Beatriz Gocher
#9
Somara Reuter
#15
Brenda Villarreal
#23
Iván Aldama
#1
Teacher Ma.Elena
Team #5
February 2010
Table of contents
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Title page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pg.
Web of ideas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .pg.
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .pg.
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pg.
Body Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .pg.
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pg.
Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pg.
Task Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pg.
Web of ideas
Magnetic
forces
attract
only
magnetic
materials.
Magnetic
force act
at
distance.
Iron,
Hematite ,
magnetite,
ionized
gases.
Animals
keep in
magnetic
field.
Like poles
repele,
unlike poles
attract.
Magnetisim
Magnets
have
succefully
been to
cure
cancer.
An object
that creat
a magnetic
field.
Tipes of
magnets
Permanent
Temporary &
Electromagnets
Every body
emits
electromag
netic
waves.
A coil of wire
with
electromagnets
current flowing
through it
become a
magnet
Many
Magnets
have North
and South
Poles
Abstract
Magnets act by attracting or repelling other magnets. There are different kinds of
magnets. One of them is the ferromagnetic magnet which is the strongest of all; it
will attract the opposite poles and repel the like ones. Others are the paramagnets;
here magnetism only acts in the presence of another magnetic field. A third form of
magnets is the diamagnetic material which means repel by both poles. The Earth
itself is a magnet and within it we can find lots of kinds of magnets and magnetic
materials.
Introduction
Magnetism is the force of attraction and repulsion. A magnet is an object that has
a magnetic field. A magnetic field is a force that attracts or repels other
ferromagnetic. Magnets can be temporary or permanent. Each magnet has two
poles, the North Pole and the South Pole, the equal poles repel and opposite poles
attract. Materials that can be magnetized are called ferromagnetic materials.
Magnetic fields are produced by electric currents.
Magnet
A magnet is an object that creates a magnetic field. The magnetic field is the force
that pulls on other ferromagnetic materials like iron and attracts or repels other
magnets. Every magnet has one north pole and one south pole. When magnets
are placed near each other, opposite poles attract and like poles repel each other.
Temporary magnet
Temporary magnet acts as magnet only as long as it is in the magnetic field
produced by a permanent magnet or an electric current. Magnetic materials from
which temporary magnets are made are called soft magnetic materials. Every
object that is moved by a magnet acts as a temporary magnet. Those objects will
eventually lose its magnetism once the permanent magnet is removed, although in
certain cases it will remain weak magnetic properties. An electromagnet is a
temporary magnet that is magnetized by the magnetic field produced by an electric
current in a wire. Electromagnets have magnetic properties only while the current
is flowing.
Permanent magnet
A permanent magnet is an object made from a material that is magnetized and
creates its own persistent magnetic field. An example is a refrigerator magnet used
to hold notes on a refrigerator door. Materials that can be magnetized, which are
also the ones that are strongly attracted to a magnet, are called ferromagnetic .
Magnetic materials
The term magnet is for objects that produce their own persistent magnetic field
even in the absence of an applied magnetic field. Only certain classes of materials
can do this. Most materials, produce a magnetic field in response to an applied
magnetic field. There are several types of magnetism, and all materials exhibit at
least one of them.
The overall magnetic behavior of a material can vary widely, depending on the
structure of the material, and particularly on its electron configuration. Several
forms of magnetic behavior have been observed in different materials, including:
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Ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic When a ferromagnetic material is placed
near a magnet, it will be attracted to the region of greater magnetic field. An
example is when the magnet picks up a bunch of paperclips. Iron, cobalt,
nickel, gadolinium, dysprosium and alloys containing these elements exhibit
ferromagnetism because of the way the electron spins within one atom
interact with those of nearby atoms. They will align themselves, creating
magnetic domains forming a temporary magnet. If a piece of iron is placed
within a strong magnetic field, the domains in line with the field will grow in
size as the domains perpendicular to the field will shrink in size.
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Paramagnetic or Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism which occurs only
in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. Paramagnetic
materials are attracted to magnetic fields.
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Diamagnetic means repelled by both poles. Compared to paramagnetic and
ferromagnetic substances, diamagnetic substances such as carbon, copper,
water, and plastic are even more weakly repelled by a magnet.
Magnetic Field
Magnetic fields are produced by electric currents associated with electrons in
atomic orbits.
Magnetic moment
The magnetic moment of a system is a measure of the magnitude and the direction
of its magnetism. For example, a loop of electric current, a bar magnet, an
electron, a molecule, and a planet all have their own magnetic moments. Magnetic
moment usually refer to its magnetic divelop dipole moment, and quantifies the
contribution of the system's internal magnetism to the external dipolar magnetic
field produced by the system.
