Respiration Day 1
Cell Respiration) - YouTube
ENERGY
• Stored in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
• Released by breaking chemical bonds
• ATP breaks down to ADP, releasing energy
Saving for a Rainy Day
Suppose you earned extra money by having a job.
At first, you might be tempted to spend all of the
money, but then you decide to open a bank
account.
1. What are the benefits of having a bank account?
2. What do you have to do if you need some of this
money?
3. What might your body do when it has more
energy than it needs?
4. What does your body do when it needs energy?
Chemical Energy & Food
• Calorie: energy needed to raise the temperature of 1
gram of water by 1 degree Celsius
• Chemical energy stored in food (glucose) is released
by breaking chemical bonds (cellular respiration)
ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate
– Stores chemical energy released from respiration
– ATP releases energy by losing one phosphate
forming ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate)
– Energy is stored by adding a phosphate to ADP to
reform ATP
ATP / ADP Cycle
ATP
ADP
ATP / ADP Chemical Reactions
Reactants
ATP ++Water
?
Products
Hydrolysis
enzymes
ADP + P ++ Energy
?
ADP + P + Energy
+ ?
Dehydration
synthesis enzymes
ATP + Water
+ ?
Respiration Day 2
Cellular Respiration
Brainpop
Cell Respiration
• Process that releases energy by
breaking down food molecules
• May or may not require oxygen
• Occurs in the mitochondria and
cytoplasm
2 types of Cellular Respiration
1) Aerobic Respiration (OXYGEN required!)
Equation:
•
This energy is released a little at a time through a
complicated set of reactions
1) Glycolysis (in cytoplasm)
2) Krebs Cycle
Glucose Song
3) Electron Transport Chain
2) Anaerobic Respiration
(a.k.a.Fermentation)
• NO oxygen required
• Produces only 2 ATP per glucose!
Why do it????
• Some types of cells lack the enzymes &
organelles needed for aerobic respiration
• When in short supply of oxygen, some
animals will do it!
Who does it ???
Animals & some bacteria
(ex. Muscle fatigue, yogurt, cheese)
Yeast & other bacteria
(baking, wine and beer making)
Use these terms to complete the
Respiration flowchart!
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
2 ATP
O2
CO2
CO2
Lactic acid
H2O
H2O
•
•
•
•
•
C6H12O6
C6H12O6
C6H12O6
Alcohol
(aka
“fermentation)
• (uses oxygen)
• ~36 ATP
Day 3
SATII Material
(Cristae) – Electron Transport Chain
(Inner Membrane)
Innermost
section of the
mitochondria
(KREBS
CYCLE!!)
“breaking
glucose”
Cytoplasm
Anaerobic:
uses no
oxygen
All do it!
Video
Matrix
(“KR”)
Cristae
(inner
membrane)
Electron
Transport
In some
System
prokaryotes,
occurs
across the
cell
membrane
Aerobic
(needs O2)
Aerobic
(needs O2)
(occurs in
plants,
animals,
algae and
some
bacteria!)
Glucose
2ATP for
activation!
Oxygen
2 Pyruvic
Acids
NADH
FADH2
Oxygen
(*final
electron
receptor!)
•2 molecules
of pyruvic acid
•NADH
•4ATP (net
gain 2ATP!!)
•CO2
•8 NADH
•2 FADH2
•The most
ATP!!!!!
(34)
•Water
Evolved first!
•Citric acid is constantly broken down and built up to produce
high energy electron carriers!! (NADH and FADH2)