Set up a Proper Heading
Topic: Old Stone Age
DO NOW: Answer this in your notebook
If snow covered the Earth millions of years ago, how did the
early people meet their basic needs for food, clothing and shelter?
Chapter 1
Learning
About Early
People
Vocabulary
culture
Values
government
custom
religion
Society
legacy
archeologist
Geography
Ice Age
glacier
Old Stone Age- Paleolithic
nomad
The Beginning of Village Life
• New Stone
Age- Neolithic
• civilization
• domesticate
• cultivate
•
•
•
•
specialize
artisan
technology
Catal Huyuk
Vocabulary
• history
• Prehistory
– Time before written history
• artifacts
• archaeology
• primary source
– the actual item
• secondary source
– copy of the primary source
Old Stone AgePaleolithic Age
• 1st stage of human life
• Began approx. 1 million years ago
when the Earth was covered with
ice-Ice Age
• Early man appeared during the last
Ice Age
• Prehistoric- NO written language
• Australopithecus – ape
Types of
Early
Man
• Homo habilis – working man
• Homo erectus – upright man
• Neanderthal –
• Homo sapien- wise man
X
Who were the Neanderthals?
7:00
X
Neanderthals and Early Modern Humans:
6:00
X
Neanderthals vs Humans
8:00
X
X
Reasons for Survival
• Large brain to reason and
learn from experience
• Hands to grasp objects and
tools
• Upright posture; hand can
move freely
• Power of speech to
communicate
Basic needs:
• Food
• Shelter
• Clothing
FOOD for Old Stone Age –
Paleolithic Age
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Large game Small game Fish
Plants
Roots
Nuts
berries
Fruits
NO FARMING!!!!!!
Shelters: Old Stone Age –
Paleolithic Age
• Nomads – no
permanent homes
• Caves – if available
• Animal-skin tents
• Animal bone shelters
• Open-air camps
• Rocky outposts
How did it get its name?
• ….because
the Old Stone Age people made
their tools from the STONE.
• …because the people learned to work
together
• ….because these people learned how to use
FIRE.
FIRE = [meant what to these people?]
Warmth, cooking, light, protection
She
started
it!!
origin =
beginning
He
started
it!
During the Old Stone Age
people lived as
NOMADS.
• A group of people
that travel from one
place to another in
search for food.
• They have NO
permanent homes.
They lived in GROUPS
• Extended
families:
related to one
another
• Small groups
up to 50
• Cooperated to
survive
• Nomads
Hunting Techniques
• Hunt as a group to
ensure success and
safety – to prevent
injury or death
• Camouflage and
ambush
• Encircle the animal
• Chase off a cliff
• Attack from trees
What does this picture depict?
What conclusions about the picture can be made
based on your knowledge of the Stone Age?
The deer [game] was
quite useful to the
Early People.
List 5 specific ways they
used the deer.
Remember, NOTHING
would go to waste.
Tools and
Weapons
• FLINT:
Used for what?
– Fire
– Tools: knives, spear points, scrapers, axes
• Other materials used
– Bones, teeth, tusks, shells,
• NO METAL TOOLS
Religious Beliefs
• The more skilled they
became as H&G, the more
SPARE time they had for
leisure.
• Cave paintings, made
jewelry, musical instruments
• Based on nature and the
animals they needed for
survival
• Buried dead carefully with
jewels, tools and weapons:
Indicates a belief in life after
death
Men Hunt, Women Gather
As soon as you set foot in the mall, the friction begins.
She wants to roam around to the Gap, Old Navy, Banana Republic
and Macy’s, but can't quite remember where any of those stores
are.
He knows exactly where he's going and wants to practically
run there, get the thing he’s looking for and get out of there as if
the food court were on fire.
Now we know why. University of Michigan psychologist
Daniel Kruger has found that how we shop has an awful lot to do
with how we once found our food. Men hunt. Women gather.
Kruger had his light bulb moment while on vacation with
his future wife and another couple in central Europe.
Kruger and his buddy got ready to hit the sights. The
women started looking around for the nearest shopping centre.
As a scientist, he wanted to know the reason. He did a
battery of tests on student volunteers.
Kruger found that our habits haven't changed. Our
environment and our goals have.
In prehistory, women gathered for food. This kept them
close to home, performing a daily, intensive and social activity. A
good memory, a keen eye and a lot of patience when choosing,
helped make a good gatherer.