Magnetic Poles
The magnetic force surrounding a magnet is not uniform. There exists a great
concentration of force at each end of the magnet and a very weak force at the
center. The two ends, which are the regions of concentrated lines of force, are
called the POLES of the magnet. Magnets have two magnetic poles and both poles
have equal magnetic strength.
The Earth's Magnetic Poles
The fact that a compass needle always aligns itself in a particular direction,
regardless of its location on earth, indicates that the earth is a huge natural
magnet. The distribution of the magnetic force about the earth is the same as that
which might be produced by a giant bar magnet running through the center of the
earth. The magnetic axis of the earth is located about 15° from its geographical
axis thereby locating the magnetic poles some distance from the geographical
poles. The ability of the north pole of the compass needle to point toward the north
geographical pole is due to the presence of the magnetic pole nearby. This
magnetic pole is named the magnetic North Pole since it attracts the north pole of
a compass needle. The reason for this conflict in terminology can be traced to the
early users of the compass. Knowing little about magnetic effects, they called the
end of the compass needle that pointed towards the north geographical pole, the
north pole of a compass. With our present knowledge of magnetism, we know the
north pole of a compass needle can be attracted only by an unlike magnetic pole,
that is, a pole of south magnetic polarity.
Material which is magnetic
There are a few materials which are naturally magnetic, and have the potential to
be turned into magnets. Some of these materials are
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iron
hematite
magnetite
ionized gases (such as the material stars are made of)
A magnet can be made to stick to objects which contain magnetic material such as
iron, even if they are not magnets. But a magnet cannot be made to stick to
materials which are plastic, or cotton, or any other material, such as silicate rock,
which is not magnetic.
Just because a material contains iron or some other magnetic material, however, it
may not be a magnet. It takes special conditions to turn magnetic material into
magnets. That is because a magnet is an object from which the force of magnetism
originates.
Magnetic dipole moment
A vector quantity associated with the magnetic properties of electric current loops
or, more generally, magnets. It is equal to the amount of current flowing through
the loop multiplied by the area encompassed by the loop, and its direction is
established by the right hand rule for rotations. It can be thought of as a vector
pointing from the south to the north of a magnetic dipole, and is then equal to the
length of the dipole times the strength of either of its poles. Also called magnetic
moment.
Interesting Facts about magnets
1.
2.
3.
4.
Magnets can be used for years, provided one takes care of them.
It is a quite a harmless, safe and effective mode of treatment.
Electric eels and fish were used by Romans to treat arthritis and gout.
The magnetic field of the Earth is difficult for students to appreciate because
magnetic field lines are invisible.
5. The World Health Organization published a study in 1987 that did away with
the notion that magnets in the strengths commonly used for therapeutic
uses have any detrimental effect on the human body.
6. Magnets can prevent old age! Studies have shown that a house-fly’s life
span could be doubled and a rat’s life-span increased by about 45% through
the use of magnets. The American gynecologist, Dr. Maclean found that
magnets not only prevent graying of hair, but in some cases the hair was
restored to its original color!
7. Magnets have successfully used to cure cancer.
8. Magnets also help in case of mental unrest by applying the south pole of a
weak magnet to the forehead for about 10 minutes daily.
9. Magnetotherapy is not addictive and can be terminated anytime without
side-effects.
10. It is useful during epidemics.
11. Magnets can be used to decrease the white cell blood count which
increases in most diseases.
12. Studies conducted on animals kept in a magnetic field showed that they
survived even dangerous and severe radiation burns! God forbid; should a
nuclear war break out, magnets may just help save countless lives!
13. Fluctuations in the earth’s magnetic field caused by magnetic storms (which
occur on the sun) can adversely affect the health of living things!
14. The Russian Doctor Komarov from ‘The Institute of General Genetics’ hopes
that magnets will be able to prolong a human life-span to 400 years.
Conclusion
There are many kinds of magnets and the Earth itself is a natural magnet, two,
magnets are useful in so many ways, from using them to post something in the
refrigerator, to cure a cancer or they even help birds find their way home by using
the earth magnetic field to guide them? And everybody in space emits
electromagnetic waves, including human beings. You can even demagnetize then
by heating a hot blame. We need more the magnets that what we imagine. They
are part of every day in our life and we don’t even know.
Bibliography
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http://www.coolmagnetman.com/magbasic.htm
http://members.tripod.com/k_menezes/interesting_facts_about_magnets.ht
m
http://hubpages.com/hub/Fun-Facts-About-Magnets
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet