SOW_MadisonWest2012_Vibrations
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September 19, 2011 A Study of Transfer of Vibrations Inside a Rocket and Passive Vibration Dampening Techniques Madison West High School - Returning Team Left to right: Zoë, Zuodian, Arik, Suzanne, Colin, Richard, Cindy SLI 2012 Statement of Work Madison West High School Returning Team -2- SLI 2012 SOW Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Contents School Information........................................................................................................ 5 Student Participants ..................................................................................................... 7 Facilities and Equipment .............................................................................................. 8 Facilities for Rocket Design and Testing ...................................................................... 8 Personnel ..................................................................................................................... 9 Equipment and Supplies ............................................................................................ 10 Computer Equipment ................................................................................................. 12 Section 508 Compliance ............................................................................................ 14 Safety ........................................................................................................................... 15 Written Safety Plan .................................................................................................... 15 I. NAR Safety Requirements ...................................................................................... 15 II. Hazardous Materials .............................................................................................. 16 III. Compliance with Laws and Environmental Regulations ........................................ 16 IV. Education, Safety Briefings and Supervision ........................................................ 17 V. Procedures and Documentation ............................................................................ 17 Physical Risks ............................................................................................................ 18 Toxicity Risks ............................................................................................................. 18 Scheduling and Facilities Risks.................................................................................. 18 Rocket/Payload Risks ................................................................................................ 19 Technical Design ......................................................................................................... 21 Vehicle Dimensions ................................................................................................... 21 Entire Vehicle ......................................................................................................... 21 Vehicle Parameters ................................................................................................ 22 Propulsion .................................................................................................................. 23 Primary Motor Selection ......................................................................................... 23 Wind Speed vs. Altitude ......................................................................................... 24 Thrust Profile .......................................................................................................... 24 Acceleration Profile ................................................................................................ 25 Vehicle Flight Sequence ........................................................................................ 26 Deployment and Recovery ......................................................................................... 27 Parachutes ............................................................................................................. 27 Drift ........................................................................................................................ 27 Universal Avionics Platform - System Hermes ....................................................... 28 -3- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Performance Targets that Apply to Vehicle ................................................................ 29 Payload ...................................................................................................................... 30 Experimental Overview .......................................................................................... 30 Experimental Setup ................................................................................................ 31 Experimental Sequence ......................................................................................... 33 Data Collection and Analysis ................................................................................. 34 Universal Avionics Platform - System Hermes ....................................................... 34 Hypotheses ............................................................................................................ 35 Post Flight Procedure............................................................................................. 35 Performance Targets .................................................................................................. 36 Major Challenges and Solutions ................................................................................ 42 Major Vehicle Challenges ...................................................................................... 42 Major Payload Challenges and Solutions ............................................................... 43 Educational Engagement ........................................................................................... 44 Community Support ................................................................................................... 44 Outreach Programs.................................................................................................... 45 Project Plan ................................................................................................................. 47 Schedule .................................................................................................................... 47 Budget ....................................................................................................................... 48 Educational Standards ............................................................................................... 49 Second Year Project .................................................................................................. 52 Sustainability .............................................................................................................. 52 Appendices .................................................................................................................. 55 Appendix A: Resume for Arik ..................................................................................... 55 Appendix B: Resume for Cindy .................................................................................. 57 Appendix C: Resume for Colin ................................................................................... 59 Appendix D: Resume for Zuodian .............................................................................. 61 Appendix E: Resume for Richard ............................................................................... 63 Appendix F: Resume for Suzanne ............................................................................. 65 Appendix G: Resume for Zoë..................................................................................... 66 Appendix H: Model Rocket Safety Code .................................................................... 67 Appendix I: High Power Rocket Safety Code ............................................................. 69 Appendix J: Section 508 ............................................................................................ 71 Appendix K: Material Safety Data Sheets .................................................................. 76 -4- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW School Information School Name Madison West High School Title of Project A Study of Transfer of Vibrations Inside a Rocket and Passive Vibration Dampening Techniques Administrative Staff Member West High School Principal Ed Holmes Madison West High School, 30 Ash St., Madison, WI, 53726 Phone: (608) 204-4104 E-Mail: eholmes@madison.k12.wi.us Team Official Ms. Christine Hager, Biology Instructor Madison West High School, 30 Ash St., Madison, WI 53726 Phone: (608) 204-3181 E-Mail: ckamke@madison.k12.wi.us Educators and Mentors Pavel Pinkas, Ph.D., Senior Software Engineer for DNASTAR, Inc. 1763 Norman Way, Madison, WI, 53705 Work Phone: (608) 237-3068 Home Phone: (608) 957-2595 Fax: (608) 258-3749 E-Mail: pavelp@dnastar.com Brent Lillesand 4809 Jade Lane, Madison, WI 53714 Phone: (608) 241-9282 E-mail: blillesand@charter.net Jeffrey A. Havlena 118 Richland Lane, Madison, WI 53705 Phone: (608) 238-6880 E-Mail: JAHAVLENA@wisc.edu Matthew Lynch 5322 Milward Dr, Madison, WI 53705 E-Mail: mdl53711@gmail.com -5- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Section 508 Consultant: Ms. Ronda Solberg DNASTAR, Inc. (senior software designer) 3801 Regent St, Madison, WI 53705 E-Mail: rondas@dnastar.com Associated NAR Chartered Section #558 President: Mr. Scott T. Goebel Phone: (262) 634-3971 E-Mail: sgoebel@westrocketry.com WOOSH http://www.wooshrocketry.org Wisconsin Organization Of Spacemodeling Hobbyists (WOOSH) is a chartered section (#558) of the National Association of Rocketry. They assist Madison West Rocketry with launches, mentoring, and reviewing. -6- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Student Participants Delivery Team: responsible for vehicle design, flight safety parameters, altitude target, propulsion and launch operations ZOË ARIK havlenaz@westrocketry.com vanastena@westrocketry.com Deployment Team: responsible for deployment electronics, parachute selection and preparation, parachute and ejection charges calculation, ejection static testing CINDY COLIN ccai@westrocketry.com ckeating@westrocketry.com Telemetry Team: responsible for maintaining wireless contact with the rocket, receiving data from on-board GPS, avionics and payload, tracking and locating the rocket. SUZANNE KC9TTA TEAM LEADER hanles@westrocketry.com Payload Team: responsible for payload design, payload preflight preparations and activation, postflight payload data analysis. RICHARD rzhou@westrocketry.com -7- ZUODIAN huz@westrocketry.com Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Facilities and Equipment Facilities for Rocket Design and Testing 1. Planning, discussion, design concept and writing will occur at UW Madison, Dept. of Physics, Room #2223, located at Chamberlin Hall, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, on the weekends. 2. Construction of the rocket will occur at a workshop at 3555 University Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, on the weekends or as necessary. We have a 24/7 access to this facility. 3. Construction of the payload will also occur at a workshop at 3555 University Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, on the weekends. 4. Preparation of the payload contents will occur at a workshop at 3555 University Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, on the weekends. 5. Additional manufacturing of the payload and/or result analysis will occur at biology laboratories at Madison West High School, 30 Ash Street, Madison, Wisconsin, 53726, on weekdays, after school. 6. Team organizational meetings will occur during lunchtime every Monday in Room 365 of Madison West High School, 30 Ash Street, Madison, Wisconsin, 53726. 7. Launching of low-powered scale model rockets will occur on weekends from November through April, at Reddan Soccer Park located at 6874 Cross Country Road, Verona, Wisconsin, 53593. Large Model Rocket Launch notification will be made to comply with FAA regulations Part 101. NFPA code 1122 and NAR Model Rocket Safety Code will be followed during these launches. Mentors will supervise all launches. 