Study Island
Copyright © 2013 Edmentum - All rights reserved.
Generation Date: 11/19/2013
Generated By: Christiana Coburn
1. Kira and Latonya are going to have a watermelon-rolling contest. Each girl has to push her
watermelon 8 meters to the finish line. Kira's watermelon has a mass of 2 kg. Latonya's
watermelon has a mass of 1 kg.
If each girl pushes her melon with the same amount of force, which girl will cross the finish line
first?
A. There is not enough information to tell who will win.
B. Kira will cross the finish line first.
C. Both girls will cross the finish line at the same time.
D. Latonya will cross the finish line first.
2. A man pushes very hard to move a heavy refrigerator up a steep ramp. It takes energy to move
the refrigerator up.
Predict what would happen if the man suddenly stopped pushing the refrigerator.
A. The refrigerator would stay where it is.
B. The refrigerator would keep going up the ramp.
C. The refrigerator would slide or fall down.
D. The refrigerator's motion would not change.
3. Henry wanted to know how fast his pet tortoise could walk.
First, he placed a nice leaf of lettuce at one end of his patio. Then, he placed his tortoise 5 meters
away from the lettuce and recorded its position and time as it moved toward the lettuce.
The chart below shows Henry's observations.
Tortoise Distance and Time Results
Tortoise's Distance from Starting Point Elapsed Time
(in meters)
(in seconds)
0 (at starting point)
0
1
12
2
24
3
36
4
48
5 (at lettuce)
60
What does Henry's data show about how fast the tortoise walked?
A. The tortoise traveled 2 meters in 60 seconds.
B. The tortoise traveled 3 meters in 60 seconds.
C. The tortoise traveled 5 meters in 60 seconds.
D. The tortoise traveled 4 meters in 60 seconds.
4. Jake went out for a run one morning. His motion is shown on the graph below.
How far did Jake travel between minutes 2 and 3?
A. 100 meters
B. 200 meters
C. 50 meters
D. 0 meters
5. Henry wanted to know how fast his pet tortoise could walk.
First, he placed a nice leaf of lettuce at one end of his patio. Then, he placed his tortoise 5 meters
away from the lettuce and recorded its position and time as it moved toward the lettuce.
The chart below shows Henry's observations.
Tortoise Distance and Time Results
Tortoise's Distance from Starting Point Elapsed Time
(in meters)
(in seconds)
0 (at starting point)
0
1
12
2
24
3
36
4
48
5 (at lettuce)
60
After 12 seconds, how far away from the starting point was the tortoise?
A. 2 meters
B. 1 meter
C. 5 meters
D. 0 meters
6. A ball is thrown in the air. The ball goes up, then changes direction and falls down. Why does
the ball fall down?
A. Gravity stops working.
B. Gravity pushes the Earth up.
C. Gravity pulls it down.
D. Gravity makes the ball lighter.
7. What keeps objects on Earth from floating into space?
A. sun
B. gravity
C. clouds
D. stars
8. A soccer ball is rolling across the grass. It begins to slow down. Then it stops. What force
caused the motion to stop?
A. pull
B. push
C. gravity
D. friction
9. Peter and Janet each have a remote controlled toy car. They want to do an investigation to
determine which toy car is faster. How can Peter and Janet best perform their investigation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
They can use a stopwatch to measure the time it takes for each car to run out of batteries.
They can use a meter stick to measure the distance between the tires of each car.
They can use a stopwatch to measure the time that it takes for each car to travel 30 meters.
They can use a meter stick to measure the distance that each car travels in 30 meters.
10. A bowling ball and a tennis ball are rolling at the same speed. The bowling ball has much
more mass than the tennis ball. It takes a certain amount of force to slow each ball down.
How does the force needed to slow the bowling ball compare to the force needed to slow the
tennis ball?
A.
B.
C.
D.
There is not enough information to tell.
It takes the same force to slow both balls by the same amount.
It takes more force to slow the tennis ball than the bowling ball.
It takes more force to slow the bowling ball than the tennis ball.
11. Brett, Clay, Frank, and Patricia each run away from Joe as fast as they can. Each of their
positions relative to Joe changes through time, as shown in the graph below.
Who has run at the greatest speed?
A. Patricia
B. Brett
C. Clay
D. Frank
12. Gravity is a force that pulls matter toward the center of the Earth.
When a ball is let go on a hill, what will it do?
A.
B.
C.
It depends on whether gravity is turned on.
It will roll downhill due to gravity.
It depends on which time of the year it is.
D.
It will roll uphill due to gravity.
13. Jerry thinks that if he pushes his car down a ramp it will go faster than if he just lets it roll
down on its own.
What should he measure to test his prediction?
A. how hard he can push the car
B. the height and the length of the ramp
C. how much the car weighs after each roll
D. the distance the car rolls in 5 seconds
14. Mary and Ben made box cars. They each designed an experiment to measure the distance
their cars traveled in a certain amount of time. Their data tables are below.
Which experiment included multiple trials?
A. Mary's experiment
B. neither experiment
C. Ben's experiment
D. both experiments
15. It is easier to ride a bicycle down a hill than to ride up a hill because _______ helps the
bicycle move down the hill.
A. gravity
B. magnetism
C. rotation
D. friction
16. Jenny wanted to measure how long it took for her remote controlled car to travel a certain
distance. First, she drew a straight line on the ground and marked off every 10 meters for 60
meters. Then she used a stopwatch to measure the total time that had passed as the car traveled
past each marker.
After Jenny finished collecting her data, she made the following table.
Toy Car Experiment
Distance Traveled
(meters)</b
Total Time
(seconds)
10
7
20
14
30
21
40
28
50
35
60
42
Which of the following is true?