Men hunted for meat. This was an non-social activity that
earned them prestige only through the biggest catches. Short
bursts of energy, were followed by long periods of sitting around
waiting for women to bring in the harvest.
With different duties came different abilities.
•Women perceive color more vividly.
•They are less likely to be color blind. This allows them to
distinguish between edible and poisonous berries, for instance.
•Foraging also encourages pickiness, which they found
rewarding when they returned with an abundance of food.
•Women see directions in straight lines, which allows them to
head right to a favorite gathering spot.
•Men have better spatial awareness, which allows them to
navigate in unfamiliar territory.
•Cave men operated with two goals in mind – kill as big a thing
as possible and make sure everyone in the village knows about it.
The proceeds of a hunt were shared throughout the group
and increased a man's prestige.
The wide-ranging conclusions drawn by Kruger help
explain why women are more mindful of sales (i.e., choosing to
return when a desired food is more ripe) and why the fashion
calendar is seasonal (i.e., keeping a sharp eye on what food is
most desirable at what time of year).
It also helps explain why a husband sent out to get a
carton of milk returns with a widescreen TV. Studies among the
Ache tribe of Paraguay show that hunters often kill something
too large knowing that a big catch means greater popularity.
Men in Kruger's study said that they only enjoyed shopping
when it was for a major purchase like a car.
Then there is talking. Gathering, by its nature, is social.
Women speak an average of # words a day. Men speak ?.
For men, a long-winded discussion might tend to
frighten off the buffalo, so hunters prefer to stalk in silence.
Since the hunt can be dangerous, men did it without their
children in the vicinity.
This leads to a simple conclusion – men and women
should never do together what we've spent thousands of
years doing apart.
NEW STONE AGE- Neolithic Age
*WRITING BEGAN
*SETTLING DOWN IN ONE AREA
The Earth grew
warmer!
The ice melted.
This enabled the early
people to what?
Settle in one place and
FARM!
New Stone Age• Began around 8000 BCE
• Lasted 5000 years
• We saw the beginning of:
civilization:
-a culture that has developed a
system of *governing the people
* a religion
* learning
The New Stone Age people learned
to domesticate [tame] the animals.
This lead to a constant food for
the people –how?
*dogs hunted smaller
animals
*the animals carrying
heavy objects
*used chickens for
eggs
*used sheep for wool
*used goats for milk
Living in Catal Huyuk
A large village in
present day Turkey
TODAY
What did we see in Catal Huyuk?
Because they had a steady food
source….they
• Specialized =
people trained to do a particular
kind of work
• Artisans = craft workers
• Technology = the use of skills
and tools to serve human needs
Specializing
Specializing
Specializing
Mind Wind
STEP 9 - Empire
STEP 8 - Government
STEP 7 - Army
STEP 6 - Trade
STEP 5 – Specialize or divide the labor [work]
STEP 4 – Surplus of food- [extra]
STEP 3 –Cultivate- [prepare]+ irrigate [water]= farm
STEP 2 – NEW STONE AGE Domesticate [tame] the animals ..
STEP 1 - OLD STONE AGE- Hunt and gather [24/7]....
NOMADS
Is this a way of communicating?
Is it graffiti or art?
• What you are about to see is from an artist
named Julian Beever. His work is
incredible.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxYD9u
DvDGs&feature=related
• Photo Story
CHAPTER SUMMARY
• SECTION 1 – Geography and History
– The study of tools, bones, and other objects
can help to explain prehistoric life.
– The development of writing marks a turning
point in the story of our past.
– The geography of a place can explain why
historic events happened there.
SECTION 2 - PREHISTORY
• During the Old Stone Age, our ancestors
survived by hunting animals and gathering
plant foods.
• Gradually, our ancestors moved and spread
out over much of the Earth.
• During the New Stone Age, some people
began to farm and to domesticate animals.
SECTION 3 – THE BEGINNING
OF CIVILIZATION
• The advantage of a steady food supply
helped early farming settlements to prosper
[grow]
• Farming settlements grew into cities
because of their geographical locations.
• The first civilization developed in cities and
spread with the help of trade.
Drawing Inferences-[conclusions, assumptions]
• In your notebook, with a proper heading,
answer the following questions in complete
sentences. I will be collecting them.
• Analyze [dissect, study] the clothes you
wear and the things you carry to school.
– What do they say about your life?
– How does your story compare to the
Iceman’s story?