8. Launching of high-powered rockets will occur at Richard Bong Recreational Area located in Southeast Wisconsin at 26313 Burlington Road, Kansasville, Wisconsin, 53189. We will obtain Power Rocket Altitude waivers from the FAA prior to high power launches. High power launches will coincide with the high power launch of WOOSH, Section 558 of the NAR. Mentors will supervise all launches. -8- Madison West High School Returning Team Scheduling and Facilities Risks Risks Consequences Workshop Unable to complete space construction of unavailable rocket and/or payload Design facilities Unable to complete unavailable project design/description Team members Unable to complete unavailable project SLI 2012 SOW Mitigation We will insure the availability of our workshop space for the times that we need it. We will also work at team members’ homes if necessary. We will insure the availability of our design facilities and work at team members’ homes if needed. We will plan meetings in advance and insure that enough team members will be present to allow sufficient progress. Table 1: Risks associated with scheduling and facilities Personnel Ms. Christine Hager Dr. Pavel Pinkas Mr. Jeffrey A. Havlena Mr. Brent Lillesand Mr. Matthew Lynch Mr. Scott Goebel Main Advisor, Educational Supervisor NAR Mentor, Scientific Advisor NAR Mentor, Scientific Advisor NAR Mentor, Vehicle Construction Supervisor Student Mentor NAR Mentor, NAR Section 558 (WOOSH) Contact -9- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Equipment and Supplies EQUIPMENT POWER TOOLS SUPPLIES Soldering irons Drill press Band saws Hacksaws Dremel tool (with necessary attachments) Hand drill Hand saw Scroll saw Hydraulic press Jig saw Cyanoacrylate glue (superglue) Accelerator and de-bonder for superglue West Epoxy (resin, quick and slow hardener, various fillers) 5 Minute Epoxy Masking tape Wire strippers Table saw Electric tape Drill bits Belt sander Box cutters Table saw X-acto knives Sandpaper and sanding blocks Rulers and yardsticks Jig saw Router Batteries of varying size and voltage to power electronic components Various minor electronic components (resistors, capacitors, LEDs) JB Weld Glue Solder, flux Ring and C-clamps Pliers, clippers Phillips/flathead screwdrivers (various sizes) Vices of varying sizes Breathing masks (to be used when sanding or cutting fiberglass) Latex gloves, safety goggles First aid kit Ethyl-alcohol Isopropyl-alcohol ROCKET COMPONENTS G10 sheets of fiberglass Kevlar and tubular nylon shock cords Nomex Fabric Quick links Plywood centering rings, sheets, bulkheads Screws, nuts, Tnuts, washers, etc. 4-inch fiberglass tubing, 6-inch fiberglass tubing U-Bolts, I-Bolts Nose cone Lock’N’Load motor retention kit Rail buttons PerfectFlite altimeters PerfectFlite timers Parallax Propeller Chips and development kits Table 2: Various equipment that will be used in the construction of our rocket and payload -10- Madison West High School Returning Team -11- SLI 2012 SOW Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Computer Equipment School Computers 500MHz-2GHz, 128MB-1GB RAM Windows 98, XP Able to use Apple G3-G5 Student Personal Computers’ Range 1.3 - 3.6 GHz Intel dual to quad core processor 512mb - 4 GB RAM 40 GB – 1 TB Hard Drive Windows XP, Vista, Windows 7 Max OS X Tiger, Leopard, Snow Leopard Team members posses 10 of laptops total Web Hosting Our websites are hosted by HostGator (a commercial hosting company). Our club website can be found at http://westrocketry.com. Internet Connection School Computers - T3 connection for Internet UW Madison - T3 connection and an internal wireless network (801b/g/n) Home – DSL 768Kbps-6.0Mbps (download), 256Kbps-1.5Mbps (upload) Computer Accessible Programs Adobe Creative Suite 4 Design Premium Edition Adobe After Effects CS4 Apple Final Cut Express Eclipse Java IDE, XCode, Propeller Tool Octave 3.2.2 Apogee RockSim 8 Firefox, Safari, Chrome and Internet Explorer Browsers Google Sketchup 3D Design MS Outlook Microsoft Office 2003-2008 E-mail capability The team will be communicating via email. All SLI members have personal email accounts. There is also a group e-mail address that allows addressing the whole team by sending a message to a single e-mail address (sli2012n@westrocketry.com). This format has worked with great efficiency for the last five years. Presentation Simulation Software Microsoft Power Point 2003/2010 -12- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Video Teleconferencing (Webcasting) Our SLI 2012 team will use the UW Extension at the Pyle Center for Video Teleconferencing facilities. We prefer to use Webex teleconferencing software. Contact Dr. Rosemary Lehman for information about firewall issues. UW Extension Pyle Center 702 Langdon St. Madison WI, 53706 Fax: 608-236-4435 Phone: 608-262-7524 lehman@ics.uwex.edu -13- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Section 508 Compliance Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board Electronic and Information Technology (EIT) Accessibility Standards (36 CFR Part 1194) The team will implement required parts of Section 508, namely § 1194.21 Software applications and operating systems (all items) § 1194.22 Web-based intranet and internet information and applications (all items) § 1194.26 Desktop and portable computers (all items) o § 1194.23 Telecommunications products (items (k)(1) through (4)) as referenced by § 1194.26 The team carefully reviewed the above listed sections and consulted the same with two senior software engineers at DNASTAR, Inc. (a bioinformatics software company). Re: § 1194.21: The team is using MS Windows and Mac OS-X based computers. Both Microsoft and Apple are strong supporters of Section 508 and all installation of MS Windows and Mac OS-X are complete including the access assistive features. All third party software used in the SLI project is claimed as Section 508 compliant by the software company producing the software (Microsoft, Apple, and Adobe). Software and firmware developed by the students during the project will be verified for Section 508 compliance by senior software engineers from DNASTAR Inc. All found violations will be fixed prior software deployment. Re: § 1194.22: The rocket club website (http://www.westrocketry.com) has been checked for Section 508 compliance using various automated validators (such as http://section508.info). No violations have been found. The website specific to the proposed project will be periodically subjected to the same selection of tests and the webmaster will remove all found violations in a timely manner. Re: § 1194.26: All computers used by the team members and educators are Section 508 compliant. No computer has been modified beyond the manufacturer approved upgrades. -14- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Safety Written Safety Plan I. NAR Safety Requirements a. Certification and Operating Clearances: Mr. Lillesand holds a Level 3 HPR certification. Dr. Pinkas has a Level 1 HPR certification and plans on having a Level 2 HPR certification by the end of February 2012. Mr. Havlena holds a level 1 HPR certification. He plans to complete his Level 2 by April 2012 and is our back-up launch supervisor. Mr. Lillesand has Low Explosives User Permit (LEUP). If necessary, the team can store propellant with Mr. Goebel, who owns a BATFE approved magazine for storage of solid motor grains containing over 62.5 grams of propellant. Mr. Lillesand is the designated individual rocket owner for liability purposes and he will accompany the team to Huntsville. Upon their successful L2 certification, Mr. Havlena and Dr. Pinkas will become a backup mentors for this role. All HPR flights will be conducted only at launches covered by an HPR waiver (mostly the WOOSH/NAR Section #558 10,000ft waiver for Richard Bong Recreation Area launch site). All LMR flights will be conducted only at the launches with the FAA notification phoned in at least 24 hours prior to the launch. NAR and NFPA Safety Codes for model rockets and high power rockets will be observed at all launches. Mentors will be present at all launches to supervise the proceedings. b. Motors: We will purchase and use in our vehicle only NAR-certified rocket motors and will do so through our NAR mentors. Mentors will handle all motors and ejection charges. c. Construction of Rocket: In the construction of our vehicle, we will use only proven, reliable materials made by well established manufacturers, under the supervision of our NAR mentors. We will comply with all NAR standards regarding the materials and construction methods. Reliable, verified methods of recovery will be exercised during the retrieval of our vehicle. Motors will be used that fall within the NAR HPR Level 2 power limits as well as the restrictions outlined by the SLI program. Lightweight materials such as fiberglass tubing and carbon fiber will be used in the construction of the rocket to ensure that the vehicle is under the engine’s maximum liftoff weight. The computer program RockSim will be utilized to help design and pre-test the stability of our rocket so that no unexpected and potentially dangerous problems with the vehicle occur. Scale model of the rocket will be built and flown to prove the rocket stability. d. Payload: As our payload does not contain hazardous materials, it does not present danger to the environment. However, our NAR mentors will check the payload prior to -15- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW launch in order to verify that there will be no problems. e. Launch Conditions: Test launches will be performed at Richard I. Bong Recreation Area with our mentors present to oversee all proceedings. All launches will be carried out in accordance with FAA, NFPA and NAR safety regulations regarding model and HPR rocket safety, launch angles, and weather conditions. Caution will be exercised by all team members when recovering the vehicle components after flight. No rocket will be launched under conditions of limited visibility, low cloud cover, winds over 20mph or increased fire hazards (drought). II. Hazardous Materials All hazardous materials will be purchased, handled, used, and stored by our NAR mentors. The use of hazardous chemicals in the construction of the rocket, such as epoxy resin, will be carefully supervised by our NAR mentors. When handling such materials, we will make sure to carefully scrutinize and use all MSDS sheets and necessary protection (gloves, goggles, proper ventilation etc.). All MSDS sheets and federal/state/local regulation applicable to our project are available online at http://westrocketry.com/sli2012/safety/safety2012r.php III. Compliance with Laws and Environmental Regulations All team members and mentors will conduct themselves responsibly and construct the vehicle and payload with regard to all applicable laws and environmental regulations. We will make sure to minimize the effects of the launch process on the environment. All recoverable waste will be disposed properly. We will spare no efforts when recovering the parts of the rocket that drifted away. Properly inspected, filled and primed fire extinguishers will be on hand at the launch site. Cognizance of federal, state, and local laws regarding unmanned rocket launches and motor handling The team is cognizant and will abide with the following federal, state and local laws regarding unmanned rocket launches and motor handling: Use of airspace: Federal Aviation Regulations 14 CFR, Subchapter F, Part 101, Subpart C Handling and use of low explosives: Code of Federal Regulation Part 55 Fire Prevention: NFPA1127 Code for High Power Rocket Motors All of the publications mentioned above are available to the team members and mentors via links to the online versions of the documents. -16- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW http://westrocketry.com/sli2012/safety/safety2012r.php WRITTEN STATEMENT OF SAFETY REGULATIONS COMPLIANCE All team members understand and will abide by the following safety regulations: a. Range safety inspections of each rocket before it is flown. Each team shall comply with the determination of the safety inspection. b. The Range Safety Officer has the final say on all rocket safety issues. Therefore, the Range Safety Officer has the right to deny the launch of any rocket for safety reasons. c. Any team that does not comply with the safety requirements will not be allowed to launch their rocket. IV. Education, Safety Briefings and Supervision Mentors and experienced rocketry team members will take time to teach new members the basics of rocket safety. All team members will be taught about the hazards of rocketry and how to respond to them; for example, fires, errant trajectories, and environmental hazards. Students will attend mandatory meetings and pay attention to pertinent emails prior participation in any of our launches to ensure their safety. A mandatory safety briefing will be held prior each launch. During the launch, adult supervisors will make sure the launch area is clear and that all students are observing the launch. Our NAR mentors will ensure that any electronics included in the vehicle are disarmed until all essential pre-launch preparations are finished. All hazardous and flammable materials, such as ejection charges and motors, will be assembled and installed by our NAR-certified mentor, complying with NAR regulations. Each launch will be announced and preceded by a countdown (in accordance with NAR safety codes). V. Procedures and Documentation In all working documents, all sections describing the use of dangerous chemicals will be highlighted. Proper working procedure for such substances will be consistently applied, such as using protective goggles and gloves while working with chemicals such as epoxy. MSDS sheets will be on hand at all times to refer to for safety and emergency procedures. All work done on the building of the vehicle will be closely supervised by adult mentors, who will make sure that students use proper protection and technique when handling dangerous materials and tools necessary for rocket construction. -17- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Physical Risks Risks Saws, knives, Dremel tools, band saws Sandpaper, fiberglass Drill press Consequences Laceration Mitigation All members will follow safety procedures and use protective devices to minimize risk Abrasion Soldering iron Burns Computer, printer Workshop risks Electric shock All members will follow safety procedures and use protective devices to minimize risk All members will follow safety procedures and use protective devices to minimize risk All members will follow safety procedures to minimize risk All members will follow safety procedures to minimize risk All work in the workshop will be supervised by one or more adults. The working area will be well lit and strict discipline will be required Puncture wound Personal injury, material damage Table 3: Risks that would cause physical harm to an individual Toxicity Risks Risks Epoxy, enamel paints, primer, superglue Superglue, epoxy, enamel paints, primer Consequences Toxic fumes Toxic substance consumption Mitigation Area will be well ventilated and there will be minimal use of possibly toxic-fume emitting substances All members will follow safety procedures to minimize risk. Emergency procedure will be followed in case of accidental digestion. Table 4: Risks that would cause toxic harm to an individual Scheduling and Facilities Risks Risks Workshop space unavailable Design facilities unavailable Consequences Unable to complete construction of rocket and/or payload Unable to complete project Team members Unable to complete unavailable project Mitigation We will insure the availability of our workshop space for the times that we need it. We will also work at team members’ homes if necessary. We will insure the availability of our design facilities and work at team members’ homes if needed. We will plan meetings in advance and insure that enough team members will be present to allow sufficient progress. Table 5: Scheduling risks that would inhibit our progress on our project -18- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Rocket/Payload Risks Risks Consequences Unstable rocket Errant flight Improper motor mounting Damage or destruction of rocket. Weak rocket structure Propellant malfunction Rocket structural failure Engine explosion Parachute Parachute failure Payload Payload failure/malfunction Errant flight Launch rail failure Separation failure Parachutes fail to deploy Ejection falsely triggered Unexpected or premature ignition/personal injury/property damage Rocket is lost Recovery failure Transportation damage Possible aberrations in launch, flight and recovery. Mitigation Rocket stability will be verified by computer and scale model flight. Engine system will be integrated into the rocket under proper supervision and used in the accordance with the manufactures’ recommendations. Rocket will be constructed with durable products to minimize risk. All members will follow NAR Safety Code for High Powered Rocketry, especially the safe distance requirement. Attention of all launch participants will be required. Mentors will assemble the motors in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Parachute Packaging will be double checked by team members. Deployment of parachutes will be verified during static testing. Team members will double-check all possible failure points on payload. NAR Safety code will be observed to protect all member and spectators. Launch rail will be inspected prior each launch. Separation joints will be properly lubricated and inspected before launch. All other joints will be fastened securely. Proper arming and disarming procedures will be followed. External switches will control all rocket electronics. The rocket will be equipped with radio and sonic tracking beacons. Rocket will be properly packaged for transportation and inspected carefully prior to launch Table 6: Risks associated with the rocket launch -19- Madison West High School Returning Team -20- SLI 2012 SOW Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Technical Design We will use a single stage, K-class vehicle for our experiment. We will be observing the transfer of vibrations inside the rocket and measuring effectiveness of two selected dampening techniques. The rocket will be constructed from LOC Precision fiber tubing, using balsa/G10 sandwich for fins. The rocket will be robust enough to endure 35+g of acceleration and high power rocket flight and deployment stresses. To have a successful mission the rocket must reach (but not exceed) altitude of one mile AGL and the payload must record all data necessary for our experiment. The rocket will be 116 inches long, with a 3 inch diameter for upper payload and recovery system sections, 5.5 inch diameter for the lower payload, booster and fin assembly. It has estimated liftoff mass of 6 kilograms. The proposed vehicle and propulsion are discussed in detail below. The primary propulsion choice is a 54mm K-class motor (CTI K590DT) with total impulse of 2415Ns. The vehicle can launch from a standard size, 8ft launch rail. The rocket will use dual deployment to minimize drift. Vehicle Dimensions Entire Vehicle Figure 1: A two dimensional schematic of the entire rocket. Stability margin for the entire vehicle is 2.22 calibers. -21- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Vehicle Parameters Length [in] 116 Mass [kg] Diameter [in] 6 Motor Selection 5.5, 3.0 CTI-K590DT Stability Thrust to Margin weight ratio [calibers] 2.22 10.1 Table 7: The rocket’s dimensions, stability, and propulsion The figure below shows all compartments and section of our rocket. The rocket separates into three tethered parts (nosecone, main parachute compartment (including deployment e-bay and the rest of the vehicle). We will use standard dual deployment triggered by two fully redundant PerfectFlite MAWD altimeters. Figure 2: A three dimensional schematic of the entire rocket Letter Part Letter Part A Nosecone F Drogue Parachute B Payload Capsules G Transition C Electronics Bay H Payload Capsules D Main Parachute I Motor Mount E Deployment Bay J Fins Table 8: Rocket sections and parts -22- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Propulsion Primary Motor Selection Based on the results of computer simulations we have selected CTI K590DT (54mm) motor as our primary propulsion choice. We have selected CTI K590DT both because it fits both the needs of our vehicle and our experiment. K590 is a dual thrust motor that provides high thrust for liftoff and then downshifts to lower thrust for the rest of its burn. This will not only provide our vehicle with excellent liftoff performance but also deliver two distinct burn phases which will allow our payload to operate under two significantly different conditions (similar to a two stage flight, however without the usual challenges of a two stage rocket). Characteristic parameters of the selected motor are shown in the table below. Motor Diameter [mm] CTI K590DT 54 Total Impulse [Ns] 2415 Burn Time [s] 4.30 Stability Margin [calibers] 2.22 Thrust to weight ratio 10.1 Table 9: Motor parameters The graph below shows the simulated flight profile for the CTI-590DT motor. The vehicle reaches the apogee of 5311ft seventeen seconds (17s) after the ignition. For the purpose of this preliminary simulation the coefficient of drag is set to CD = 0.7. Figure 3: Altitude vs. time graph for CTI K590DT motor. The rocket reaches 5311ft at 17s after ignition. -23- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Wind Speed vs. Altitude The effect of the wind speed on the apogee of the entire flight is investigated in the table below. Even under the worst possible conditions (wind speeds of 20mph, the NAR limit) the flight apogee will differ by less than 3% from the apogee reached in windless conditions. Wind Speed [mph] 0 5 10 15 20 Altitude [ft] 5311 5301 5273 5225 5159 Percent Change in Altitude 0.00 0.17 0.70 1.60 2.86 Table 10: Flight apogee vs. wind speed Thrust Profile The graph below shows the thrust profile for the CTI K590DT motor. The K590DT motor quickly reaches its maximum thrust of 1800N and then sustains thrust of 1500N for 1s, after which the thrust drops to 500N for 2.5s before tapering off. The rocket requires a standard eight-foot rail for sufficient stability on the pad and leaves the 8ft rail at about 77mph. Figure 4: Thrust [N] vs. time [s] graph for CTI K590DT. The motor delivers maximum thrust of 1800 N and burns for 4.3s. -24- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW According to the velocity profile (next graph), the rocket will reach maximum velocity of 560mph shortly before the burnout (4.3s). The rocket remains subsonic for the entire duration of its flight. Figure 5: Velocity vs. time graph. The motor burns out at 4.3 seconds and the rocket reaches its maximum velocity of 560mph shortly before burnout. The rocket remains at subsonic speed range for entire duration of its flight. Acceleration Profile The graph below shows that the rocket will experience maximum acceleration of about 15g. Our rocket will be robust enough to endure the 35g+ acceleration shocks. Figure 6: Acceleration vs. time graph. The rocket experiences maximum acceleration of approximately 30g. -25- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Vehicle Flight Sequence The vehicle flight sequence is shown on the figure below and the important flight events are summarized in the table that follows. Figure 7: Vehicle flight sequence - 1. Ignition, 2. Burnout at 4.30s and 2700ft AGL, 3. Apogee at 15.05s and 5,280ft (drogue parachute deployment triggered), 4. Drogue deployment at apogee, 5. Descent under drogue parachute to 700ft and main parachute deployment, 6. Landing at 101.1s. # Event 1 Ignition/Launch Altitude [ft] 6 Burnout Apogee Drogue deployment Main parachute deploys Landing Trigger Launch 0 2 3 4 5 Time [s] 2700 5280 5280 0.00 control 4.30 15.05 15.05 altimeter 700 67. 7 0 101.1 altimeter Table 11: Flight events, triggers and conditions -26- Triggering Conditions rocket is ready, range and sky clear apogee 700ft AGL reached Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Deployment and Recovery The rocket will use standard dual deployment technique for recovery. Two fully independent PerfectFlite MAWD altimeters will be used to fire the ejection charges. Each altimeter will have its own power source, external arming switch and set of charges. The drogue charges will be fired at apogee (5,280ft). The main parachute will be deployed as field conditions require to prevent excessive drift, most likely at 700ft or 900ft. The table below shows the estimated parachute sizes, descent rates and landing kinetic energy. As required, the rocket separates in no more than four tethered/independent sections (three (3) sections in our case) and the impact energy is no more than 75 ft-lbf for any of the parts (the impact energy for the entire rocket is 68.5 ft-lbf). Parachutes The table below shows the parachutes sizes, required ejection charges, descent rates and impact energy. Parachute Drogue Main Diameter [in] 18 75 Descent Rate [fps] 87 21 Ejection Deployment Charge Altitude [g] [ft] 0.75 5280 0.42 700 Descent Weight [lbs] 10 10 Impact Energy [ft-lbf] 68.5 Table 12: Parachute sizes, ejection charges and descent rates Drift The following table shows the estimated drift of the rocket considering the descent rates in the table above (total flight time 101s). As required, the rocket will not drift past 2,500ft at 15mph wind conditions. Wind Speed [mph] Drift [ft] 0 5 10 15 20 0 740 1481 2222 2963 -27- Drift [mi] 0 0.14 0.28 0.42 0.56 Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Universal Avionics Platform - System Hermes In order to speed-up development of our vehicles and payloads and to allow students to spend more time on the experiments, during past few years students from Madison West Rocketry have developed a universal and extensible payload-vehicle avionics platform named Hermes (the winged messenger). Beginning with 2011/2012 school year, system Hermes will be used in all Madison West Rocketry sounding rockets. The system has been flight-tested during Rockets For Schools 2011 launch. System Hermes provides the following functionality out-of-box: Altitude and 3D acceleration data (100Hz, 8x oversampling, 12 or 16bit) Flight phases analysis (detects takeoff, burnout, staging, apogee, landing) Full duplex serial communication between rocket and ground (900MHz XBee) 96KB of built-in memory for experimental data (expandable as needed) GPS location (transmitted to the ground station over wireless link) Telemetry link (for experimental data transmissions) Extension ports for payload controllers or other devices Regulated DC voltage to power other components (+5V, +3.3V) In this season we intent to use the Hermes system to replace the custom developed PCB boards to speed-up the payload development and to improve our tracking and recovery. The system will not be used for deployment purposes this year (we will continue to rely on proven Perfectflite MAWD altimeters). -28- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Performance Targets that Apply to Vehicle The following performance targets apply to the vehicle. These have been taken into account: 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. Vehicle altitude Recovery electronics requirements Velocity limit (must remain subsonic) Launch vehicle reusability Dual deployment requirement Proper shielding of recovery system electronics Mandatory shear pins Separation of vehicle into no more than 4 parts, impact energy, drift Prep time requirements Launch readiness time Standard launch system requirement No external circuitry needed for launch Tracking requirements Certified solid propulsion requirement Motor total impulse limits Full scale launch requirement Prohibited items Safety checklist requirement Student work requirements All performance targets (1-22) are addressed in detail later in this document. -29- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Payload Experimental Overview We will be investigating passive vibration dampening systems that lessen normal rocket vibrations experienced by the rocket during its flight. Vibrations originating from the motor are transferred throughout the rocket and have the potential to negatively affect other systems within the rocket. A dampening system is necessary in order to avoid damage to sensitive payloads such as living organisms and fragile mechanical systems. Commercial rockets are especially susceptible to vibrations due to the fact that the motor makes up a large percent of the overall rocket volume. Concern was raised during the Ares project about the motor causing a level of vibration that would impair the crew so that they would be unable to read their instrument panels. Figure 8: Motor vibrations were one of the top concerns for engineers working on project Ares. A passive dampener was planned to mitigate the vibrations. (Illustrative picture obtained from http://www.space.com) Significant vibrations are known to occur in solid booster rockets because of a thrust oscillation phenomena. The gases generated by a core burning solid motor can swirl inside the motor and initiate resonance of the entire motor. The motor vibrations are then transferred to the entire rocket body. Our objective is multifold. We will measure the vibrations inside three payload capsules, each with a different passive dampening strategy (none, sacs of fluid, magnetic field). We will compare the measurements from inside the capsules with the measurements obtained directly on the rocket body (to learn how the vibrations travel). We will also compare two identical payload setups, each mounted in a differently size body tube (3" vs. 5.5"). -30- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Experimental Setup Our rocket will be propelled by a solid motor (CTI K590DT) and operated at two different acceleration levels: ~25g for 1s and then ~5g for 2s. Figure 9: Acceleration [g] vs. Time [s] graph. Two zones of interest are highlighted: red - high G zone and green - low G zone. We will use 3D accelerometers to measure vibrations directly on the outer rocket body and inside payload capsules. Three payload capsules will be utilized: compartment with no dampening, capsule dampened by a magnetic field and capsule dampened by surrounding sacs of fluid. The dampened compartments are depicted on the figure below. Figure 10: Dampened payload capsules. Left - capsule dampened by magnetic field, right: capsule dampened by sacs of fluid. Inside each capsule is a 3D accelerometer that will measure vibrations inside the capsule. Additionally, each capsule has a mounted screw with a nut to simulate a real payload. We expect that sufficient vibrations will make the nut turn and travel on the thread. -31- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW There is a 3D accelerometer inside each payload capsule to measure the vibration inside the payload capsule. Beside the accelerometer, each capsule also hosts a mounted screw with a nut. We expect that the vibrations may cause the nut to turn and travel on the screw thread. We have selected the "screw-and-nut" payload as a payload that is sensitive to repeated smaller vibrations but not so sensitive to the low-count shocks of deployment and landing. Figure below shows the complete experimental setup as placed inside the rocket. The above describe setup of three payload capsules (two with passive dampening system and one without) will be installed once in the wide portion of rocket body (body diameter 5.5") and once in the narrow portion (body diameter 3"). This will allow us to compare how the vibrations transfer in differently sized tubes. In addition to the accelerometers inside the payload capsules there will be accelerometers mounted on the outer rocket body. Outside accelerometers will provide baseline measurements of vibrations near the payload capsules. Figure 11: Integration of payload with vehicle. The experimental setup with three payload capsules (two passively dampened and one without any dampening) will be installed once in the wide portion of the rocket body and once in the narrow portion of the rocket body. -32- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Experimental Sequence The sequence of events during our experiments is shown on the figure below. The payload is activated at takeoff and the acceleration data in all three dimensions are recorded for the entire duration of flight. For the first second, the rocket flies with high thrust and experiences acceleration of ~25g. Then the motor downshifts to low thrust (acceleration ~5g) for about 2.5s. After the burnout, the rocket coasts to apogee and deploys drogue parachute. The main parachute is deployed after the rocket has descended to 700ft. The accelerometers record all vibrations and shocks of the flight. Figure 12: Experimental sequence. 1 - rockets takes off, G-switch activates the payload; 2 - rocket boosts under high thrust (acceleration ~25g for 1s); 3 - rocket boosts under low thrust (acceleration ~5g for 2.5s), rocket coasts to apogee; 4 rocket deploys drogue parachute at apogee; 5 - rocket deploys main parachute at 700ft -33- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Data Collection and Analysis 3D accelerometers will be used to record the vibrations and shocks. The accelerometers will be driven by a central processing unit and all data will be stored in a non-volatile memory. We estimate that we will be able to sample all accelerometers at 16bit resolution and ~1KHz and store all measured data. Figure 13: Data acquisition: G-switch senses rocket liftoff and activates the payload. The central processing unit reads data from all accelerometers and stores them in non-volatile on-board memory. Independent Variables V Td D Rocket velocity Diameter of the tube Vibration Dampening system Dependent Variables Y Vibrations (recorded by accelerometer) Correlations Y = f (V) Y = f (Td) Y = f (D) Vibrations in relation to rocket velocity Vibrations in relation to the diameter of the tube Vibrations in relation to the dampening system Universal Avionics Platform - System Hermes As mentioned in the Vehicle section of this document, our payload will be aided by the universal avionics platform, system Hermes. In our case, we will utilize the high speed multicore processor of the system to collect data from the accelerometers and the system memory to store the data (the central processing unit will write the data). System Hermes has only 96KB of built-in memory, however an extension board with 32MB of non-volatile FLASH memory is already available for the system. We will need about 2.4MB of memory to store all accelerometer data during 100s flight. -34- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Hypotheses We make the following hypotheses: 1) We expect that the vibrations will dampened by either of the passive dampening systems. 2) We expect that the larger rocket body will dampen/absorb vibrations more than the smaller diameter body. 3) We expect that there will be significant differences between vibrations measured on the outer rocket body and the vibrations inside the payload capsules. 4) We expect to observe short period of resonance of the body tube at certain point of the flight Post Flight Procedure After a successful flight and rocket/payload recovery, we will download the data recorded by the accelerometers to a computer. The data will be analyzed as described in Data Analysis Section and the final report (PLAR) will be compiled and submitted to NASA. -35- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Performance Targets The performance targets for the reusable launch vehicle and payload are as follows: 1. The launch vehicle shall carry a science or engineering payload of the team’s discretion. The rocket carries a scientific payload to investigate the effects of forces caused by rocket flight on two different vibration dampening systems. The payload consists of two parts, each containing three modules: the control, a magnetic suspension system, and a non-Newtonian liquid dampening system. Through the use of accelerometers, we will investigate effectiveness of passive vibration dampening systems. Figure 14: Overall payload schematics. 2. The launch vehicle shall deliver the science or engineering payload to, but not exceeding, an altitude of 5,280 feet above ground level (AGL). The rocket must deliver the payload closest to but not exceeding 5,280ft above ground level (simulations show that our rocket will comfortably reach 5,280ft using CTI K590DT motor). Predicted apogee is 5,311ft. The rocket will be ballasted as necessary to remain under 5,280ft. Figure 15: Altitude vs. Time graph -36- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW 3. The recovery system electronics shall have the following characteristics: a. Redundant altimeters. b. Each altimeter shall be armed by a dedicated arming switch c. Each arming switch shall be accessible from the exterior of the rocket airframe. d. Each arming switch shall be capable of being locked in the on position for launch. e. The recovery system shall be designed to be armed on the pad. f. The recovery system electronics shall be completely independent of the payload electronics. g. Each altimeter shall have a dedicated battery. h. Each arming switch shall be a maximum of six feet above the base of the launch vehicle. Our recovery system will have redundant altimeters, each of which will have a dedicated arming switch and battery. All arming switches will be accessible from the exterior of the rocket airframe and no higher than 6ft from the base of the launch vehicle. Each arming switch will be capable of being locked in the on position for launch. The recovery system will be able to be armed on the pad. The recovery system electronics will be completely independent of the payload electronics. All the requirements of this performance target are within the standard operating procedures and general design rules used in all Madison West Rocketry projects. 4. The launch vehicle and science or engineering payload shall remain subsonic from launch until landing. The launch vehicle and payload will remain subsonic from launch until landing. As shown in the following graph, the predicted maximum velocity for the rocket is approximately 560mph, well below Mach 1. Figure 16: Velocity vs. Time graph -37- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW 5. The launch vehicle and science or engineering payload shall be designed to be recoverable and reusable. Reusable is defined as being able to be launched again on the same day without repairs or modifications. The launch vehicle and payload are designed to be recoverable and reusable. The vehicle can be launched again on the same day without repairs. 6. The launch vehicle shall stage the deployment of its recovery devices, where a drogue parachute is deployed at apogee and a main parachute is deployed at a much lower altitude. Tumble recovery from apogee to main parachute deployment is permissible, provided that the kinetic energy is reasonable. The vehicle will separate at apogee to deploy a drogue parachute, and deploy a main parachute at an altitude of 700ft. The vehicle will utilize the standard dual deployment scheme to minimize drift and will recover the vehicle in one piece (three tethered sections). Figure 17: Mission profile chart. 7. The recovery system electronics shall be shielded from all on-board transmitting devices, to avoid inadvertent excitation of the recovery system by the transmitting device(s). The recovery system electronics are shielded from all on-board transmitting devices avoiding inadvertent excitation of the recovery system by the transmitting device(s). Deployment electronics is housed in a separate e-bay, completely isolated from payload electronics. 8. Removable shear pins shall be used for both the main parachute compartment and the drogue parachute compartment. Removable shearing pins are used for both the main parachute compartment and the drogue parachute compartment. The number and size of shear pins will be determined during static and flight testing. -38- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW 9. The launch vehicle shall have a maximum of four (4) independent or tethered sections. a. At landing, each independent or tethered sections of the launch vehicles shall have a maximum kinetic energy of 75 ft-lbf. b. All independent or tethered sections of the launch vehicle shall be designed to recover with 2,500 feet of the launch pad, assuming a 15 mph wind. The launch vehicle will have a kinetic energy of less than 75 ft-lbf at landing. The vehicle will not drift beyond 2,500ft of the launch pad, assuming a wind of 15mph or less. According to our current calculations, the landing kinetic energy of the entire vehicle is 68.5ft-lbf and under 15mph wind the rocket lands 2,222ft from the launch pad. The rocket separates into three (3) tethered sections. Wind Speed [mph] Drift [ft] 0 5 10 15 20 Drift [mi] 0 740 1481 2222 2963 0 0.14 0.28 0.42 0.56 Table 13: Estimated drift distance 10. The launch vehicle shall be capable of being prepared for flight at the launch site within 2 hours, from the time the waiver opens. The vehicle will not take more than 2 hours to prepare for the flight. The payload is modular and well encapsulated and will be ready for insertion into the rocket upon team's arrival to the launch site. The recovery system is a standard dual deployment arrangement with estimated prep time of no more than 1 hour. 11. The launch vehicle shall be capable of remaining in launch-ready configuration at the pad for a minimum of 1 hour without losing the functionality of any on-board component. The payload itself is not time sensitive. The payload has the liftoff detection capability and the electronics will remain in shallow sleep until the liftoff, thus minimizing data storage and power supply draws. We estimate that both the payload and recovery electronics will have minimum 12 hours of waiting time. 12. The launch vehicle shall be launched from a standard firing system (provided by the Range) using a standard 10-second countdown. After the rocket is prepared for launch, only the standard 10 second countdown is required prior to ignition. -39- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW 13. The launch vehicle shall require no external circuitry or special ground support equipment to initiate the launch (other than what is provided by the Range). The payload has liftoff detection capability and will wake-up from shallow-sleep mode when the liftoff is detected. Both the vehicle and the payload are fully autonomous after arming and can be launch using the standard launch equipment. 14. Data from the science or engineering payload shall be collected, analyzed, and reported by the team following the scientific method. Data from the payload will be collected, analyzed, and reported by the team following the scientific method. We will analyze the variables according to the correlation explained under technical design. 15. An electronic tracking device shall be installed in each independent section of the launch vehicle and shall transmit the position of that independent section to a ground receiver. Audible beepers may be used in conjunction with an electronic, transmitting device, but shall not replace the transmitting tracking device. We will have a GPS tracker and a radio beacon on the vehicle. Additionally, we will use the 140dB sonic beacons. The onboard GPS receiver will receive the GPS satellite data. The GPS receiver transfers the data over a serial link to the flight computer that will instruct a 900MHz XBee transceiver (6 mile range) to transmit the data. Another 900MHz XBee transceiver will be located on the ground, and will receive the GPS data broadcasted by the rocket. The GPS location will then be entered into a handheld GPS device. The handheld GPS will guide the recovery team to the landing site of the rocket. 16. The launch vehicle shall use a commercially available solid motor propulsion system using ammonium perchlorate composite propellant (APCP) which is approved and certified by the National Association of Rocketry (NAR), Tripoli Rocketry Association (TRA) and/or the Canadian Association of Rocketry (CAR). The CTI-K590DT motor contains solid ammonium perchlorate based propellant and is certified. The motor is not a 'sparky'. 17. The total impulse provided by the launch shall not exceed 2,560 Newtonseconds (K-class). This total impulse constraint is applicable to any combination of one or more motors. The total impulse of the vehicle is less than 2560 Ns. Our primary motor choice is CTIK590DT with 2,415Ns total impulse. 18. All teams shall successfully launch and recover their full scale rocket prior to FRR in its final flight configuration. a. The purpose of the full scale demonstration flight is to demonstrate the launch vehicle’s stability, structural integrity, recovery systems, and the team’s ability to prepare the launch vehicle for flight. b. The vehicle and recovery system shall have functioned as designed. c. The payload does not have to be flown during the full-scale test flight. -40- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW If the payload is not flown, mass simulators shall be used to simulate the payload mass. If the payload changes the external surfaces of the launch vehicle (such as with camera housings and/or external probes), those devices must be flown during the full scale demonstration flight. d. The full scale motor does not have to be flown during the full scale test flight. However, it is recommended that the full scale motor be used to demonstrate full flight readiness and altitude verification. e. The success of the full scale demonstration flight shall be documented on the flight certification form, by a level 2 NAR/TRA observer. f. After successfully completing the full-scale demonstration flight, the launch vehicle or any of its components shall not be modified without the concurrence of the NASA Range Safety Officer. We will successfully launch our full scale rocket prior to FRR in its full flight configuration. The vehicle and recovery system will function as designed. If we do not fly the payload during the full-scale test flight, mass simulators will be used to simulate missing payload mass. Any external surface changing devices (if any) will be flown during the full-scale test flight. Shall the launch be successful, the launch vehicle or any of its components will not be modified without the concurrence of the NASA Range Safety officer. 19. The following items are prohibited from use in launch vehicle: a. Flashbulbs. The recovery system must use commercially available lowcurrent electric matches. b. Forward canards. c. Forward firing motors. d. Rear ejection parachute designs. e. Motors which expel titanium sponges (Sparky, Skidmark, MetalStorm, etc.) The rocket does not contain any flashbulbs nor does it have forward canards, forward firing motors, rear ejection parachute design, and we will not launch on a motor that expels a titanium sponge. Our motor choice is CTI-K590DT motor. 20. Each team shall use a launch and safety checklist. The final checklist shall be included in the FRR report and used during the flight hardware and safety inspection and launch day. The team will follow a launch and safety checklist, which will be included in the FRR report and used during the flight hardware, safety inspection, and launch day. The checklist will be developed and tested as the project progresses. -41- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW 21. Students on the team shall do 100% of the work on the project, including design, construction, written reports, presentations, and flight preparation with the exception of assembling the motors and handling black powder charges. We will do 100% of the work on the project, including design, construction, written reports, presentations, and the flight preparation. Mentors have only advisory and supervisory roles in the project. 22. The rocketry mentor supporting the team shall have been certified by NAR or TRA for the motor impulse of the launch vehicle, and the rocketeer shall have flown and successfully recovered(using electronic, staged recovery) a minimum of 15 flights in this or a higher impulse class, prior to PDR. The rocketry mentor supporting our team has been certified by NAR for the motor impulse of the rocket, and has flown and successfully recovered (using electronic, staged recovery) more than 15 flights in this impulse class and some flights in impulse class three. Our mentor is Mr. Brent Lillesand. Major Challenges and Solutions Major Vehicle Challenges 1. Shoulder section alignment: The rocket has a transition from 5.5" booster/lower-payload section to 3" upper-payload/recovery section. An utmost precision during construction is necessary to prevent misalignment of the body tubes. We will user laser beams to align the tubes and dry fit entire assembly before applying the epoxy glue. Post-assembly measurement will be used to prove the success. 2. Top of impulse class rocket: According to our current simulation results, we will need a full K-class motor to deliver the rocket to altitude of 1 mile. We will need to construct the rocket with weight restriction in mind as there is no significant allowance for weight increase. 3. Small parachute compartments: to keep the weight of the rocket as low as possible, all recovery is housed in the top 3" section. We will need to use lighter parachutes that pack well and build the parachute compartments light, yet sturdy enough to withstand the loads. We already posses thin fabric parachutes and they were successfully used in our previous projects. 4. High acceleration: at liftoff, our rocket will experience 35g initial shock, followed by 25g acceleration sustained for 1s and followed by a sharp thrust drop to 5g acceleration. All these events will test the robustness of our rocket especially considering the fact that the rocket needs to be built light. We will utilized composite materials and local reinforcement during construction and will test the full scale vehicle with the full scale motor before the SLI launch in Alabama. -42- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Major Payload Challenges and Solutions 1. High data rate: our payload will be collecting data at ~1kHz rate with estimated bandwidth of 192kBaud. A fast central processing unit will be needed and the firmware will be written in assembly language. 2. Large number of sensors: our payload will require at least twelve (12) 3D accelerometers and this will result in extensive wiring inside the rocket where the space is limited. We will need to carefully plan where the wiring will be placed. 3. Liftoff detection: we will use G-switches to detect the rocket liftoff and to activate the payload. The G-switches will be finely tuned and only activated after the rocket is in launch position. The wireless link with the rocket will maintained so the rocket can report the payload activation. The inadvertent payload activation will only require payload reset, which can be executed remotely via wireless link. -43- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Educational Engagement Community Support After eight years of the club’s existence, we are well known at various departments of the UW and many researchers are eager to work with us. During our seven years of participation in SLI we have met with a number of people from various departments within the University of Wisconsin-Madison, including Professor McCammon from the department of Physics, Professor Eloranta from the department of Atmospheric Sciences, Professor Pawley from the department of Zoology, and Professors Anderson and Bonazza from the department of Mechanical Engineering. Last year we have added Prof. Fernandez and Prof. Gilroy from the department of Botany, and Prof. Masson from the department of genetics.These contacts have been incredibly helpful in designing and refining our original experimental ideas and creating an experiment that will return meaningful data. We have finally achieved official affiliation with UW Madison and our research meetings are now held in Chamberlin Hall, Dept. of Physics. Every year we raise funds by raking leaves during autumn in local neighborhoods. We find this is an excellent way to earn the support of the community and increase our visibility. The club also provides a steady stream of volunteers for public television and public radio fundraising drives. While this is not a direct display of our work or interests, it gives us the opportunity to provide public service in the name of our club. In 2009 many club members gave back to the community by helping build a fence in the local soccer park where we also happen to launch our TARC practice flights in the winter. We are currently discussing other soccer park improvements with their management. -44- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Outreach Programs Last year we participated in many educational engagement opportunities, such as helping sizeable groups of young children at the local middle schools to build and fly Alka-Seltzer powered rockets. We launched about 300 rockets for an audience of about 150 kids during this program, as well as displaying some of our TARC, SLI and R4S rockets. We will also be participating in our annual “Raking for Rockets” program, where we rake community lawns in order to simultaneously bring about an increased awareness in rocketry, and raise the funds necessary for our TARC and SLI programs. Besides these programs, we also recruited new members for our club at Madison West High School (our current membership is above 50 students mark) in a number of recruitment events which included the daily announcements, organized recruitment events , and posters throughout the school advertizing the location and time of the first informational meeting. The new members will participate in TARC, along with a few returning members from our SLI teams. TARC club meetings have already started for this school year, with interested new members learning about the basics of rocket design, building, and operation. The table below show the outreach programs that plan for this year. The programs target primarily elementary and middle schools. We will most likely add several events to this program as the year progresses (we have became well known for our outreach activities and we are already receiving requests from schools and organization that we have never worked with before). Date School Outreach Sept. 23, 2011 Randall Elementary Dec. 10, 2011 Eagle Elementary Jan 14, 2012 Lincoln Elementary Feb. 11, 2012 O’Keefe Middle School Mar. 11, 2012 Randall Elementary Apr. 14, 2012 Lincoln Elementary School Homecoming Parade Alka-Seltzer Rockets Alka-Seltzer Rockets Super Science Saturday (AlkaSeltzer Rockets) Super Science Saturday (Alka-Seltzer Rockets) Pneumatic Rockets -45- # of People (estimate) 100 50 50 50 100 50 Total: 450 Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Table 14: Planned outreach events. We are noticing a steady increase of club members graduating into engineering colleges, most notably: Marina Parra (SLI-2009): Carnegie Mellon, intends majoring in aerospace engineering Benjamin Winokur (SLI-2008, 2009, 2010): University of St. Louis, aerospace major Rose Wang: (SLI-2008, 2009, 2010): Cornell University, working in the Nanosat program Thomas Ostby: University of Alabama, aerospace major John Schoech (SLI-2008, SLI-2009, SLI-2010): Stanford University, California Tenzin Sonam (SLI-2008, SLI-2009, SLI-2010): Stanford University, California David Aeschlimann (SLI2009, SLI2010): Stanford University, California Nhien Tran (SLI2011): Stanford University, California Enrique Olivas (SLI2010, SLI2011): University of Southern California Jacob Ediger: (SLI2010, SLI2011): Purdue University -46- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Project Plan Schedule 17 21 28 4 28 5-14 15 16 24-31 7 14/15 22 23 1-10 22 28/29 24/25 26 2-11 15 18 19-20 21 22 28/29 7 October 2011 Schools Notified of Selection SLI team teleconference (tentative) Preliminary Design Review (PDR) work begins November 2011 Web presence established for each team Preliminary Design Review (PDR) report and PDR presentation slides posted on the team website by 8:00 a.m. Central Time December 2011 Preliminary Design Review Presentations (tentative) Acquire parts and supplies for scale model Begin work on scale model Winter Break January 2012 Scale model completed Scale model test flight, acquire parts for full scale Begin work on full scale Critical Design Review (CDR) reports and CDR presentation slides posted on the team website by 8:00 a.m. Central Time February 2012 Critical Design Review Presentations (tentative) Full scale vehicle completed Full scale test flight #1 – stress test March 2012 Full scale test flight #2 with payload Flight Readiness Review (FRR) reports and FRR presentation slides posted on the team website by 8:00 a.m. Central Time April 2012 Flight Readiness Review Presentations (tentative) Rocket ready for launch in Huntsville Travel to Huntsville Flight Hardware and Safety Checks (tentative) Launch day, full scale flight #3 Return Home Full scale flight #4 (tentative) May 2012 Post-Launch Assessment Review (PLAR) posted on the team website by 8:00 a.m. Central Time Table 15: Timeline of SLI 2011 -47- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Budget Vehicle Tubing, nosecone, bulkheads Fin Material (G10 Fiberglass) PerfectFlite MAWD Altimeter (x2) Parachutes, recovery gear* Walston Beacon Miscellaneous supplies (tools, glues, batteries, wires) $ $ $ $ $ 300.00 150.00 200.00 150.00 $ 300.00 Scale Model Paper Tubing Fin Material (G10 Fiberglass) $ $ 100.00 50.00 Motors Scale Model Motors Preliminary Flight Motors $ $ 100.00 250.00 $ 336.00 $ $ 350.00 20.00 $ 250.00 Payload 3D Accelerometers x 12 Payload controller + Hermes System G sensor x 2 Minor parts, materials, supplies, wires Total $ 2,556.00 Table 16 : Budget for 2009-10 SLI Program (* - already in possession) Flight $400/Person * 9 People $ 3,600.00 Rooms $119/Room * 5 Rooms * 5 Nights $ 2,975.00 Car Rental (Ground Support Vehicle) $500 rental+ $400 gas $ 900.00 Total $ 7,475.00 Cost per Team Member $ 1,067.86 Table 17: Budget for the travel to Huntsville, AL Madison West Rocket Club has sufficient money earning opportunities to cover for possible discrepancies between the estimated budget and actual project expenses. Additionally, it is our policy to provide necessary economic help to all SLI students who cannot afford the travel expenses associated with the program. Every year we award several full expense travel scholarships both to our SLI and TARC students. The monetary amounts and the names of recipients are not disclosed. -48- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Educational Standards A) Wisconsin’s Model Academic Standards English/Language Arts Reading and Literature A.12.4 Students will read to acquire information • Analyze and synthesize the concepts and details encountered in informational texts such as reports, technical manuals, historical papers, and government documents • Draw on and integrate information from multiple sources when acquiring knowledge and developing a position on a topic of interest Writing B.12.1 Create or produce writing to communicate with different audiences for a variety of purposes • Prepare and publish technical writing such as memos, applications, letters, reports and resumes for various audiences, attending to details of layout and format as appropriate to purpose B.12.2 Plan, revise, edit and publish clear and effective writing. Oral Language C.12.1 Prepare and deliver formal oral presentations appropriate to specific purposes and audiences Language D.12.1 Develop their vocabulary and ability to use words, phrases, idioms, and various grammatical structures as a means of improving communication Media and Technology E.04.3 Create products appropriate to audience and purpose • Write news articles appropriate for familiar media E.12.1 Use computers to acquire, organize, analyze, and communicate information Research and Inquiry F.12.1 Conduct research and inquiry on self-selected or assigned topics, issues, or problems and use an appropriate form to communicate their findings. • Formulate questions addressing issues or problems that can be answered through a well defined and focused investigation • Use research tools found in school and college libraries, take notes collect and classify sources, and develop strategies for finding and recording information • Conduct interviews, taking notes or recording and transcribing oral information, then summarizing the results • Develop research strategies appropriate to the investigation, considering methods such as questionnaires, experiments and field studies • Organize research materials and data, maintaining a note-taking system that includes summary, paraphrase, and quoted material • Evaluate the usefulness and credibility of data and sources by applying tests of evidence including bias, position, expertise, adequacy, validity, reliability, and date -49- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW • Analyze, synthesize, and integrate data, drafting a reasoned report that supports and appropriately illustrates inferences and conclusions drawn from research • Present findings in oral and written reports, correctly citing sources Mathematics Mathematical Processes A.12.4 Develop effective oral and written presentations employing correct mathematical terminology, notation, symbols, and conventions for mathematical arguments and display of data A.12.5 Organize work and present mathematical procedures and results clearly, systematically, succinctly, and correctly Number Operations and Relationships B.12.6 Routinely assess the acceptable limits of error when • evaluating strategies • testing the reasonableness of results • using technology to carry out computations Geometry C.12.1 Identify, describe, and analyze properties of figures, relationships among figures, and relationships among their parts by constructing physical models C.12.2 Use geometric models to solve mathematical and real-world problems C.12.5 Identify and demonstrate an understanding of the three ratios used in right triangle trigonometry Measurement D.12.1 Identify, describe, and use derived attributes (e.g., density, speed acceleration, pressure) to represent and solve problem situations D.12.2 Select and use tools with appropriate degree of precision to determine measurements directly within specifies degrees of accuracy and error Statistics and Probability E.12.1 Work with data in the context of real-world situations by • Formulating hypotheses that lead to collection and analysis of one and two variable data • Designing a data collection plan that considers random sampling, control groups, the role of assumptions, etc. • Conducting an investigation based on that plan • Using technology to generate displays, summary statistics, and presentations Algebraic Relationships F.12.2 Use mathematical functions (e.g., linear, exponential, quadratic, power) in a variety of ways, including • using appropriate technology to interpret properties of their graphical representations (e.g., intercepts, slopes, rates of change, changes in rates of change, maximum, minimum) F.12.4 Model and solve a variety of mathematical and real-world problems by using algebraic expressions, equations, and inequalities -50- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Science Science Connections A.12.3 Give examples that show how partial systems, models and explanations are used to give quick and reasonable solutions that are accurate enough for basic needs A.12.5 Show how the ideas and themes of science can be used to make real-life decisions about careers, work places, life-styles, and use of resources Science Inquiry C.12.2 Identify issues from an area of science study, write questions that could by investigated, review previous research on these questions, and design and conduct responsible and safe investigations to help answer the questions C.12.6 Present the results of investigations to groups concerned with the issues, explaining the meaning and implications of the results, and answering questions in terms the audience can understand Motions and Forces D.12.7 Qualitatively and quantitatively analyze changes in the motion of objects and the forces that act on them and represent analytical data both algebraically and graphically Science Applications G.12.1 Identify personal interests in science and technology, implications that these interests might have for future education, and decisions to be considered G.12.2 Design, build, evaluate, and revise models and explanations related to the earth and space, life and environmental, and physical sciences B) National Science Education Standards Science and Technology (9-12) Content Standard E Students should develop • Abilities of technological design • Understanding about science and technology Science as Inquiry (9-12) Content Standard A Students should develop • Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry • Understandings about scientific inquiry -51- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Second Year Project The proposed experiment and vehicle are novel within our club and he have never undertook a project in this particular field (vehicle vibrations) before. Returning students who have participated in SLI2011 program were investigating the effects of gravitational forces and flight stresses on the behavior of a slimemold colony. Sustainability The rocketry program at Madison West High School is now in its ninth year, and it provides a strong, compelling incentive for students to research unique science concepts and enhance their problem-solving skills. Incoming students are enrolled in the TARC program, where they attend classroom sessions taught by the mentors in order to learn the basic rocketry knowledge and methodologies essential to the contest. Rockets for Schools is the latest rocketry contest that our club has entered. For it, students are given a high-power rocket kit and asked to design a scientific payload to be flown from Sheboygan, WI over Lake Michigan. Not only does this project offer good training for the process of obtaining an SLI grant, it also gives an additional activity option to first-year club members: while they are not allowed to participate in SLI, our highest-level project, they may participate in the R4S competition. We have modeled our R4S program after the SLI program, placing emphasis on the scientific project and development process. All R4S students are encouraged to seek L1 HPR certification as a part of the R4S program. Our first two R4S teams (2010, 2011) consisted of all firstyear members, and their high scores won additional SLI invitations for the club this for 2011 and 2012 seasons. This year we have continued our summer HPR L1/L2 Certifications program. Two of our alumni, John Schoech and Alissa Chen, attained L2 Certification in addition to a number of L1 certifications obtained by younger club members. This highly successful summer L1 program (outside school year) was invented, coordinated and administered by the SLI-2008, SLI-2009 and SLI-2010 participant, Ms. Zoë Batson. Zoë also worked yearlong as a junior mentor in our club, assisting members with their projects and she has participated in SLI Advanced Rocketry Workshop in New Mexico. We expect her to continue her involvement with our club. Madison West Rocketry actively recruits new members in the fall season: the Freshman Club Carnival, West Fest, Homecoming parade, and daily announcements, all showcase our club’s achievements, appealing to interested individuals. We collaborate extensively with experts at the University of Wisconsin (UW). During our meetings we are able to have analytical discussions with professionals regarding the feasibility and limitations of various potential experimental payloads. We have -52- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW developed such relationships with eight different departments; this variety provides us with experiences perspectives on our design and objectives. We now have five committed mentors who aid our group throughout all the stages of our well-established rocketry program. They patiently teach us and guide us in the planning, processing, writing, building, organization, and launching of our project. Our mentors dedicate much time and effort throughout the year- we greatly value their compassion and support. An increasing number of parents are taking interest in supporting our club’s meetings, fundraisers, outreach projects, and launches. They provide us with food and transportation during the cold winter events and launches, and are a great source of encouragement. Additionally, we are seeing an increase in students interested in taking on mentoring roles and work with younger club members. Ms. Zoë Batson (alumni, SLI2008, 2009 and 2010 participant) and Mr. Zuodian Hu (junior student, SLI2011 participant) accompanied our R4S team on their to Sheboygan to provide leadership and assistance as needed. Student mentors in our club enjoy position of authority and respect and their hard work allows senior educators to concentrate on further program developments. -53- Madison West High School Returning Team -54- SLI 2012 SOW Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Appendices Appendix A: Resume for Arik 3302 Tally Ho Lane Madison, WI 53705 vanastena@westrocketry.com Academic Experience Madison Central Montessori (2001-2004) EAGLE School of Madison (2005-2006) Velma Hamilton Middle School (2007-2008) Madison West High School (class of ’13) Languages: English, French (6 years) Achievements: Velma Hamilton Middle School Honor Roll (2007) Team America Rocketry Challenge Finals (2010) SLI Team Slime mold (2011) Science Olympiad State Finals (2007) Extracurricular and Clubs Music Madison West Pep Band (2009) Madison West Freshman Band (2009) Madison West Concert Band (2010- Current) Rocketry West High Rocket Club (2009) TARC Finals 2010 SLI 2011 Other Boy Scouts (BSA) Backpacked in Philmont, Rocky Mountains, and Isle Royale Participated in Brownsea Sailed the Apostle Islands Assistant to Brain Joiner (helping to improve green technologies and healthcare in Madison) Aiding in meetings and gathering ideas Volunteer Work: Brat Fest (2007-2011) Community Service with the Order of the Arrow (BSA) -55- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Community Service with Madison West Rocket Club Interestests: Science, Engineering, Technology, Math, Outdoors, Camping, Aerospace technologies/ engineering -56- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Appendix B: Resume for Cindy 1316 Dewberry Dr. Madison, WI 53719 ccai@westrocketry.com Academic Experience Rock Prairie Elementary School (2000-2003) Van Hise Elementary School (2004-2006) Velma Hamilton Middle School (2007-2008) Madison West High School (2009-Present) Languages: English, Chinese, Spanish (5 years), French (4 years) Extracurricular Activities and Clubs Madison West Rocket Club Madison West Student Council Madison West Key Club Madison West Forensics (Public Speaking and Debate) Madison West Mock Trial Madison West Girls Tennis Peer Tutoring Achievements Debate WI Debate Coaches Assoc. State Debate Tournament: Octo-Finalist (2010) Waukesha South Debate Tournament (2010): Top Speaker Public Forum at West Bend Debate Tournament (2010): 2nd Place Forensics National Forensics League Qualifiers: Finalist Wisconsin State Forensics Tournament: Semi-Finalist UW-Whitewater - Public Address (2011): 1st Place UW-Whitewater - Duo Interpretation (2010): 1st Place Degree of Distinction by the National Forensics League Music National Youth Chopin Piano Competition :1st Place Junior Division (2009) :2nd Place Senior Division (2010) Wisconsin Symphony Youth Orchestra member Benefit Concert for Heartland Farms: Recitalist Rocketry Team America Rocketry Competition -57- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Rockets for Schools: 2nd place Other All-City Tennis Conference Tournament 2009: 1st place 2010: 1st place Mock Trial District Tournament: 5th Place Volunteering Coach at Greater Madison Tennis Assoc. ‘Rising Stars’ (2009 to present) Rocketry Outreach (2010 to present) Key Club (Kiwanis International), Project Committee Chair (2009-2010) National Federation of Music Clubs (2009 to present) West High School Peer Tutor Interests: Foreign Languages, Chemistry, 19th Century Western Music -58- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Appendix C: Resume for Colin 2427 Fox Avenue Madison, WI 53711 ckeating@westrocketry.com Academic Experience The Lane School (2000-2001) Flynn Park Elementary School (2001-2006) Velma Hamilton Middle School (2006-2009) Madison West High School (2009-present) Languages: English, French (5th Year) Extracurricular Activities and Clubs Madison West School Student Council Student Support Foundation (SSF) Peer Tutoring Rocketry Madison West Rocket Club (2010-present) 2011 Team America Rocketry Challenge Finalist Rockets For Schools: 2nd Place Sports Madison West Boys Baseball Madison West Boys Tennis Madison West Boys Soccer MadNorSki Cross Country Ski Team Music Piano (2001-2004) French Horn (2006-2009) Guitar (2006-present) Achievements Honor Roll (2006-Present) Organized MSCR Volleyball Team West Madison Little League All-Star Team Hamilton Pride Award Volunteering West High Peer Tutoring Program Member of Student Conservation Association National Crew- 168 Hours of trail service -59- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Interests Baseball, Soccer, Photography, Skiing, Music, Reading, Conservation -60- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Appendix D: Resume for Zuodian huz@westrocketry.com Education Hubei Agricultural Research Facility Zidi Elementary (2000-March 2004) Northeast Elementary, Ithaca, NY (March-July 2004) Ross Elementary, Pittsburgh, PA (July 2004-2006) Velma Hamilton Middle School (2006-2009) Madison West High School (2009-Present) Rocketry West High Rocket Club (2010-Present) 2. TARC National Finalist (2010) 3. Rockets For School 3rd Place (2010) 4. SLI (2011) Music Piano (2000-Present) Violin (1998-Present) ● Wisconsin Youth Symphony Orchestra ○ Concert Orchestra (2007-2009) ○ Philharmonia Orchestra (2009-2011) ○ Youth Orchestra (2011-present) ● WMTA (Wisconsin Music Teachers Association) Badger State Competition ○ 2nd Place (2011) ○ Honorable Mention (2010) ● National Federation of Music Clubs ○ Solo “Superior Rating” (2010) Athletics Soccer (2004-2010) Tennis (2010-present) Other ● MATC Middle School Math Competition 1st Place Team (2008) ● Madison Area Math League ○ JV Team First Place (2010) ○ Varsity Individual 5th Place (2011) ○ Varsity Team 3rd Place (2011) ● MathCOUNTS Regional 10th Place Individual (2008) ● Science Olympiad ○ Event 3rd Place, 1 event (2010) ○ Event 4th Place, 2 events (2010) ● Pencil Sketching Volunteer Experience ● Madison West High Student Tutor (2010-2011) ● Madison Public Library, Sequoya Branch (2011-present) ● Wisconsin Public Television Phone Bank Operator (2011) ● Picnic Point Nature Preservation (2011) -61- Madison West High School Returning Team Leadership ● Rockets For Schools Student Mentor (2010-2011) -62- SLI 2012 SOW Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Appendix E: Resume for Richard rzhou@westrocketry.com Education Shorewood Hills Elementary School (2000-2006) Velma Hamilton Middle School (2006-2009) Madison West High School (2009-Present) Rocketry West High Rocket Club (2011-Present) TARC National Finalist (2011) Rockets For School 2nd Place (2011) Music Piano (1998-Present) National Federation of Music Clubs o Solo “Superior Rating” (2001-2011) o Duet “Superior Rating”(2004, 2006, 2007) National Piano Playing Auditions – National Member (2003, 2004) MAPTA Young Composers Festival Level Two o 2nd Place (2004) MAPTA (Madison Area Piano Teachers Associated) Honors Recital (20062011) Sonatina Festival o Solo 1st Place (2003, 2004) o Duet 1st Place (2002, 2003) o Duet 2nd Place (2004) Chopin Youth Piano Competition Participant (2008, 2009) o 5th Place (2008) Alzheimer’s Association Benefit Recital (2011) WMTA (Wisconsin Music Teachers Association) Badger State Competition o 1st Place (2006, 2008, 2010, 2011) o Honorable Mention (2005, 2007, 2009) Violin (1998-Present) Wisconsin Youth Symphony Orchestra o Concert Orchestra (2005) o Philharmonia Orchestra (2006-2008) o Youth Orchestra (2009-Present) Alzheimer’s Association Benefit Recital (2011) Athletics Soccer (2000-2005) VASC/Magic U9 Tournament Champion (2004) -63- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW MAYSA U10 Cup Champion (2005) Hockey (1999-2007) Beaver Dam Tournament 1st Place (2003) Winona Area Youth Hockey Tournament 1st Place (2004) UW- Stevens Point Summer Hockey Camp(2005) Wisconsin Amateur Hockey Association State Hockey Tournament Participant (2003, 2005-2007) Badger State Games Participant (2007) Other MATC Middle School Math Competition 1st Place Team (2008) FPS (Future Problem Solver) State Competitor (2007) BadgerB.O.T.S. Robotics Summer Camp (2008) West High Science Olympiad Team (2010) Volunteer Experience Wisconsin Regional Art Program (2009) National Federation of Music Clubs (2010, 2011) Tzu Chi Foundation (2011) Alzheimer’s Association (2011) Madison Festivals (2011) -64- Madison West High School Returning Team Appendix F: Resume for Suzanne 2209 Hollister Ave 53726 Madison, WI hanles@westrocketry.com Education Franklin Elementary School Randall Elementary School Velma Hamilton Middle School Madison West High School- current sophomore Activities and Achievements Music Classical Guitar Lessons (2005-Present) Rocketry Rocket Club (2009-Present) TARC (2009-Present) SLI (2010-Present) NAR Junior Level 1 certified Other Peer Tutoring (10th grade- Present) Honor Roll (6th grade- Present) Battle of the Books participant (2007-2008) 3rd place in district-wide competition (2007) Future Problem Solvers (2005-2006) 3rd place in state-wide skit competition Cross Country (2009-Present) Volunteer Experience Monroe Street Library (2009-2010) Meriter Hospital (2010-Present) Honors Classes Algebra 1 Honors (7th grade) Geometry Honors (8th grade) Algebra 2 Trigonometry Honors (9th grade) Pre-calculus Honors (10th grade) Biology Honors (9th grade) English 10 Honors (10th grade) -65- SLI 2012 SOW Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Appendix G: Resume for Zoë 118 Richland Ln. Madison, WI 53705 havlenaz@westrocketry.com Education: Edgewood Campus School (2000- 2005) Edgewood Middle School (2005-2008) Madison West High School (class of ’13) Languages: English Japanese 4rd year Extracurricular and Clubs: NASA Student Launch Initiative Program 2011 TARC (Team America Rocketry Challenge) 2010 National Finalist R4S (Rockets for Schools) Competition 2010 3rd place winner NAR (National Association of Rocketry) Junior Level 1 certified SMART (Students Modeling A Research Topic) team (08-present) -Experimental Biology Conference 2010 poster presentation, Anaheim CA -American Crystallographic Association Meeting 2010 poster presentation, Chicago IL -Experimental Biology Conference 2011 poster presentation, Washington D.C. Science Olympiad Division C (09-10) Science Olympiad Division B (06-09) Women in Engineering at Michigan Tech (summer 2010) Edgewood Middle School High Honor Roll 6, 7, and 8th grade Presidential Scholar Award (09) Who’s Who recipient (06-07) (08-09) Young Shakespeare Players (YSP) 5+ productions Volunteer Experience: 80+ hours at Angel’s Wish Animal Adoption Center 6 weeks research assistance at a UW Madison Biochemistry Lab West High School Peer Tutor Rocket Club youth outreach West High School Honor Guard Assistance with Madison UW Arboretum summer youth education program Volunteer at UW Madison Hospital, department of surgery clinical trials program -66- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Appendix H: Model Rocket Safety Code 1. Materials. I will use only lightweight, non-metal parts for the nose, body, and fins of my rocket. 2. Motors. I will use only certified, commercially-made model rocket motors, and will not tamper with these motors or use them for any purposes except those recommended by the manufacturer. 3. Ignition System. I will launch my rockets with an electrical launch system and electrical motor igniters. My launch system will have a safety interlock in series with the launch switch, and will use a launch switch that returns to the "off" position when released. 4. Misfires. If my rocket does not launch when I press the button of my electrical launch system, I will remove the launcher's safety interlock or disconnect its battery, and will wait 60 seconds after the last launch attempt before allowing anyone to approach the rocket. 5. Launch Safety. I will use a countdown before launch, and will ensure that everyone is paying attention and is a safe distance of at least 15 feet away when I launch rockets with D motors or smaller, and 30 feet when I launch larger rockets. If I am uncertain about the safety or stability of an untested rocket, I will check the stability before flight and will fly it only after warning spectators and clearing them away to a safe distance. 6. Launcher. I will launch my rocket from a launch rod, tower, or rail that is pointed to within 30 degrees of the vertical to ensure that the rocket flies nearly straight up, and I will use a blast deflector to prevent the motor's exhaust from hitting the ground. To prevent accidental eye injury, I will place launchers so that the end of the launch rod is above eye level or will cap the end of the rod when it is not in use. 7. Size. My model rocket will not weigh more than 1,500 grams (53 ounces) at liftoff and will not contain more than 125 grams (4.4 ounces) of propellant or 320 N-sec (71.9 pound-seconds) of total impulse. If my model rocket weighs more than one pound (453 grams) at liftoff or has more than four ounces (113 grams) of propellant, I will check and comply with Federal Aviation Administration regulations before flying. 8. Flight Safety. I will not launch my rocket at targets, into clouds, or near airplanes, and will not put any flammable or explosive payload in my rocket. 9. Launch Site. I will launch my rocket outdoors, in an open area at least as large as shown in the accompanying table, and in safe weather conditions with wind speeds no greater than 20 miles per hour. I will ensure that there is no dry grass close to the launch pad, and that the launch site does not present risk of grass fires. 10. Recovery System. I will use a recovery system such as a streamer or parachute in my rocket so that it returns safely and undamaged and can be flown again, and I will use only flame-resistant or fireproof recovery system wadding in my rocket. -67- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW 11. Recovery Safety. I will not attempt to recover my rocket from power lines, tall trees, or other dangerous places. LAUNCH SITE DIMENSIONS Installed Total Impulse (N-sec) Equivalent Motor Type Minimum Site Dimensions (ft.) 0.00--1.25 1/4A, 1/2A 50 1.26--2.50 A 100 2.51--5.00 B 200 5.01--10.00 C 400 10.01--20.00 D 500 20.01--40.00 E 1,000 40.01--80.00 F 1,000 80.01--160.00 G 1,000 160.01--320.00 Two Gs 1,500 Table 18: Minimum launch site dimensions -68- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Appendix I: High Power Rocket Safety Code Certification. I will only fly high power rockets or possess high power rocket motors that are within the scope of my user certification and required licensing. 1. Materials. I will use only lightweight materials such as paper, wood, rubber, plastic, fiberglass, or when necessary ductile metal, for the construction of my rocket. 2. Motors. I will use only certified, commercially made rocket motors, and will not tamper with these motors or use them for any purposes except those recommended by the manufacturer. I will not allow smoking, open flames, nor heat sources within 25 feet of these motors. 3. Ignition System. I will launch my rockets with an electrical launch system, and with electrical motor igniters that are installed in the motor only after my rocket is at the launch pad or in a designated prepping area. My launch system will have a safety interlock that is in series with the launch switch that is not installed until my rocket is ready for launch, and will use a launch switch that returns to the "off" position when released. If my rocket has onboard ignition systems for motors or recovery devices, these will have safety interlocks that interrupt the current path until the rocket is at the launch pad. 4. Misfires. If my rocket does not launch when I press the button of my electrical launch system, I will remove the launcher's safety interlock or disconnect its battery, and will wait 60 seconds after the last launch attempt before allowing anyone to approach the rocket. 5. Launch Safety. I will use a 5-second countdown before launch. I will ensure that no person is closer to the launch pad than allowed by the accompanying Minimum Distance Table, and that a means is available to warn participants and spectators in the event of a problem. I will check the stability of my rocket before flight and will not fly it if it cannot be determined to be stable. 