you.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to look for information in a dictionary or reference book
Kate, could you look up the doctor’s number in the phone book?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to admire or respect sb - I’ve always looked up to my Science teacher; she’s an amazing person.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
weak or depressed -They were in low spirits.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
of making arrangements or preparations for sth
Before we embark on the project, we should deal with certain organisational problems.
 Only before a noun.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a home for children whose parents are dead
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
hesitating before you do sth because you don’t really want to do it
James reluctantly agreed to lend her the money, but he wasn’t happy about it.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
confidence in yourself and your abilities - His success in the competition certainly boosted his self-confidence.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a feeling of being happy with your own character and abilities
to agree to be responsible for sb/sth
Next month I’m taking on the family restaurant so that my parents can go on holiday.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a wonderful opportunity, etc. that you are not likely to get again
When she was offered the job, she knew it was the chance of a lifetime.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very much
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who has been trained in treating animals which are ill or injured
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
done by people who choose to do it without being paid -I do some voluntary work at the local hospital.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
74
when it comes
to
idm
/wen ɪt kʌmz
tə/
when it is a question of sth. -When it comes to Maths, Maggie is certainly the best student in our class.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
06 WRITING (Student’s Book pp58–59)
bookworm
n
/ˈbʊkwɜːm/
character
n
/ˈkærəktə(r)/
cliff
n
/klɪf/
collapse
v
/kəˈlæps/
come bottom
phr
/kʌm ˈbɒtəm/
distant
adj
/ˈdɪstənt/
from top to
bottom
get to the
bottom of
(sth)
ghost
phr
/frɒm tɒp tə
ˈbɒtəm/
/ɡet tə ðə
ˈbɒtəm ɒv (sth)/
n
/ɡəʊst/
hillside
n
/ˈhɪlsaɪd/
league
n
/liːɡ/
mist
n
/mɪst/
path
n
/pɑːθ/
personality
n
/ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/
pipe
n
/paɪp/
read on
(read, read)
phr v
/riːd ɒn/
(/red/, /red/)
phr
a person who likes reading books a lot / I was a real bookworm when I was a child.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person in a book, play or film -The young boy plays a minor character in the film.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a high and very steep rock
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to fail suddenly and completely -When the company collapsed, hundreds of people lost their jobs.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be in the lowest position
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a long way away -distant parts of the world
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
going to every part of a place
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to find out the real cause of sth / Find the basic underlying quality or cause of something. For example, He was
determined to get to the bottom of the problem .
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the spirit of a dead person that a living person believes they can see or hear
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the side of a hill
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a group of teams that compete with each other for the championship
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a cloud just above the ground that makes it difficult to see
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a track that is made by the action of people walking
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sb’s character -You may not realise it but every one of my dogs has a different personality.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a tube with a ball-shaped part used for smoking tobacco
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to continue reading -Oh, Mum, don’t stop the story, please read on!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
75
roll down
phr v
/rəʊl daʊn/
route
n
/ruːt/
sharp
adj
/ʃɑːp/
start at the
bottom
v phr
/stɑːt æt ðə
ˈbɒtəm/
steep
adj
/stiːp/
the bottom
has fallen out
of
thick
phr
/ðə ˈbɒtəm həz
ˈfɔːlən aʊt ɒv/
adj
/θɪk/
trade
n
/treɪd/
to move by turning over -The coin fell out of his pocket and rolled down the road into the ditch.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a way that you follow to get from one place to another /What’s the quickest route from here to the coast?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
having a thin and strong edge that can cut -a sharp knife
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
begin at the lowest position / By starting at the bottom it teaches you the skills you need to get to the top and to
appreciate being at the top.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sloping very sharply -a steep hill
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
people have stopped buying a company’s products
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
difficult to see through -The plane crashed in thick fog.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
buying and selling goods
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
06 USE OF ENGLISH (Student’s Book pp60 – 61)
assess
v
/əˈses/
attempt
n
/əˈtempt/
bank
n
/bæŋk/
burst
v
/bɜːst/
caravan
n
/ˈkærəvæn/
coastguard
n
/ˈkəʊstɡɑːd/
cut off
(cut, cut)
phr v
/kʌt ɒf/
(/kʌt/, /kʌt/)
to calculate the amount or value of sth -Our insurance assessed the damage at 1,000 euros.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
when you try to do sth difficult -His attempt to pass his driving test was a failure and he’ll have to sit it again next
month.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the side of a river or a canal
I watched and I cried, not knowing how to help, left behind on the banks of the river.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to break open or apart, esp. because of pressure from inside
That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a road vehicle without an engine that is pulled by a car, designed for people to live and sleep in, esp. when they are
on holiday
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an official organisation whose job is to watch the sea near a coast in order to help ships and people in trouble
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to prevent sb/sth from reaching a place -Our house was cut off from the rest of the village by snow for three days.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
76
dry-clean
v
/draɪ kliːn/
emergency
n
/iˈmɜːdʒənsi/
escape
n
/ɪˈskeɪp/
fed up with
adj
/fed ʌp wɪð/
flood
v
/flʌd/
house
v
/haʊs/
joke
v
/dʒəʊk/
livestock
n
/ˈlaɪvstɒk/
lorry
n
/ˈlɒri/
means (of)
n pl
/miːnz (ɒv)/
operation
n
/ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/
overflow
v
/ˈəʊvəfləʊ/
overturn
v
/ˌəʊvəˈtɜːn/
praise
n
/preɪz/
question
v
/ˈkwestʃən/
rarely
adv
/ˈreəli/
redecorate
v
/ˌriːˈdekəreɪt
/
to clean clothes using chemicals instead of water
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a sudden and dangerous situation
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the act of getting away from an unpleasant or dangerous situation - an escape from prison
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be bored and unhappy -I get fed up with having to do endless grammar exercises.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
if a place floods or sth floods it, it becomes filled or covered with water
Hurricane Katrina flooded New Orleans and caused severe damage to the city.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to provide sb/sth with a place to live or a place to stay permanently
The museum houses one of the finest collections of fossils in the country.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to say sth to make people laugh - Please don’t joke about such a serious matter.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the animals kept on a farm, for example cows or sheep
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large motor vehicle for carrying heavy loads by road/ A lorry driver signalled to her to cross the road.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an action, an object or a system by which a result is achieved /Emails are the best means of communication.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an organised activity that involves a lot of people
Both the police and the fire brigade took part in the rescue operation.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be so full that the contents go over the sides -Look at Mandy’s plate! It’s overflowing with food!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
if sth overturns it turns upside down or on its side -The car hit a lamp post and overturned.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
words of approval or admiration -My maths teacher was full of praise for my progress this term.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to ask sb questions about sth officially -We were taken to the police station and questioned.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not very often -I rarely watch TV, I prefer going out with my friends.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to put new paint and/or paper on the walls of a room or house
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
77
relieved
adj
/rɪˈliːvd/
repair
v
/rɪˈpeə(r)/
shatter
v
/ˈʃætə(r)/
soaking wet
phr
/səʊkɪŋ wet/
spokesperson
n
swirl
v
/ˈspəʊkspɜːs
n/
/swɜːl/
torrential
adj
/təˈrenʃl/
trap
v
/træp/
win through
(won, won)
phr v
winch
v
/wɪn θruː/
(/wʌn/,
/wʌn/)
/wɪntʃ/
feeling happy because sth unpleasant has stopped or has not happened
I’m just relieved that nobody was hurt.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to mend sth that is damaged -Something’s wrong with my watch; I must have it repaired.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to suddenly break into small pieces -The ball hit the window with force and it shattered into pieces.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very wet -I’d left my raincoat at home so when I arrived at school I was soaking wet.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who speaks on behalf of a group or an organisation
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move around quickly with a circular movement -The water swirled down the drain.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of rain) falling in large amounts -torrential rain in the tropics
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to keep sb in a dangerous place or bad situation that they want to get out of but cannot
We were trapped in the lift for an hour.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be successful in spite of difficulties
It certainly wasn’t easy to save the business from bankruptcy, but Neil won through.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to lift sb/sth up into the air using a machine with a rope or chain
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
06 LISTENING (Student's Book p62)
bull
n
/bʊl/
civilisation
n
/ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/
companion
n
/kəmˈpæniən/
cover
v
/ˈkʌvə(r)/
cross
v
/krɒs/
the male of any animal in the cow family
Nora decided to take the bull by the horns and organize things for herself.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a place that offers you the comfortable way of life of a modern society
It’s good to be back in civilisation after two weeks in a tent!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who stays with you to keep you company
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to travel the distance mentioned -By sunset we had covered 30 miles.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to pass from one side to the other -Be careful when you cross the road.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
78
distance
n
/ˈdɪstəns/
foolish
adj
/ˈfuːlɪʃ/
get (sb) to
(got, got)
on
horseback
on reaching
v phr
/ɡet (sb) tə/
(/ɡɒt/, /ɡɒt/)
/ɒn ˈhɔːsbæk/
idm
prep
phr
v
/ɒn riːtʃɪŋ/
pour with
rain
pull off
v phr
phr v
/pɔː(r) wɪð
reɪn/
/pʊl ɒf/
quicksands
n pl
/ˈkwɪksændz/
reach a
point
scare
v phr
/riːtʃ ə pɔɪnt/
v
/skeə(r)/
set out
(set, set)
phr v
/set aʊt /
(/set/, /set/)
sick with
fear
phr
/sɪk wɪð fɪə(r)/
silly
adj
/ˈsɪli/
stage
n
/steɪdʒ/
pack
/pæk/
the amount of space between two places or things
The distance between Athens and New York is about 9,000 miles.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
stupid, not sensible
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make sb do sth- He got his mother to buy him a PlayStation for Christmas.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sitting on a horse -The only way to reach the village is on horseback.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
when they arrived at
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to put clothes into a bag in preparation for a trip away from home
Have you packed your pyjamas along with everything else?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
when it’s pouring with rain, rain is falling heavily
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to succeed in doing sth - The thieves pulled off the most spectacular robbery in history when they stole the royal family’s
jewels from the palace.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
deep wet sand that you sink into if you walk on it
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to arrive at a particular point or stage of sth after a period of time
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to frighten sb -I scared her when I jumped out of the wardrobe.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to leave on a journey -The travellers set out on their long journey with heavy hearts as they were leaving their families
behind.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be extremely worried /The dreaded day arrived and, as I sat in the waiting room of the test centre, my hands were
sweating and I felt sick with fear.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
showing a lack of thought, understanding or judgement
That was a silly thing to do! You should apologise at once!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a separate part that a process is divided into
The first stage of the experiment is to cool all the materials to 5 Co.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
79
thoroughly
adv
/ˈθʌrəli/
time off
n phr
/taɪm ɒf/
tour guide
n
/ˈtɔː(r) ɡaɪd/
trust
v
/trʌst/
Completely -We thoroughly enjoyed ourselves at the carnival on Saturday.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
time spent not working - Next week I’ll take some time off, so we can go away for a couple of days if you want.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person employed to show tourists around interesting places
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to have confidence in sb -Can I trust Joe to do the job well?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
06 SPEAKING (Student's Book p63)
as a
matter of
fact
bore (sb)
stiff
fond (of)
phr
/əz ə ˈmætə(r)
ɒv fækt/
to tell the truth, really
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
phr
adj
/bɔː(r) (sb)
stɪf/
/fɒnd (ɒv)/
mad about
phr v
/mæd əbaʊt/
make sb feel terribly bored
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
liking sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
liking sth/sb very much -He’s always been mad about kids.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
80
Travel & Tourism UNIT-07
Tips for using this wordlist
- Write translations in the empty column.
- Make your own sentence for each word in the right-hand column. (MS= My Sentence)
07 READING (Student’s Book pp66 – 67)
approach
n
/əˈprəʊtʃ/
approved
adj
/əˈpruːvd/
astounded
adj
/əˈstaʊndɪd/
backpacker
n
/ˈbækpækə(r)/
beyond
adv
/bɪˈjɒnd/
bowl sb over
/bəʊl ˈəʊvə(r)/
carbon-copy
phr
v
n
catch my eye
idm
/kætʃ maɪ aɪ/
check out
phr
v
/tʃek aʊt/
checklist
n
/ˈtʃeklɪst/
churn out
/tʃɜːn aʊt/
colonial
phr
v
adj
conservatory
n
/kənˈsɜːvətri/
/ˈkɑːbən ˈkɒpi/
/kəˈləʊniəl/
a way of dealing with sb/sth; a way of thinking about sth such as a problem
Parents should be very careful with their approach to discipline.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Official
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very surprised or shocked by sth, because it seems very unlikely
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a tourist who carries his things in a bag on his back
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
further or more than sth -She didn’t have much in her life beyond her job.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to surprise or impress sb a lot -The picturesque village on the island really bowled me over with its beauty.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person or thing that is very similar to sb/sth else
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to attract my attention -As I was walking down the high street, a new restaurant caught my eye.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to look at or examine sth that seems interesting or attractive
They say Nemo serves excellent food; we should check it out ourselves one day.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a list of the things that you must remember to do
Our teacher gave us a checklist to use when we write compositions.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to produce sth quickly and in large amounts -Some writers just churn out the same old rubbish year after year.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
connected with or belonging to a country that controls another country -a colonial power
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a school or college at which people are trained in music
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
81
date back (to)
phr
v
/deɪt bæk (tə)/
device
n
/dɪˈvaɪs/
directory
n
/dəˈrektəri/
early on
idm
/ˈɜːli ɒn/
en route
adv
/ɒn ruːt/
engagement
n
/ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt/
equator
n
/ɪˈkweɪtə(r)/
extra
n
/ˈekstrə/
famed
adj
/feɪmd/
fellowtraveller
folk
n
adj
/ˈfeləʊ
ˈtrævələ(r)/
/fəʊk/
fresh
frustrated
adj
adj
/freʃ/
/frʌˈstreɪtɪd/
give way to
idm
/ɡɪv weɪ tə/
go local
v
phr
/ɡəʊ ˈləʊkl/
to have existed since a particular time in the past or for the length of time mentioned
The castle dates back to the 12th century.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an object or a piece of equipment that has been designed to do a particular job
a voice-recording device
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a book containing lists of information, usually in alphabetical order -the telephone directory
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
at an early stage of a situation -I knew early on that Ken was very talented and would develop into an exceptional
musician.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
on the way -It was a long journey from Prague to Vienna, so we had lunch en route.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an arrangement to do sth at a particular time
I’m afraid we can’t meet tomorrow; I have an important engagement, which could take up the whole morning.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an imaginary line around the earth at an equal distance from the North and South Poles
 Usually: the equator.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who is employed to play a very small part in a film
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very well known -a famed painter
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to describe sb who is the same as you in some way; here they are also a traveller
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
traditional and typical of the ordinary people of a country or community
Folk songs in many countries in the Balkans have similar tunes.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
having just had a particular experience
feeling helpless after failing to do sth although you have tried hard
Kate was frustrated because however hard she tried she couldn’t understand her Maths homework.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be replaced by sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to go to a place and develop local habits
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
82
GPS
n
/ˌdʒiː piː ˈes/
hang about
(hung, hung)
phr
v
/hæŋ əˈbaʊt/
(/hʌŋ/, /hʌŋ/)
hang back
(hung, hung)
phr
v
/hæŋ bæk/
(/hʌŋ/, /hʌŋ/)
hang on
(hung, hung)
phr
v
/hæŋ ɒn/
(/hʌŋ/, /hʌŋ/)
hang out
(hung, hung)
hang up
(hung, hung)
phr
v
phr
v
/hæŋ aʊt/
(/hʌŋ/, /hʌŋ/)
/hæŋ ʌp/
(/hʌŋ/, /hʌŋ/)
head (to)
v
/hed (tə)/
hostel
n
/ˈhɒstl/
insight (into)
n
/ˈɪnsaɪt (ˈɪntə)/
live up to (sth)
phr
v
/lɪv ʌp tə (sth)/
location
n
/ləʊˈkeɪʃn/
negotiate
v
/nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt/
networking
n
/ˈnetwɜːkɪŋ/
off-centre
adj
/ɒf ˈsentə(r)/
global positioning system (= a system by which signals are sent from satellites to a special device, used to show the
position of a person or thing on the surface of the earth very accurately)
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to wait or stay near a place, not doing very much
After the match we hung about for a while in the nearby streets, and then went home.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to hesitate because you are nervous about doing or saying sth
I’d like to express my opinion, but I hung back in case I offended them.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
1) wait for a short time -Hang on a minute, Joe. Wait for me!
2) to hold sth tightly -Please hang on to the handrail while the escalator is in motion.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to spend a lot of time in a place -The local kids hang out at the mall.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to put the telephone down suddenly, without saying goodbye
When I told her the news, she got very angry and hung up on me!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move in a particular direction -They’re heading to the coast for the holidays.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a cheap hotel for students or travellers
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an understanding of what sth is like -This course aims at providing insight into the psychology of teenagers.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to do as well as or be as good as other people expect you to
They’d told us it was an excellent hotel, but unfortunately it didn’t live up to our expectations.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a place where sth happens, the position of sth
Rescue helicopters were sent to the location where the plane had crashed.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to successfully get over a difficult part on a path or route
The mountaineers had to negotiate the slippery path in front of them.
 Negotiate also means: to try to reach an agreement by formal discussion.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a system of trying to meet and talk to other people who may be useful to you in what you are trying to do
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not exactly in the centre of sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
83
package tour
n
/ˈpækɪdʒ tɔː(r)/
plaza
n
/ˈplɑːzə/
prearrange
v
/ˌpriːəˈreɪndʒ/
proclaim
v
/prəˈkleɪm/
put to the test
idm /pʊt tə ðə test/
puzzled
adj
/ˈpʌzld/
reduction
n
/rɪˈdʌkʃn/
reel off
phr
v
/riːl ɒf/
restricted
adj
/rɪˈstrɪktɪd/
room for
manoeuvre
idm / rʊm (fɔː(r)
məˈnuːvə(r)/
serve (as)
v
/sɜːv (əz)/
share
v
/ʃeə(r)/
sidewalk
n
/ˈsaɪdwɔːk/
simultaneously
adv
/ˌsɪmlˈteɪniəsli/
snobby
adj
/ˈsnɒbi/
specific
adj
/spəˈsɪfɪk/
a holiday that is organised by a company at a fixed price and that includes the cost of travel, hotels, etc.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a public outdoor square esp. in a town where Spanish is spoken
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
plan or arrange in advance
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to declare -November 17th was recently proclaimed a national holiday in Greece.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to put sb/sth in a situation which will show what their true qualities are
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Confused -I am puzzled as to how Irene got the job – she had no qualifications at all!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
how much cheaper a certain product is sold
There are massive reductions in the sales. Let’s buy those shoes you wanted now.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to say or repeat sth quickly without having to stop or think about it
The little boy suddenly reeled off the names of all the American presidents in alphabetical order!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
limited in what you are able to do
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
chance to change or influence a situation
-This project schedule is very tight – there’s absolutely no room for manoeuvre.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be suitable for a particular use -The kitchen table also serves as a desk for the children to do their homework on.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to use, have, eat, etc. the same thing as sb else -I share a bedroom with my sister.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
American English for pavement -You should walk on the sidewalk; not in the street!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
done at the same time as sth else
The Olympic Games are broadcast simultaneously in most countries in the world.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
feeling that you are better than other people because you are more intelligent
 Also: snobbish (adj).
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Particular -This specific model can go as fast as 200 km per hour.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
84
spot-on
adj
/spɒt ɒn/
stereotypical
adj
/ˌsteriəˈtɪpɪkl/
surprisingly
adv
/səˈpraɪzɪŋli/
there’s no
point in
a tight
schedule
phr
to date
idm
phr
/ðeəz nəʊ
pɔɪnt ɪn/
/ə taɪt
ˈʃedjuːl/
/tə deɪt/
exactly right -His estimate of the total cost was spot-on; exactly 450 euros.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
happening in the usual way
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in a way that surprises sb -Megan hates football; however, she surprisingly agreed to come to last week’s match.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
there is no purpose -There’s no point in trying to explain things; I’ve made up my mind.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a lot of things to do in a short time
My schedule is quite tight tomorrow. Could we meet on Monday instead?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
until now -To date, our school has never had any complaints from dissatisfied parents.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
07 WRITING (Student’s Book pp68–69)
blame
v
/bleɪm/
cabin
n
/ˈkæbɪn/
fascinating
adj
/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/
flight
connection
make a habit
of
make all the
difference
make do with
n
/flaɪt kəˈnekʃn/
make out
(made, made)
make the
most of
phr /meɪk aʊt/
v
(/meɪd/, /meɪd/)
idm /meɪk ðə məʊst
ɒv/
idm /meɪk ə ˈhæbɪt ɒv/
idm /meɪk ɔːl ðə
ˈdɪfrəns/
idm /meɪk duː wɪð/
to think that sb is responsible for sth bad
Don’t blame me for the broken window. It was you who threw the ball so high!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a small room on a ship in which you live or sleep
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
extremely innteresting and attractive - a fascinating story
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a plane at an airport that a passenger can take soon after getting off another in order to continue their journey
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to do sth regularly
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to have an important effect on sb/sth -A good teacher makes all the difference to a course.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to manage with sth that isn’t really satisfactory
We haven’t got any butter left, so you’ll just have to make do with margarine.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to understand, to be able to see -What’s that at the back of the picture? I can’t make it out.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
To gain the best advantage possible -It won’t be sunny for long so make the most of it and go out and play in the
garden.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
85
make up my
mind
site
idm
n
/meɪk ʌp maɪ
maɪnd/
/saɪt/
temple
n
/ˈtempl/
tomb
n
/tuːm/
to decide -Clara can’t make up her mind whether to wear a white or a cream wedding dress.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a place where sth has happened or that is used for sth -a camping site
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a building used for the worship of a god or gods
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large grave, esp. one built of stone above or below the ground
They say that the tomb of Alexander the Great is in Egypt, but they haven’t found it yet.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
07 USE OF ENGLISH (Student's Book pp70–71)
alternate
v
/ˈɔːltəneɪt/
award
n
/əˈwɔːd/
brainstorm
v
/ˈbreɪnstɔːm/
break into
(broke,
broken)
car hire
phr v
n
/breɪk ˈɪntə/
(/brəʊk/,
/ˈbrəʊkən/)
/kɑː(r) ˈhaɪə(r)/
dash
v
/dæʃ/
gloom
n
/ɡluːm/
hunger
n
/ˈhʌŋɡə(r)/
husky
n
/ˈhʌski/
log cabin
n
/lɒɡ ˈkæbɪn/
overnight
adj
/ˈəʊvənaɪt/
set off
(set, set)
phr v
/set ɒf/
(set/, /set/)
to keep changing from one thing to another and back again
The music at the club alternated between rock and pop.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a prize -Brad Pitt won the best actor award.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to think of as many solutions to a problem as possible
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to get into a house illegally in order to steal valuables
Thieves broke into the house and stole money and jewellery.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the act of paying to use a car for a short time
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to go somewhere very quickly -He dashed along the platform and jumped onto the train.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
almost total darkness
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the state of not having enough food to eat
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large strong dog with thick hair, used for pulling sledges across snow
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a small house built of logs
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
happening during the night -You can take the overnight train and arrive in Venice early the following morning.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to begin a journey -If we set off at seven o’clock, we’ll get to the top of the mountain before noon.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
86
sled
n
/sled/
slide
v
/slaɪd/
steward
n
/ˈstjuːəd/
suffer (from)
v
/ˈsʌfə(r)
(frɒm)/
threaten
v
/ˈθretn/
throw about
(threw,
thrown)
twinkle
v phr
v
/θrəʊ əˈbaʊt/
(/θruː/,
/θrəʊn/)
/ˈtwɪŋkl/
wilderness
n
/ˈwɪldənəs/
a vehicle for travelling over snow and ice
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move easily over a smooth or wet surface
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a man whose job is to take care of passengers on an aircraft and who brings them meals, etc.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be badly affected by a disease, pain, sadness, etc.
Many small islands suffer from water shortage in the summer.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to say that you will cause trouble, or hurt sb if they don’t do what you tell them
The head teacher threatened to expel him from school if he ever hit the younger children again.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move sth suddenly and forcefully in different directions
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to shine with a light that keeps changing from bright to faint to bright again -stars twinkling in the sky
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large area of land that has never been developed
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
07 LISTENING (Student's Book p72)
appreciate
v
/əˈpriːʃieɪt/
as such
idm /æz sʌtʃ/
beneficial
adj
/ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl/
the bottom
line
phr
/ðə ˈbɒtəm laɪn/
carbon dioxide
n
carbon
monoxide
convenience
n
to recognise the good qualities of a person or thing
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in the exact sense of the word
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
helpful, improving a situation
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the most important thing
They illustrate how incorporating conscious business principals are increasing the bottom line
n
/ˈkɑːbən
daɪˈɒksaɪd/
/ˈkɑːbən
məˈnɒksaɪd/
/kənˈviːniəns/
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a gas breathed out by people and animals from the lungs or produced by burning
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a poisonous gas that is formed when carbon is not burnt completely
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth useful that makes your life easier
It is a great convenience to have so many shops near your home.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
87
decent
adj
/ˈdiːsnt/
drone
v
/drəʊn/
gridlock
n
/ˈɡrɪdlɒk/
have it all
ways
idm
/hæv ɪt ɔːl weɪz/
in effect
phr
/ɪn ɪˈfekt/
initially
adv
/ɪˈnɪʃəli/
moan
v
/məʊn/
progress
n
/ˈprəʊɡres/
put up with
(put, put)
phr
v
/pʊt ˈʌp wɪð/
(/pʊt/, /pʊt/)
race track
n
/reɪs træk/
southbound
adj
/ˈsaʊθbaʊnd/
the trouble is
n
phr
/ðə ˈtrʌbl ɪz/
of good quality -Martin lives alone, but still visits his mother every Sunday for a decent meal!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make a continuous low noise
If you live near an airport, you have to put up with planes droning in the distance.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
too many cars in the streets so that the traffic cannot move at all
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to want to have the advantages of two or more different situations that are impossible to combine
You can’t have it all ways; you’ll either have to find a low-paid job in the village or move to the city and get a higher
salary.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used when you mention what really happens
Dominic just didn’t turn up for work today which, in effect, means that he has resigned from his job.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
at first Initially, /I thought I would only stay there a year.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to complain about sth in a way that other people find annoying
Stop moaning and sit down to do your homework, Tess!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Improvement - Helen is making great progress. Her marks are much better this term.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to allow sth to happen although you disagree
I won’t put up with your rude remarks any longer – please leave my house!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a track for races between cars, bikes or even runners
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
southwards, towards the south
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
what is difficult is -I’d like to go out; the trouble is that I’ve promised to baby-sit tonight.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
07 SPEAKING (Student's Book p73)
luggage
n
/ˈlʌɡɪdʒ/
scenery
n
/ˈsiːnəri/
bags, cases, etc. that contain sb’s clothes and things when they are travelling
There’s room for one piece of luggage.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the natural features of an area, such as mountains, valleys, rivers and forests, when you are thinking about them
being attractive to look at -The scenery is magnificent.________________________________________________
88
Health & Fitness UNIT-08
-
Write translations in the empty column.
Make your own sentence for each word in the right-hand column. (MS= My Sentence)
Word
Part
Speech
08 READING (Student’s Book pp76–77)
Phonetics
ache
v
/eɪk/
alpine
adj
/ˈælpaɪn/
altitude
n
/ˈæltɪtjuːd/
angle
n
/ˈæŋɡl/
astonished
adj
/əˈstɒnɪʃt/
awkwardly
adv
/ˈɔːkwədli/
beech
n
/biːtʃ/
bound
v
/baʊnd/
brass
n
/brɑːs/
bubble
v
/ˈbʌbl/
bunch
n
/bʌntʃ/
cafeteria
n
/ˌkæfəˈtɪəriə/
Translation
Definition And Example Sentence
to feel a continuous pain -My feet ache after running the marathon.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
existing in or connected with high mountains, esp. the Alps
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the height of sth above sea level
Aeroplanes fly above the clouds, at an altitude of about 10,000 metres.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the space between two lines or surfaces that join, measured in degrees
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very surprised -He was astonished to learn he’d won the competition.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not using the body well / 'I'm very sorry about your sister,' he said awkwardly.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large tree that produces small nuts
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to run very quickly with long steps in an enthusiastic way
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a bright yellow metal, a mixture of copper and zinc
'I'm very sorry about your sister,' he said awkwardly.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
air goes through a liquid and reaches the surface
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a number of things fastened together -a bunch of flowers
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a restaurant where people carry their own food to their tables
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
89
cattle
n
/ˈkætl/
cease
v
/siːs/
chalet
n
/ˈʃæleɪ/
chatter
v
/ˈtʃætə(r)/
chill
n
/tʃɪl/
chime
v
/tʃaɪm/
crouch
v
/kraʊtʃ/
cuckoo
clock
dash sb’s
hopes
dawn
n
/ˈkʊkuː klɒk/
idm
/dæʃ (sb’s) həʊps/
n
/dɔːn/
dim
adj
/dɪm/
dissolve
v
/dɪˈzɒlv/
domestic
drizzle
adj
n
/dəˈmestɪk/
/ˈdrɪzl/
duvet
n
/ˈduːveɪ/
faint
adj
/feɪnt/
filter
v
/ˈfɪltə(r)/
fine
adj
/faɪn/
cows and bulls kept as farm animals
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stop
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a wooden house with a roof that slopes steeply down over the sides, usually built in mountain areas
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of teeth) to knock together because you are cold
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
unpleasant coldness
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to ring (of a bell or clock) -The clock chimed midnight and Cinderella found herself in her old clothes again.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to bend your legs and body so that you are close to the ground
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a clock with a small bird inside that comes out every hour and makes a sound like a cuckoo (type of bird)
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to destroy sb’s hopes by making them impossible to achieve
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
early in the morning when light first appears in the sky
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not bright -dim light
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to mix or be mixed with a liquid and become part of it
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Salt dissolves in water.