6. Launcher. I will launch my rocket from a stable device that provides rigid guidance until the rocket has attained a speed that ensures a stable flight, and that is pointed to within 20 degrees of vertical. If the wind speed exceeds 5 miles per hour I will use a launcher length that permits the rocket to attain a safe velocity before separation from the launcher. I will use a blast deflector to prevent the motor's exhaust from hitting the ground. I will ensure that dry grass is cleared around each launch pad in accordance with the accompanying Minimum Distance table, and will increase this distance by a factor of 1.5 if the rocket motor being launched uses titanium sponge in the propellant. 7. Size. My rocket will not contain any combination of motors that total more than 40,960 N-sec (9208 pound-seconds) of total impulse. My rocket will not weigh more at liftoff than one-third of the certified average thrust of the high power rocket motor(s) intended to be ignited at launch. 8. Flight Safety. I will not launch my rocket at targets, into clouds, near airplanes, nor on trajectories that take it directly over the heads of spectators or beyond the boundaries of the launch site, and will not put any flammable or explosive payload in my rocket. I will not launch my rockets if wind speeds exceed 20 miles -69- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW per hour. I will comply with Federal Aviation Administration airspace regulations when flying, and will ensure that my rocket will not exceed any applicable altitude limit in effect at that launch site. 9. Launch Site. I will launch my rocket outdoors, in an open area where trees, power lines, buildings, and persons not involved in the launch do not present a hazard, and that is at least as large on its smallest dimension as one-half of the maximum altitude to which rockets are allowed to be flown at that site or 1500 feet, whichever is greater. 10. Launcher Location. My launcher will be at least one half the minimum launch site dimension, or 1500 feet (whichever is greater) from any inhabited building, or from any public highway on which traffic flow exceeds 10 vehicles per hour, not including traffic flow related to the launch. It will also be no closer than the appropriate Minimum Personnel Distance from the accompanying table from any boundary of the launch site. 11. Recovery System. I will use a recovery system such as a parachute in my rocket so that all parts of my rocket return safely and undamaged and can be flown again, and I will use only flame-resistant or fireproof recovery system wadding in my rocket. 12. Recovery Safety. I will not attempt to recover my rocket from power lines, tall trees, or other dangerous places, fly it under conditions where it is likely to recover in spectator areas or outside the launch site, nor attempt to catch it as it approaches the ground. Installed Total Impulse (NewtonSeconds) 0 -- 320.00 320.01 -640.00 640.01 -1,280.00 1,280.01 -2,560.00 2,560.01 -5,120.00 5,120.01 -10,240.00 10,240.01 -20,480.00 20,480.01 -40,960.00 MINIMUM DISTANCE TABLE Equivalent Minimum Minimum High Power Diameter of Personnel Motor Type Cleared Area Distance (ft.) (ft.) H or smaller I 50 50 100 100 Minimum Personnel Distance (Complex Rocket) (ft.) 200 200 J 50 100 200 K 75 200 300 L 100 300 500 M 125 500 1000 N 125 1000 1500 O 125 1500 2000 Table 19: Minimum launch site dimensions -70- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Appendix J: Section 508 § 1194.21 Software applications and operating systems. (a) When software is designed to run on a system that has a keyboard, product functions shall be executable from a keyboard where the function itself or the result of performing a function can be discerned textually. (b) Applications shall not disrupt or disable activated features of other products that are identified as accessibility features, where those features are developed and documented according to industry standards. Applications also shall not disrupt or disable activated features of any operating system that are identified as accessibility features where the application programming interface for those accessibility features has been documented by the manufacturer of the operating system and is available to the product developer. (c) A well-defined on-screen indication of the current focus shall be provided that moves among interactive interface elements as the input focus changes. The focus shall be programmatically exposed so that assistive technology can track focus and focus changes. (d) Sufficient information about a user interface element including the identity, operation and state of the element shall be available to assistive technology. When an image represents a program element, the information conveyed by the image must also be available in text. (e) When bitmap images are used to identify controls, status indicators, or other programmatic elements, the meaning assigned to those images shall be consistent throughout an application's performance. (f) Textual information shall be provided through operating system functions for displaying text. The minimum information that shall be made available is text content, text input caret location, and text attributes. (g) Applications shall not override user selected contrast and color selections and other individual display attributes. (h) When animation is displayed, the information shall be displayable in at least one non-animated presentation mode at the option of the user. (i) Color coding shall not be used as the only means of conveying information, indicating an action, prompting a response, or distinguishing a visual element. (j) When a product permits a user to adjust color and contrast settings, a variety of color selections capable of producing a range of contrast levels shall be provided. -71- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW (k) Software shall not use flashing or blinking text, objects, or other elements having a flash or blink frequency greater than 2 Hz and lower than 55 Hz. (l) When electronic forms are used, the form shall allow people using assistive technology to access the information, field elements, and functionality required for completion and submission of the form, including all directions and cues. § 1194.22 Web-based intranet and internet information and applications. (a) A text equivalent for every non-text element shall be provided (e.g., via "alt", "longdesc", or in element content). (b) Equivalent alternatives for any multimedia presentation shall be synchronized with the presentation. (c) Web pages shall be designed so that all information conveyed with color is also available without color, for example from context or markup. (d) Documents shall be organized so they are readable without requiring an associated style sheet. (e) Redundant text links shall be provided for each active region of a server-side image map. (f) Client-side image maps shall be provided instead of server-side image maps except where the regions cannot be defined with an available geometric shape. (g) Row and column headers shall be identified for data tables. (h) Markup shall be used to associate data cells and header cells for data tables that have two or more logical levels of row or column headers. (i) Frames shall be titled with text that facilitates frame identification and navigation. (j) Pages shall be designed to avoid causing the screen to flicker with a frequency greater than 2 Hz and lower than 55 Hz. (k) A text-only page, with equivalent information or functionality, shall be provided to make a web site comply with the provisions of this part, when compliance cannot be accomplished in any other way. The content of the text-only page shall be updated whenever the primary page changes. (l) When pages utilize scripting languages to display content, or to create interface elements, the information provided by the script shall be identified with functional text that can be read by assistive technology. -72- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW (m) When a web page requires that an applet, plug-in or other application be present on the client system to interpret page content, the page must provide a link to a plug-in or applet that complies with §1194.21(a) through (l). (n) When electronic forms are designed to be completed on-line, the form shall allow people using assistive technology to access the information, field elements, and functionality required for completion and submission of the form, including all directions and cues. (o) A method shall be provided that permits users to skip repetitive navigation links. (p) When a timed response is required, the user shall be alerted and given sufficient time to indicate more time is required. Note to §1194.22: 1. The Board interprets paragraphs (a) through (k) of this section as consistent with the following priority 1 Checkpoints of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 (WCAG 1.0) (May 5, 1999) published by the Web Accessibility Initiative of the World Wide Web Consortium: Section 1194.22 Paragraph WCAG 1.0 Checkpoint (a) 1.1 (b) 1.4 (c) 2.1 (d) 6.1 (e) 1.2 (f) 9.1 (g) 5.1 (h) 5.2 (i) 12.1 (j) 7.1 (k) 11.4 Table 20: Checkpoint consistent with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2. Paragraphs (l), (m), (n), (o), and (p) of this section are different from WCAG 1.0. Web pages that conform to WCAG 1.0, level A (i.e., all priority 1 checkpoints) must also meet paragraphs (l), (m), (n), (o), and (p) of this section to comply with this section. WCAG 1.0 is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505. -73- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW § 1194.23 Telecommunications products. (a) Telecommunications products or systems which provide a function allowing voice communication and which do not themselves provide a TTY functionality shall provide a standard non-acoustic connection point for TTYs. Microphones shall be capable of being turned on and off to allow the user to intermix speech with TTY use. (b) Telecommunications products which include voice communication functionality shall support all commonly used cross-manufacturer non-proprietary standard TTY signal protocols. (c) Voice mail, auto-attendant, and interactive voice response telecommunications systems shall be usable by TTY users with their TTYs. (d) Voice mail, messaging, auto-attendant, and interactive voice response telecommunications systems that require a response from a user within a time interval, shall give an alert when the time interval is about to run out, and shall provide sufficient time for the user to indicate more time is required. (e) Where provided, caller identification and similar telecommunications functions shall also be available for users of TTYs, and for users who cannot see displays. (f) For transmitted voice signals, telecommunications products shall provide a gain adjustable up to a minimum of 20 dB. For incremental volume control, at least one intermediate step of 12 dB of gain shall be provided. (g) If the telecommunications product allows a user to adjust the receive volume, a function shall be provided to automatically reset the volume to the default level after every use. (h) Where a telecommunications product delivers output by an audio transducer which is normally held up to the ear, a means for effective magnetic wireless coupling to hearing technologies shall be provided. (i) Interference to hearing technologies (including hearing aids, cochlear implants, and assistive listening devices) shall be reduced to the lowest possible level that allows a user of hearing technologies to utilize the telecommunications product. (j) Products that transmit or conduct information or communication, shall pass through cross-manufacturer, non-proprietary, industry-standard codes, translation protocols, formats or other information necessary to provide the information or communication in a usable format. Technologies which use encoding, signal compression, format transformation, or similar techniques shall not remove information needed for access or shall restore it upon delivery. -74- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW (k) Products which have mechanically operated controls or keys, shall comply with the following: (1) Controls and keys shall be tactilely discernible without activating the controls or keys. (2) Controls and keys shall be operable with one hand and shall not require tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist. The force required to activate controls and keys shall be 5 lbs. (22.2 N) maximum. (3) If key repeat is supported, the delay before repeat shall be adjustable to at least 2 seconds. Key repeat rate shall be adjustable to 2 seconds per character. (4) The status of all locking or toggle controls or keys shall be visually discernible, and discernible either through touch or sound. § 1194.26 Desktop and portable computers. (a) All mechanically operated controls and keys shall comply with §1194.23 (k) (1) through (4). (b) If a product utilizes touch screens or touch-operated controls, an input method shall be provided that complies with §1194.23 (k) (1) through (4). (c) When biometric forms of user identification or control are used, an alternative form of identification or activation, which does not require the user to possess particular biological characteristics, shall also be provided. (d) Where provided, at least one of each type of expansion slots, ports and connectors shall comply with publicly available industry standards. -75- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2012 SOW Appendix K: Material Safety Data Sheets All MSDS sheets are available on our website http://westrocketry.com/sli2012/safety/safety2012r.php Propulsion and Deployment Ammonium Perchlorate Aerotech Reloadable Motors Aerotech Igniters M-Tek E-matches Pyrodex Pellets Black Powder Nomex (thermal protector) Glues Elmer’s White Glue Two Ton Epoxy Resin Two Ton Epoxy Hardener Bob Smith Cyanoacrylate Glue (superglue) Superglue Accelerator (kicker) Superglue Debonder Soldering Flux Solder Painting and Finishing Automotive Primer Automotive Spray Paint Clear Coat Construction Supplies Carbon Fiber Kevlar Fiberglass Cloth Fiberglass Resin Fiberglass Hardener Self-expanding Foam Solvents Ethyl Alcohol 70% -76-