kept as a pet, not wild -The most popular domestic animals in England are cats and dogs.
very fine rain
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large bag filled with feathers, used as a cover on a bed
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not strong or clear -a faint sound in the distance
A second set of shadows appeared; at first long and faint, they shortened and sharpened rapidly.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to come into a place slowly
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very thin or narrow -Nancy has the most incredibly fine hair, which is quite difficult to comb.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
90
fling off
(flung,
flung)
fluffy
phr
v
/flɪŋ ɒf/
(/flʌŋ/, /flʌŋ/)
adj
/ˈflʌfi/
freeze
(froze,
frozen)
fumble
v
v
/friːz/
(/frəʊz/,
/ˈfrəʊzn/)
/ˈfʌmbl/
glide
v
/ɡlaɪd/
glint
v
/ɡlɪnt/
glow
v
/ɡləʊ/
haystack
n
/ˈheɪstæk/
heel
n
/hiːl/
hook
n
/hʊk/
inquisitive
adj
/ɪnˈkwɪzətɪv/
intense
adj
/ɪnˈtens/
interior
n
/ɪnˈtɪəriə(r)/
jailer
n
/ˈdʒeɪlə(r)/
jangle
v
/ˈdʒæŋɡl/
linger
v
/ˈlɪŋɡə(r)/
lodge
n
/lɒdʒ/
to throw sth with force
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
He entered the house, flung off his coat and threw himself into an armchair.
soft, light -fluffy white clouds
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stop moving suddenly because you are frightened
The little girl froze when the huge dog bounded up to her.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to use your hands with difficulty when looking for sth
When James heard a strange noise in the night, he jumped out of bed, fumbling in the darkness for the light switch.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move smoothly without making any noise
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to produce flashes of light -The golden candlesticks glinted in the light of the burglar’s torch.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to produce a soft light -a cigarette glowing in the dark
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large pile of hay
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the back part of your foot
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a curved piece of metal for hanging sth on
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
interested in finding out about many different things -Don’t be so inquisitive – it’s none of your business.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very strong
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the inside part of sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person in charge of a prison
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make a harsh sound like two pieces of metal hitting each other
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stay somewhere longer than expected
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a small house in the country where people stay when they want to take part in some types of outdoor sport
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
91
log
n
/lɒɡ/
mauve
adj
/məʊv/
meadow
n
/ˈmedəʊ/
monstrous
adj
/ˈmɒnstrəs/
on closer
inspection
perch
phr
v
/ɒn ˈkləʊsə(r)
ɪnˈspekʃn/
/pɜːtʃ/
persist
v
/pəˈsɪst/
pine
n
/paɪn/
plod
n
/plɒd/
pose
v
/pəʊz/
precious
adj
/ˈpreʃəs/
present
(with)
v
/prɪˈzent (wɪð)/
prompt
v
/prɒmpt/
purple
adj
/ˈpɜːpl/
rainbow
n
/ˈreɪnbəʊ/
rattle
v
/ˈrætl/
rear
adj
/rɪə(r)/
rock face
n
/rɒk feɪs/
a thick piece of wood that has fallen from a tree
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
pale purple in colour
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a field of grass and wild flowers -There were some cows standing in the meadow.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very large and ugly
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
after examining every detail
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be placed on top of sth -The parrot perched on top of the chair.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to continue to do sth despite difficulties -If you persist in arriving late for work, you will lose your job.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a tall evergreen tree or the wood from that tree
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a kind of walk which is slow, with heavy steps
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stand or sit in a particular way for a photograph
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
rare and worth a lot of money -A diamond is a precious stone.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to show sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make sb decide to do sth -What prompted you to come and see me again after all these years?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
having the colour of blue and red mixed together
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an arch of different colours seen in the sky when the sun shines through rain
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make a noise like hard things hitting each other
I woke up to the sound of cups and plates rattling, and knew that Dad was already up.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
at the back of -the rear entrance of a building
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the vertical surface of a rock
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
92
set back
(set, set)
set down
(set, set)
phr
v
phr
v
/set bæk/
(/set/, /set/)
/set daʊn/
(/set/, /set/)
set in
(set, set)
phr
v
/set ɪn/
(/set/, /set/)
set off
(set, set)
set out
(set, set)
set up
(set, set)
shuttered
phr
v
phr
v
phr
v
adj
/set ɒf/
(/set/, /set/)
/set aʊt/
(/set/, /set/)
/set ʌp/
(/set/, /set/)
/ˈʃʌtəd/
silhouette
n
/ˌsɪluˈet/
slack
adj
/slæk/
solitary
adj
/ˈsɒlətri/
spot
v
/spɒt/
squirrel
n
/ˈskwɪrəl/
steady
adj
/ˈstedi/
still
adj
/stɪl/
strenuous
adj
/ˈstrenjuəs/
summit
n
/ˈsʌmɪt/
to delay the progress of sth -Mike’s decision not to help has set back the completion of the project by a month.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to write sth down on paper in order to record it
Dad gave me a diary for my birthday. I’ll use it to set down my experiences and thoughts.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of rain, bad weather, etc.) to begin and seem likely to continue
Since the cold has set in, we’d better start using the fireplace.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make an alarm start ringing -If you press this button, you’ll set off the car alarm.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to leave a place and begin a journey -We decided to set out on our trip to Africa right after the rainy season.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to create sth or start it -Higgins set up his first company in Manchester in the 70s.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
with closed shutters
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the dark outline of a person or an object seen against a light background
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not very busy, not having many customers
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
with no other people or things around -People who don’t marry often lead a solitary life when they grow old.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to notice sth suddenly and perhaps with some difficulty -Can you spot any mistakes in my composition?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a small animal that lives in trees and eats nuts
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
developing gradually and in an even and regular way -We are making slow but steady progress.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not moving -Please keep still while I cut your hair.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
needing great effort, tiring
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the top of a mountain
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
93
tank
n
/tæŋk/
tick away
/tɪk əˈweɪ/
tiptoe
phr
v
v
torch
n
/tɔːtʃ/
trout
n
/traʊt/
undergrowth
n
/ˈʌndəɡrəʊθ/
varnish
v
/ˈvɑːnɪʃ/
visible
adj
/ˈvɪzəbl/
wise
adj
/waɪz/
/ˈtɪptəʊ/
a large container for holding liquid or gas -a fish tank
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to mark the time -I could do nothing but listen to the clock ticking away the hours.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to walk on your toes trying not to make a noise -He tiptoed into the room so as not to wake the baby up.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a small electric lamp that you carry in your hand
Once we were inside the cave we got our torches out because it was very dark.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a common freshwater fish used for food
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
bushes and other plants growing under trees
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to paint wooden surfaces with a special liquid to protect them and make them shine
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
that can be seen -The house is clearly visible from the beach.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
able to make sensible decisions -I think it was wise of you not to lend him that money – you would never have got it
back!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
08 WRITING (Student’s Book pp78–79)
appearance
n
/əˈpɪərəns/
arrest
v
/əˈrest/
block
v
/blɒk/
briefcase
n
/ˈbriːfkeɪs/
direction
n
/dəˈrekʃn/
don’t like the
look of (sth)
v
phr
/dəʊnt laɪk ðə
lʊk ɒv (sth)/
the way that sb/sth looks on the outside - She had never been greatly concerned about her appearance.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to take sb to a police station and keep them there because they may be guilty of a crime
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stop sb from going somewhere by standing in front of them or in their way
'I'm very sorry about your sister,' he said awkwardly.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a flat case used for carrying papers and documents
'I'm very sorry about your sister,' he said awkwardly.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the general position a person or thing moves or points towards
We can sail as soon as the wind changes direction.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
be worried by the appearance of sth -I don’t like the look of that fish; don’t eat it, it might have gone off.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
94
headline
n
/ˈhedlaɪn/
hurriedly
adv
/ˈhʌridli/
identification
n
/aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/
lean
v
/liːn/
look ahead
phr
v
/lʊk əˈhed/
look around
/lʊk əˈraʊnd/
look your age
phr
v
idm
middle-aged
adj
/mɪdl ˈeɪdʒd/
not much to
look at
suspicious
idm
adj
/nɒt mʌtʃ tə lʊk
æt/
/səˈspɪʃəs/
theft
n
/θeft/
tracksuit
n
/ˈtræksuːt/
/lʊk jɔː(r) eɪdʒ/
the title of a newspaper article printed in large letters, esp. at the top of the front page
The scandal was in the headlines for days.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
done too quickly because you do not have enough time
When I saw the time, I hurriedly left the house to catch a taxi to work.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
official papers or a document that can prove who you are
We do not accept credit cards without some kind of identification.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to bend or move from an upright position
Please don’t lean out of the windows when the car is moving.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to think about what is going to happen in the future
Madison is a successful businessman because he has always looked ahead.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to turn your head so that you can see sth -I heard a sudden noise and looked around to see what it was.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to seem as old as you really are and not younger or older
Fay certainly doesn’t look her age; she’s only 16 and looks like a university student.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of a person) neither young nor old
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not attractive
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
feeling that sb has done sth wrong, illegal or dishonest, without having any proof
a suspicious look
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the crime of stealing sth from a person or place -car theft
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a warm loose pair of trousers and matching jacket worn for sports practice
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
95
08 USE OF ENGLISH (Student's Book pp80–81)
barrier
n
/ˈbæriə(r)/
expert
n
/ˈekspɜːt/
give away
(gave, given)
phr v
hiccup
n
/ɡɪv əˈweɪ/
(/ɡeɪv/,
/ˈɡɪvn/)
/ˈhɪkʌp/
keep sth to
yourself
key
idm
adj
/kiːp (sth) tə
jɔːˈself/
/kiː/
luxury
pace
n
n
/ˈlʌkʃəri/
/peɪs/
perception
n
/pəˈsepʃn/
pillar
n
/ˈpɪlə(r)/
proud (of)
adj
/praʊd (ɒv)/
sound
v
/saʊnd/
speculate
v
/ˈspekjuleɪt/
steam
n
/stiːm/
synchronise
v
/ˈsɪŋkrənaɪz/
tune
n
/tjuːn/
a problem or situation that prevents sb from doing sth.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person with special knowledge, skill or training in sth. -a computer expert
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to give sth as a gift -I usually give away old clothes to charity.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a repeated sound in the throat that you cannot control
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to not tell other people about sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
most important -the key issue
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very great comfort, which you get from having beautiful, expensive things
the speed at which sb/sth walks, runs or moves -We set off for the beach at a leisurely pace.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the way you notice things -one’s perception of different colours
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a column which supports a building or part of a building
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
feeling pleased and satisfied about sth that you own or have done
I was really proud of my son’s good progress at school.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to give a particular impression when heard or read about -You make cooking sound so easy, when, in fact, it isn’t.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make a guess about sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the hot gas that is produce by boiling water
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to happen at the same time or to move at the same speed as sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Melody
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
96
08 LISTENING (Student's Book p82)
artificial
adj
/ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/
authorities
n pl
/ɔːˈθɒrətiz/
bleak
adj
/bliːk/
catch
(caught, caught)
v
/kætʃ/
(/kɔːt/, /kɔːt/)
clear
v
/klɪə(r)/
for a good cause
idm
/fɔː(r) ə ɡʊd kɔːz/
glass-fronted
adj
/ɡlɑːs frʌntɪd/
go about
(went, gone)
hammer
phr v
v
/ɡəʊ əˈbaʊt/
(/went/, /ɡɒn/)
/ˈhæmə(r)/
hand hold
n phr
/hænd həʊld/
mentality
n
/menˈtæləti/
mountaineering
n
/ˌmaʊntəˈnɪərɪŋ/
permission
n
/pəˈmɪʃn/
made or produced to copy sth natural -artificial flowers
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
people who have the power to give orders
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
unpleasant, not encouraging -a bleak view of bare mountains and dark clouds
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to capture a person or animal that tries or would try to escape
The murderer was never caught.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to get official approval for sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to help other people
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to have the front covered with glass
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to start working on sth -How should I go about finding a job?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to hit a nail into a surface
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth on the surface of a steep slope that a climber can hold
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a way of thinking
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the sport or activity of climbing mountains
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the act of allowing sb to do sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
97
resist
v
/rɪˈzɪst/
rope
n
/rəʊp/
security
n
/sɪˈkjʊərəti/
set your
heart on
tie
idm /set jɔː(r) hɑːt
ɒn/
v
/taɪ/
track
n
/træk/
view
v
/vjuː/
to stop yourself from having sth you like or want
I just can’t resist having another piece of that delicious chocolate cake.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
very string thick string made by twisting thinner strings, wires, etc. together
The rope broke and she fell 50 metres onto the rocks.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the state of feeling safe
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to want sth very much
to attach or hold two things or more things together using string, rope, etc.
They tied him to a chair with a rope.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Rails -a train track
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to consider; to think about sb/sth in a particular way -The Oscar award is viewed by most artists as a great honour.
08 SPEAKING (Student's Book p83)
compulsory
adj
/kəmˈpʌlsəri/
that must be done because of a law or a rule
Education for children up to 16 years old is compulsory in England.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
98
Relationships - UNIT-09
Write translations in the empty column.
Make your own sentence for each word in the right-hand column. (MS= My Sentence)
-
Word
Part
of Speech
09 READING (Student’s Book pp86–87)
Phonetics
acquaintance
n
/əˈkweɪntəns/
affairs
n pl
/əˈfeəz/
be at odds
idm
/bi æt ɒdz/
break up
(with)
(broke, broken)
catch up (with
sb)
phr
v
/breɪk ˈʌp
(wɪð)/
phr
v
clean up after
(sb)
v
phr
/kætʃ ˈʌp (wɪð
sb)/
(/kɔːt/, /kɔːt/)
/kliːn ˈʌp
ɑːftə(r) (sb)/
come down
with
compromise
phr
v
v
consistently
adv
/kʌm ˈdaʊn
wɪð/
/ˈkɒmprəmaɪz
/
/kənˈsɪstəntli/
Translation
Definition And Example Sentence
a person that you know but who is not a close friend
Fran is not a friend; she’s just an acquaintance from the language school I go to.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
events that are of public interest or political importance
Business affairs bore me to death.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to disagree with sb about sth -I’ve always been at odds with my mother over clothes; we have entirely different
taste.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to end a relationship -Sarah broke up with Darren after she found out that he had been lying to her.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to find out about things that have happened, to learn sb’s news Also: catch up on sth.
I hadn’t seen my sister for months, so we both wanted to catch up with each other’s news.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to remove dirt or tidy up when sb has made the place dirty or untidy
Kevin never tidies up his room because his mum always cleans up after him.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to become ill -Phoebe came down with the flu so we had to cancel her birthday party.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to do sth that is against your principles
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
always in the same way and continuing for a period of time /Pam annoys me by consistently asking me personal
questions.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
99
cut all ties
(cut, cut)
cutlery
v
phr
n
/kʌt ɔːl taɪz/
(/kʌt/, /kʌt/)
/ˈkʌtləri/
drift apart
phr
v
/drɪft əˈpɑːt/
evade
v
/ɪˈveɪd/
existence
n
/ɪɡˈzɪstəns/
face up to
phr
v
/feɪs ʌp tə/
fall out with
(fell, fallen)
phr
v
fixed
adj
/fɔːl aʊt wɪð/
(/fel/,
/ˈfɔːlən/)
/fɪkst/
for fear of
idm
force (sth) on
(sb)
gathering
phr
v
n
/fɔː(r) fɪə(r)
ɒv/
/fɔːs (sth) ɒn
(sb)/
/ˈɡæðərɪŋ/
global
adj
/ˈɡləʊbl/
grown-up
adj
/ɡrəʊn ʌp/
housemate
n
/ˈhaʊsmeɪt/
inclination (to
do sth)
n
/ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn
(tə də sth)/
grow out of
to end all communication or have no connection with sb/sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
knives, forks and spoons
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to become less friendly or close to sb
I used to be very close to a lot of friends at university, but after we graduated we drifted apart.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to find a way of not doing sth -People who evade payment of taxes should be given heavy fines.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a way of living  Existence also means: the state or fact of being real or living.
The locals lead a simple but happy existence in their quiet little village.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to accept and deal with sth that is difficult or unpleasant
We had to face up to the fact that our shop wasn’t doing well, and would probably have to close down.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stop being friendly with sb because of a fightGrace is always falling out with her sister. They hardly speak to each
other.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of ideas, views, etc.) held very firmly; not easily changed
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to avoid the danger of sth happening -I closed the door gently for fear of waking up the baby.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make sb accept sth that they do not want -I strongly object to people forcing their opinions on others.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a meeting of people for a particular purpose -a family gathering
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
of all the world
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stop doing sth as you become older -Children are often afraid of the dark, but they soon grow out of it.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of a person) mentally and physically an adult -She has a grown-up son.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person that you share a house with
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a feeling that makes you want to do sth -He didn’t show the slightest inclination to leave.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
100
inconvenience
n
inferior
adj
/ˌɪnkənˈviːniən
s/
/ɪnˈfɪəriə(r)/
justify
v
/ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/
mature
v
/məˈtʃʊə(r)/
merely
adv
/ˈmɪəli/
move on
phr
v
adj
/muːv ɒn/
mutual
/ˈmjuːtʃuəl/
not see eye to
eye
(weeks) on end
/nɒt siː aɪ tə
aɪ/
/(wiːks) ɒn
end/
/ˈəʊpən
ˈmaɪndɪd/
idm
open-minded
adj
pile
n
/paɪl/
prove yourself
v
phr
/ˈpruːv jɔːself/
rationally
adv
/ˈræʃnəli/
resolve
v
/rɪˈzɒlv/
respond
v
/rɪˈspɒnd/
trouble or problems -British Airways announces the delay of flight BA127 and regrets any inconvenience caused.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not as good as sb/sth else -products of inferior quality
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to give an explanation or excuse for sth or for doing sth -Nothing can justify his rude behaviour last night.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to develop emotionally and start to behave like a sensible adult
-Janet has matured a lot; she’s certainly not the radical teenager she used to be.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Only -I’m sorry, I didn’t mean to interrupt you; I merely wanted to say ‘Goodbye’.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to start doing or discussing sth new -Can we move on to the next item on the agenda?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
shared by two or more people -mutual interest in sport
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to not share the same views as sb about sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
for the stated length of time, without interruption -He would disappear for weeks on end.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
willing to listen to, think about or accept different ideas
Dan is very open-minded; I’m sure he’ll understand you.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a number of things that are one on top of the other
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to show other people how good you are at doing sth
You don’t have to prove yourself to your friends; they know who you are.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
based on reason -Please try to think rationally; you are not making any sense!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to find a satisfactory solution to a problem or difficulty
Parents ought to resolve their differences when their children are not present.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to do sth as a reaction to sth that sb has said or done -How did mum respond when you told her about the party?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
101
retreat
v
/rɪˈtriːt/
row
n
/raʊ/
shy
adj
/ʃaɪ/
superficial
adj
/ˌsuːpəˈfɪʃl/
trivial
adj
/ˈtrɪviəl/
trustworthy
adj
/ˈtrʌstwɜːði/
verbally
adv
/ˈvɜːbəli/
withdrawn
adj
/wɪðˈdrɔːn/
to escape to a place that is quieter or safer -Children often retreat to their bedroom when something serious
troubles them.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a noisy argument -I had a row with my sister and we aren’t speaking now.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
nervous or embarrassed about meeting and speaking to other people
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not serious or important and lacking any depth of understanding or feeling
superficial friendship
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not important or serious -We should focus on serious matters, not trivial problems.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
that you can rely on to be good, honest, sincere, etc.
A trustworthy friend is hard to find; people are not as loyal as they used to be.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in spoken words and not in writing or actions
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
extremely quiet and shy
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
09 WRITING (Student’s Book pp88 – 89)
catering
n
/ˈkeɪtərɪŋ/
confirm
v
/kənˈfɜːm/
estimate
v
/ˈestɪmeɪt/
in reply to
prep phr
/ɪn rɪˈplaɪ tə/
match
v
/mætʃ/
membership
n
/ˈmembəʃɪp/
the work of providing food and drinks for meetings or social events
Sean’s birthday party cost a small fortune, mainly because the catering was very expensive.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to state or show that sth is definitely true or correct
The airline has just confirmed our tickets to Paris, we’re flying on March 20th.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to form an idea of the cost, size, number, etc. of sth, but without calculating it exactly
Estimate the number of words you have written.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the act of answering sb
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to find sb/sth that goes together with or is connected with another person or thing
The students are asked to match the words with the corresponding pictures.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the state of belonging to a group, organisation, etc.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
102
part-time
adj
/pɑːt taɪm/
penfriend
n
/ˈpenfrend/
position
n
/pəˈzɪʃn/
regarding
prep
/rɪˈɡɑːdɪŋ/
for only part of the working day or week -Amy got a part-time job working in the supermarket on Saturdays.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person that you make friends with by writing letters
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Job -I’d like to get a position in Sales; I find work there more interesting.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
concerning sb/sth
She has said nothing regar -ing your request.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
09 USE OF ENGLISH (Student's Book pp 90 – 91)
abroad
adv
/əˈbrɔːd/
at the turn of
the century
autumn
idm
n
/æt ðə tɜːn ɒv
ðə ˈsentʃəri/
/ˈɔːtəm/
the Bering Sea
n
/ðə ˈbɪər ɪŋ siː/
break down
phr v
/breɪk daʊn/
brutal
adj
/ˈbruːtl/
by rail
prep phr
/baɪ reɪl/
by relay
prep phr
/baɪ ˈriːleɪ/
citizen
n
/ˈsɪtɪzn/
courageous
adj
/kəˈreɪdʒəs/
cut back
(cut, cut)
phr v
/kʌt bæk/
(/kʌt/, /kʌt/)
in or to a foreign countryz /Diane worked abroad for a couple of years and then moved back to England.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the time when a new century starts
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the season of the year between summer and winter, when leaves change colour and the weather becomes colder.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(name) part of the North Pacific between Siberia and Alaska, named after the Norwegian explorer Vitus Bering
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of a machine or vehicle ) to stop working because of a fault
The telephone system has broken down.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
violent and cruel, terrible -a brutal dictator
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
by train -travelling around Europe by rail
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
carrying sth over a long distance using sets of people and animals that replace the others who are tired
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who lives in a particular place -the citizens of New York
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
brave, fearless
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to do or have less of sth
-Let’s try and cut back on the number of phone calls we make so that we don’t get such a big phone bill.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
103
cut out
(cut, cut)
cut through
(cut, cut)
phr v
diphtheria
n
/dɪfˈθɪəriə/
dogsled
n
/ˈdɒɡsled/
epidemic
n
/ˌepɪˈdemɪk/
gale
n
/ɡeɪl/
gather
v
/ˈɡæðə(r)/
gold rush
n
/ˈɡəʊld rʌʃ/
handler
n
/ˈhændlə(r)/
harbour
n
/ˈhɑːbə(r)/
heap
v
/hiːp/
junk email
n
/dʒʌŋk ˈiːmeɪl/
lift
v
/lɪft/
merciless
adj
/ˈmɜːsɪləs/
nursing
n
/ˈnɜːsɪŋ/
oppose
v
/əˈpəʊz/
outburst
n
/ˈaʊtbɜːst/
phr v
/kʌt aʊt/
(/kʌt/, /kʌt/)
/kʌt θruː/
(/kʌt/, /kʌt/)
to block sth, esp. Light /The thick curtains cut out the morning sun and the room was dark.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to go across sth in order to make your route shorter
We’ll cut through the woods to reach the village an hour earlier.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a serious infectious disease of the throat that causes difficulty in breathing
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a vehicle without wheels for travelling on snow, pulled by dogs
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a large number of cases of a particular disease happening at the same time in a particular community
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an extremely strong wind
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to pick, cut or collect -Our grandfather gathers flowers and dries them.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
when a lot of people suddenly go to a place where gold has been found
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who trains and controls animals, esp. Dogs
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Port
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to put things in an untidy pile -Mum heaps dirty clothes next to the washing machine.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
advertising material that is sent via email to people who have not asked for it
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to remove or end restrictions -The government has decided to lift the ban on imported fruits.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
showing no kindness or pity -the merciless heat of the sun
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the job of caring for sick people
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to disagree strongly with sb’s plan, policy, etc. and try to change it
The staff opposed the management’s plan to change working hours.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a sudden strong expression of emotion
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
104
output
n
/ˈaʊtpʊt/
quarantine
n
/ˈkwɒrəntiːn/
remote
adj
/rɪˈməʊt/
resolution
n
/ˌrezəˈluːʃn/
scream
v
/skriːm/
split up (with)
(split, split)
work out
phr v
/splɪt ˈʌp (wɪð)/
(/splɪt/, /splɪt/)
/wɜːk aʊt/
phr v
the amount that a machine produces
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a period of time when an animal or a person that has a disease is kept away from others in order to prevent the
disease from spreading
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
far away from where people live
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a firm decision to do or not to do sth -Lillian’s resolution to give up her job took us by surprise.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to give a loud, high cry, because you are hurt, frightened, excited, etc.
The woman screamed when she saw the mouse, and ran out of the cellar.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to stop having a relationship with sb -Fay’s parents split up last year and she now lives with her mum.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to develop in a successful way
Diane’s first business idea didn’t work out, but she decided to try again.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
09 LISTENING (Student's Book p92)
as luck would
have it
ballet
idm
n
/æz lʌk wəd hæv
ɪt/
/ˈbæleɪ/
critic
n
/ˈkrɪtɪk/
dedicate
v
/ˈdedɪkeɪt/
deep down
idm
/diːp daʊn/
essential
adj
/ɪˈsenʃl/
(not) get (sb)
wrong
idm
/(nɒt) ɡet (sb) rɒŋ/
in such a way that chance decides what will happen
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a style of dancing that tells a dramatic story with music but no talking or singing
She wants to be a ballet dancer.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who expresses disapproval of sb/sth, esp. Publicly
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to give all your energy and time to sth -Mozart dedicated his life to classical music.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
if you know sth deep down, you know your true feelings about sth, although you may not admit them to yourself
She made an effort to get used to her new life, but deep down she knew she would never be happy there.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
necessary, extremely important
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to not understand correctly what sb means
Alex shouldn’t have got married so young. Don’t get me wrong − his wife is adorable.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
105
in a way
idm
/ɪn ə weɪ/
lead a … life
v phr
/liːd ə laɪf/
miss out on
phr v
/mɪs aʊt ɒn/
pastime
n
/ˈpɑːstaɪm/
persuade
v
/pəˈsweɪd/
reckon
v
/ˈrekən/
regret
v
/rɪˈɡret/
set your
heart on sth
tour
idm
v
/set jɔː(r) hɑːt ɒn
(sth)/
/tɔː(r)/
typical
adj
/ˈtɪpɪkl/
to some extent
-In a way, I think I’d be happy doing this job for the rest of my life, but I suppose I should be more adventurous.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to have a particular type of life -to lead a quiet life
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to fail to benefit from sth useful or enjoyable by not taking part in it
Don’t miss out on visiting Versailles, when you go to Paris!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth that you enjoy doing
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to give sb good reasons for doing sth -I couldn’t persuade my father to buy me the new computer game.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to suppose, to think, to have an opinion -Well, I reckon it will take us a whole week to finish this project.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to feel sorry about sth you have done or about sth you have not been able to do
If you don’t do it now, you’ll only regret it.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to want sth very much -I have set my heart on becoming a vet.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to travel around a place, for example on holiday, or to perform, to advertise sth, etc.
She toured the country promoting her book.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
having the usual qualities or features of a particular type of person, thing or group
A typical athlete trains for between six and eight hours a day.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
09 SPEAKING (Student's Book p93)
close
adj
/kləʊs/
knowing sb very well and liking them very much
Fran was very close to Uncle Martin; that’s why she missed him so much when he moved.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
106
The Consumer Society UNIT-10
Tips for using this wordlist
- Write translations in the empty column.
- Make your own sentence for each word in the right-hand column. (MS= My Sentence)
Word
Part
of Speech
10 READING (Student’s Book pp96–97)
Phonetics
acclaimed
adj
/əˈkleɪmd/
acre
n
/ˈeɪkə(r)/
admission
n
/ədˈmɪʃn/
boom
v
/buːm/
breeding
ground
bright
n
adj
/ˈbriːdɪŋ
ɡraʊnd/
/braɪt/
campus
n
/ˈkæmpəs/
canvas
n
/ˈkænvəs/
commercial
adj
/kəˈmɜːʃl/
Translation
Definition And Example Sentence
Praised - a highly acclaimed author
"The West Wing" is one of the most critically acclaimed TV series in the USA.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a unit for measuring an area of land; 4050 square metres
Only 865 acres were planned as open space under the old plan.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the act of accepting sb into an institution -admission to the European Union
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to have a period of rapid growth -Internet sales are currently booming and e-shops are making huge profits.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a place where sth, esp. sth bad, is able to develop
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
giving reason to believe that good things will happen; likely to be successful
This young musician has a bright future.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the buildings of a university or college and the land around them
The university campus is so big that there is a bus service from one building to another.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a piece of strong heavy rough fabric used for painting on
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
connected with the buying and selling of goods and services
Each company is fighting to protect its own commercial interests.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
107
consumer
n
/kənˈsjuːmə(
r)/
contemporary
adj
cure
v
/kənˈtemprə
ri/
/kjʊə(r)/
dealer
n
/ˈdiːlə(r)/
dean
/diːn/
decline
n
/dɪˈklaɪn/
demand
n
/dɪˈmɑːnd/
depict
v
/dɪˈpɪkt/
digital
adj
/ˈdɪdʒɪtl/
disciplined
adj
/ˈdɪsəplɪnd/
disillusioned
adj
/ˌdɪsɪˈluːʒnd/
draw
n
/drɔː/
elite
adj
/ɪˈliːt/
exhibition
n
/ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/
expressive
adj
/ɪkˈspresɪv/
a person who buys things and uses services
Consumers spend millions of pounds every year on sports clothes and equipment.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
modern, belonging to the present time
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make a person or an animal healthy again after an illness
We believe that this new drug will cure the boy very fast.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person whose business is buying and selling works of art
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person in a university who is in charge of a department of studies
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
gradual loss of strength
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the need of customers for goods or services
There is a huge demand for ice cream and soft drinks at the cafe during the summer months.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to show an image of sth in a picture -In my bedroom, there is a poster depicting children skating on ice.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
using an electronic signal, made by a computer
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
trained to obey rules -a well-disciplined sports team
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
disappointed because the person you admired or the idea you believed to be good and true now seems without
value
I soon became disillusioned with the job.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person or thing that attracts a lot of people
He’s the biggest draw in Hollywood at the moment; his films sell millions of tickets.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
that belongs to a group that has a lot of power or influence, because of their wealth, intelligence, etc.
In many African countries, only the elite families can afford an education for their children.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a collection of things, works of art that are shown to the public -a school painting exhibition
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
showing or able to show your thoughts and feelings
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
108
faculty
n
/ˈfæklti/
fiercely
adj
/fɪəsli/
Fine Arts
n pl
/faɪn ɑːts/
flowering
former
adj
adj
/ˈflaʊərɪŋ/
/ˈfɔːmə(r)/
gesture
v
/ˈdʒestʃə(r)/
graduate
v
/ˈɡrædʒuət/
hot
adj
/hɒt/
idealistic
adj
/ˌaɪdiəˈlɪstɪk/
identity
n
/aɪˈdentəti/
in search of
prep
phr
v
/ɪn sɜːtʃ ɒv/
lacking (in
sth)
major
adj
/ˈlækɪŋ (ɪn
sth)/
/ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/
materialistic
adj
medium
n
/məˌtɪəriəˈlɪs
tɪk/
/ˈmiːdiəm/
might as well
v phr
/maɪt əz
label
n
/ˈleɪbl/
all the teachers in a department of a college or university
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
aggressively, angrily -fiercely competitive
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
forms of art, esp. painting, drawing and sculpture
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the time when sth reaches its most complete and successful stage of development
of an earlier time - Her former husband often visits to see the children.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move your hands in order to express what you mean or want
‘What happened?’ she said, gesturing at the broken vase.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to get a degree, esp. your first degree, from a university or college
I graduated from the School of Civil Engineering in 2006.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
new, exciting and very popular -This is one of the hottest clubs in town.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
having a strong belief in perfect standards and trying to achieve them, even when this is not realistic
It’s only natural for teenagers to be idealistic and believe they can change the world.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the characteristics that distinguish a group of people, a race
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
looking for -She went to Hollywood in search of a career in the film industry.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to fix a piece of paper on sth with information on it
All cigarette packs are labelled with a health warning.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
having none or not enough of sth -She’s not usually lacking in confidence.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the main subject or course of a student at college or university (usually in the US)
We are both students at the same university, but in different majors.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
caring more about money and possessions than anything else
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the material or the form that an artist , a writer or a musician uses -the medium of paint
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the situation is the same or almost the same as if it were true
109
wel/
modest
adj
/ˈmɒdɪst/
motivated
adj
motive
n
/ˈməʊtɪveɪtɪ
d/
/ˈməʊtɪv/
nightmare
n
/ˈnaɪtmeə(r)/
nowadays
adv
/ˈnaʊədeɪz/
open (to sb)
v
/ˈəʊpən (to
sb)/
passion (for
sb/sth)
place
n
v
/ˈpæʃn (fɔː(r)
sb/sth)/
/pleɪs/
plot
n
/plɒt/
practical
adj
/ˈpræktɪkl/
present-day
adj
/preznt ˈdeɪ/
prestige
n
/preˈstiːʒ/
printmaking
n
/ˈprɪntmeɪkɪ
ŋ/
prosperous
adj
/ˈprɒspərəs/
range
n
/reɪndʒ/
You shouldn’t have asked Beth how she got the money; you might as well have called her a thief!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not very large, expensive, important, etc.
Tracy was an excellent teacher and, what’s more, only charged a very modest fee.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make sb want to do sth
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a reason for doing sth -Money should not be the only motive in your life.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an experience that is very frightening and unpleasant, or very difficult to deal with
Nobody knows what is going on; it’s a nightmare!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
at the present time
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be available and ready to use Not before a noun.
What options are open to us?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a very strong feeling of liking sth - The English have a passion for gardens.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to express the attitude sb has towards sb/sth -We place great value on our teaching methods.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a piece of land that is used or intended for a special purpose
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
connected with real situations rather than with ideas or theories -practical advice
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
existing in the world now, rather than in the past or the future -present-day fashions
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the respect and admiration that sb/sth has because of what they have done
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the technique of making a picture that is first carved into metal or wood and then covered with ink and printed onto
paper
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
rich and successful
-I don’t understand why there are more homeless people in prosperous countries than in poor ones.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a variety of things of a particular type -The complex offers a wide range of sports facilities.
110
reduce
v
/rɪˈdjuːs/
reflect
v
/rɪˈflekt/
reshape
v
/ˌriːˈʃeɪp/
sculptor
n
/ˈskʌlptə(r)/
selective
adj
/sɪˈlektɪv/
shield
v
/ʃiːld/
shift
n
/ʃɪft/
show up
(showed,
shown)
snap up
phr v
phr v
/ʃəʊ ʌp/
(/ʃəʊd/,
/ʃəʊn/)
/snæp ʌp/
society
n
/səˈsaɪəti/
sophisticated
adj
spacious
adj
/səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪ
d/
/ˈspeɪʃəs/
state-run
struggle
adj
n
/steɪt rʌn/
/ˈstrʌɡl/
sum
n
/sʌm/
sweep
(swept,
swept)
v
/swiːp/
(/swept/,
/swept/)
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make less -I want to lose weight so I’m trying to reduce the amount of food I eat.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to show or to express -Adam’s dislike of Mrs Green doesn’t reflect my opinion of her. I think she’s really nice.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to change the shape or structure of sth
The government is reshaping the educational system in an attempt to make it more functional.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person who makes figures by carving wood or stone
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
tending to be careful about what or who you choose
Karen is very selective about what she wears; she only buys designer clothes.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to protect sb/sth from danger -The tent shielded us from the hot sun.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a change in position or way of thinking
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to arrive -If Mandy shows up later on, can you please ask her to call me?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to obtain sth quickly because it is cheap or you want it very much
Our best bargains are snapped up one the first day of sales.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the people in a country with their customs and laws
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
clever and complicated in the way that it works -NASA use highly sophisticated computer systems.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
large and with plenty of room for people to move around in
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
managed by the government
a hard fight in which people try to obtain or achieve sth, esp. sth that sb else does not want them to have
a power struggle
an amount of money -You will be fined the sum of £200.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to move over an area, esp. in order to look for sth -Searchlights swept the sky.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
111
talented
adj
/ˈtæləntɪd/
transform
v
/trænsˈfɔːm/
trendy
adj
/ˈtrendi/
turn away
phr v
/tɜːn əˈweɪ/
turn back
phr v
/tɜːn bæk/
turn down
phr v
/tɜːn daʊn/
turn into
phr v
/tɜːn ˈɪntə/
turn out (to
be)
turn over
phr v
/tɜːn aʊt (tə
bi)/
/tɜːn
ˈəʊvə(r)/
unease
n
/ʌnˈiːz/
worth
adj
/wɜːθ/
phr v
having a natural ability to so sth well -a talented player
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to completely change the appearance or character of sth
The new posters have completely transformed our classroom.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Fashionable
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to refuse to allow sb to enter a place -The man at the bar entrance turned us away because we were under 18.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to return the way you have come -The road was blocked by a fallen tree, so we had to turn back.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
1) to reject or refuse to consider an offer /We decided not to sell our house after all, so we turned down his offer.
2) to reduce the noise of a piece of equipment by moving its controls
You’ve turned down the radio so much that I can’t hear a thing!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to transform, to become sth different
At the end of the story the frog turns into a handsome prince.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to prove to be -The job turned out to be more interesting that I had thought.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make sth change position so that the other side is facing outwards or upwards
I think you’d better turn the omelette over before you burn this side.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the feeling of being worried or unhappy about sth
-There was growing unease as the time passed and we had no news of them.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
having a certain value -If I’m on my own, I don’t usually cook for myself. It isn’t worth the trouble.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
10 WRITING (Student's Book pp98–99)
account
n
/əˈkaʊnt/
change money
v
phr
v
phr
/tʃeɪndʒ
ˈmʌni/
/tʃeɪndʒ ðə
ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/
change the
subject
written or spoken description of sth that has happened
The judge asked the witness for a detailed account of what had happened.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
change an amount of one currency for another
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to talk about sth else
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
112
change your
mind
come about
(came, come)
v
phr
phr
v
/tʃeɪndʒ jɔː(r)
maɪnd/
/kʌm əˈbaʊt/
(/keɪm/,
/kʌm/)
/kʌm daʊn/
(/keɪm/,
/kʌm/)
/kʌm ʌp
əˈɡeɪnst/
come down
(came, come)
phr
v
come up
against
phr
v
come up with
(came, come)
phr
v
damaged
adj
/kʌm ʌp wɪð/
(/keɪm/,
/kʌm/)
/ˈdæmɪdʒd/
disinterested
adj
/dɪsˈɪntrəstɪd/
leather
n
/ˈleðə(r)/
overpriced
adj
/ˌəʊvəˈpraɪst/
receipt
n
/rɪˈsiːt/
refund
n
/ˈriːfʌnd/
reserved
adj
/rɪˈzɜːvd/
shop window
n
/ʃɒp ˈwɪndəʊ/
sketch
n
/sketʃ/
strap
n
/stræp/
zoom lens
n
/zuːm lenz/
to change a decision or an opinion -Nothing will make me change my mind.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to happen -How did it come about that a student as good as Rachel got such a poor mark in the test?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to lower -Computers usually come down in price when a new model appears.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to face difficulties- The council’s plan to turn the park into an office block came up against huge opposition from
local residents.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to find an answer -I wish you would come up with a way of solving this problem.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
physically spoilt, harmed
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not interested
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
material made by removing the hair or fur from animal skins
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
costing more than it is worth -I believe designer clothes are overpriced; why pay double the price for a simple suit?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
piece of paper that shows that goods or services have been paid for
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an amount of money paid back to you for sth that you have bought but you are not happy with
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
that has been booked in advance -a table reserved at the best restaurant
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the glass at the front of a shop and the area behind it where goods are shown to the public
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a simple picture that is drawn quickly and does not have many details
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a flat piece of leather or cloth for fastening things -A leather watch strap can be expensive.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the part of a camera which contains a curved piece of glass that makes things look larger when you look through it
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
113
10 USE OF ENGLISH (Student's Book pp 100–101)
alternative
n
/ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/
biro
castle
n
n
/ˈbaɪrəʊ/
/ˈkɑːsl/
compass
n
/ˈkʌmpəs/
dispose (of)
v
/dɪˈspəʊz (ɒv)/
dynamo
n
/ˈdaɪnəməʊ/
experiment
n
/ɪkˈsperɪmənt/
extraction
n
/ɪkˈstrækʃn/
fashion show
n
/ˈfæʃn ʃəʊ/
graphite
n
/ˈɡræfaɪt/
harm
v
/hɑːm/
ink
n
/ɪŋk/
instead of
prep
/ɪnˈsted ɒv/
internal
combustion
engine
invention
n
/ɪnˈtɜːnl
kəmˈbʌstʃən
ˈendʒɪn/
/ɪnˈvenʃn/
n
a thing that you can choose to do or have out of two or more possibilities
You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a plastic pen with a metal ball at the top that rolls ink onto the paper
a large strong building with thick high walls and towers, built in the past by kings and queens, or other important
people, to defend themselves against attack
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
instrument for finding direction
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to get rid of sb/sth that you do not want or cannot keep
Many people dispose of old newspapers by burning them in their fireplaces.
 Disposable (adj) means: made to be thrown away after use.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a device for turning energy from movement into electricity
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a scientific test that is carried out in order to gain new knowledge
I am against carrying out experiments on animals.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the act or process of removing or obtaining sth from sth else /the extraction of salt from the sea
Dentists will only resort to extraction of a tooth when all other treatments have failed.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
an event organised in order to present the new fashion in clothes
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a soft black mineral that is a form of carbon
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to hurt sb or damage sth -Air pollution can harm people as well as animals.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
coloured liquid for writing, drawing and printing
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
in the place of sth -Can I use oil instead of butter in this recipe?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a type of engine used in most cars that produces power by burning petrol inside
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a thing made for the first time
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
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lead
n
/led/
light bulb
n phr
/laɪt bʌlb/
manufacture
v
/ˌmænjuˈfæktʃə(r)/
mine
n
/maɪn/
monument
n
/ˈmɒnjumənt/
motor
n
/ˈməʊtə(r)/
politician
n
/ˌpɒləˈtɪʃn/
recycled
adj
/ˌriːˈsaɪkld/
situated
adj
/ˈsɪtʃueɪtɪd/
statue
n
/ˈstætʃuː/
ton
n
/tʌn/
worthwhile
adj
/ˌwɜːθˈwaɪl/
the thin black part of a pencil that marks paper
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the glass part that fits into an electric lamp and gives light
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to make goods in large quantities -Toyota manufactures cars.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a deep hole or holes under the ground where minerals such as coal, gold, etc. are dug
a diamond mine in South Africa
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a building, column, statue, etc. built to remind people of a famous person or event
A monument to him was erected in St Paul’s Cathedral.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a device that uses electricity or gas to produce movement and makes a machine work
The the boat’s motor needs to be serviced; it’s not working properly.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a person whose job is concerned with politics, esp. as an elected member of parliament, etc.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to describe things that have been treated so they can be used again -recycled paper
MS:__________________________________________
_________________________________________________
which is in a particular place -The hotel is situated near a beautiful sandy beach.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a figure of a person or an animal in stone, metal, etc. -the golden statue of goddess Athena
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a unit for measuring weight, 1000 kg
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
important, enjoyable, interesting, etc. -It was in aid of a worthwhile cause.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
115
10 LISTENING (Student's Book p102)
arrangement
n
/əˈreɪndʒmənt/
bargain
n
/ˈbɑːɡən/
be one for
idm
/bi wʌn fɔː(r)/
brand
n
/brænd/
buzz
n
/bʌz/
can’t hear
myself think
drag
phr
v
/kɑːnt hɪə(r)
maɪself θɪŋk/
/dræɡ/
expenditure
n
/ɪkˈspendɪtʃə(r)/
faulty
adj
/ˈfɔːlti/
goods
n pl
/ɡʊdz/
have an eye
for (sth)
idm
/hæv ən aɪ
fɔː(r) (sth)/
inclined
adj
/ɪnˈklaɪnd/
let’s face it
v phr
/lets feɪs ɪt/
merchandise
n
/ˈmɜːtʃəndaɪs/
mind you
idm
/maɪnd ju/
the way things are done or organised -living arrangements
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
sth that is cheaper than usual -The coat I bought in the sales was a real bargain. It only cost 40 euros!
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be a person who enjoys sth -I’m not one for travelling abroad, but I sometimes visit relatives in the USA.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the name of a product that a company produces
‘Lindt’ is a well-known brand of chocolate from Switzerland.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a strong feeling of pleasure or excitement –Flying gives me a real buzz.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
can’t think clearly because it’s so noisy and distracting
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to persuade sb to go somewhere they do not really want to go to
It’s difficult to go shopping, dragging your children behind you.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
the amount of money that is spent
The government's annual expenditure on arms has been reduced.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
not working properly - I returned my iPod to the shop because it was faulty.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
things that are produced to be sold / The store sells a wide range of goods.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to be able to judge if things are valuable, attractive, etc.
She’s always very elegantly dressed; she certainly has an eye for stylish clothes.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
likely to do sth -Children are more inclined to listen to you if you speak loudly.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
let’s accept reality -The new Ferrari is an amazing car; but, let’s face it, we’ll never be able to afford one.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
things for sale / The merchandise is attractively displayed and the assistants are friendly and helpful.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
used to add sth to what you have just said esp. sth that makes it less strong
Did you know Josh has resigned? Mind you, I’m not surprised; he’s never liked his job.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
116
part with
phr v
/pɑːt wɪð/
reasonable
adj
/ˈriːznəbl/
right
n
/raɪt/
stock
v
/stɒk/
what really
gets me
phr
/wɒt ˈrɪəli ɡets
mi/
to give sth away that you would prefer to keep
You should check that that computer has a guarantee before you part with any of your hard-earned money.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
(of prices) not too expensive -This shop sells French perfume at very reasonable prices.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
a moral or legal claim to have or do sth -All children have a right to basic education.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
to keep a supply of a particular type of goods to sell -Do you stock umbrellas?
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
what annoys me the most
Mandy is never on time for lunch, but what really gets me is when she complains if someone else is late.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
10 SPEAKING (Student's Book p103)
silent
adj
/ˈsaɪlənt/
(of a person) not speaking -As the curtain rose, the audience fell silent.
MS:___________________________________________________________________________________________
Sources:
idioms.thefreedictionary.com
dictionary.reference.com
dictionary.cambridge.org
ldoceonline.com
117