It took the car the same amount of time to travel the first 10 meters as it did to travel the last
A. 10 meters.
B.
C.
It took the car less time to travel the first 10 meters than it did to travel the last 10 meters.
It took the car more time to travel the first 10 meters than it did to travel the last 10 meters.
The car was moving during the first 10 meters, but it was not moving during the last 10
D. meters.
17. Chris wants to know the average speed of his pet rabbit as it runs across his lawn. Which of
the following measurement tools will Chris need to figure this out?
I. stopwatch
II. meter stick
III. spring scale
A. II only
B. I and II only
C. I only
D. I, II, and III
18. Maria pushes a ball, and the ball rolls across the table. She wants to make the ball roll faster.
Maria needs to push the ball
A. on the other side of the table.
B. with more strength.
C. on a different table.
D. with less strength.
19. Marisol is driving her car down the highway. The table below shows Marisol's position at
different times during her 50 mile trip.
Time and Distance Traveled
Time in Minutes Distance in Miles
0
0
20
20
40
30
60
50
Which graph correctly shows Marisol's motion?
W.
X.
Y.
Z.
A. Y
B. W
C. Z
D. X
20. Fergus is watching three of his friends running. He is recording how long it takes each friend
to run one mile. Which of the following tables would be best for Fergus to use to record his
friends' running times?
W.
X.
Y.
Z.
A. X
B. Y
C. W
D. Z
21. Tom designed a way to measure speed by timing his friends as they walked a distance of 15
meters. Tom's data is shown in the table.
Name
Time
(in seconds)
Adrian
23
Nate
28
Opal
21
Daisy
31
Tony
27
Why did it take Daisy longer than it took Opal to walk the 15 meters?
A. Daisy is younger than Opal.
B. Opal is shorter than Daisy.
C. Opal walked faster than Daisy.
D. Daisy walked faster than Opal.
22.
Imagine that a person is pulling a wagon carrying a house cat that has a mass of 2 kilograms. If
the same person uses the same amount of force to pull the same wagon carrying a tiger cub that
has a mass of 20 kilograms, which wagon will move faster?
A. There is not enough information to tell.
B. The lighter wagon will move faster.
C. The wagons will move at the same speed.
D. The heavier wagon will move faster.
23. Kendra is riding her skateboard in her driveway. She starts at her door and finishes at the end
of the driveway ten meters away.
Then Kendra gets back on her skateboard and begins to move again. The position vs. time graph
below shows Kendra's motion in relation to her door.
Which of the following is true?
A. Kendra is speeding up (accelerating).
B. Kendra is slowing down (decelerating).
C. Kendra is riding toward her door at a constant speed.
D. Kendra is riding away from her door at a constant speed.
24. Carlos wants to study how fast anole lizards can run.
Which of the following pieces of equipment would Carlos most likely need in order to
investigate how fast an anole lizard is?
A. a stopwatch
B. a graduated cylinder
C. a microscope
D. a balance
25. Holly wants to design a test to find out how fast her friend Jill can walk from one end of the
playground to the other.
Which question would be best for Holly to answer with her design?
A.
B.
C.
What kind of shoes is Jill wearing?
Do dogs walk faster than people?
How fast can Daniel ride to school on his bike?
D.
How can I measure Jill's speed?
26. In science class, the teacher asks Ally to predict which object would move the most if she
pushed all the objects with the same amount of force:
●
●
●
●
a 5 g marble
a 200 g orange
an 800 g ball
a 2 kg rock
Which object should Ally choose?
A. the 800 g ball
B. the 5 g marble
C. the 2 kg rock
D. the 200 g orange
27. Will is doing an experiment. He wants to find out how objects with different masses are
affected when he pushes them with the same amount of force.
To do his experiment, he has a cart and several weights he can put in the cart. By putting more
weights in the cart, Will can make the cart more massive. By putting fewer weights, he can make
the cart less massive.
Will has a stopwatch, so he can measure how fast the cart goes. If he plans to study the
relationship between the mass of the cart and its speed when pushed with the same amount of
force, what else does Will need?
A. a way to change the force pushing on the cart
B. a way to push the cart with the same force every time
C. a way to change the mass of the cart
D. a way to change the kind of surface the cart travels on
28. The force of gravity
A. pulls objects towards the Earth.
B. can be seen with special glasses.
C. pushes objects away from the Earth.
D. pushes the Earth away from objects.
29. Jacob pushed a box of books across the garage floor, and the box moved forward.
When the box stopped moving, Jacob rested for a moment, then pushed the box again. This time,
the box moved forward, but faster and farther than the first time.
What kind of force did Jacob put on the box the second time?
A. a push with more force
B. a pull with less force
C. a push with less force
D. a pull with more force
30. Look at the following graph.
Distance Traveled Over Time
Who traveled the farthest after 60 minutes?
A. John traveled the farthest distance.
B. Sally traveled the farthest distance.
C. David traveled the farthest distance.
D. They all traveled the same distance.
Answers
1. D
2. C
3. C
4. D
5. B
6. C
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. D
11. A
12. B
13. D
14. A
15. A
16. A
17. B
18. B
19. D
20. C
21. C
22. B
23. C
24. A
25. D
26. B
27. B
28. A
29. A
30. A
Explanations
1. If two similar objects experience unbalanced forces of the same strength, the object with less
mass will move faster.
Since Latonya's watermelon has less mass, it will roll faster than Kira's, as long as the girls push
with the same force.
Therefore, Latonya will cross the finish line first.
2. As the man pushes the refrigerator up the ramp, he is transferring some of the energy he uses
to the refrigerator. When he stops pushing, gravity takes over. The energy that the man gave the
refrigerator as he moved it upwards becomes the energy of motion when the refrigerator slides
or falls down.
3. The tortoise's speed is measured by the distance it travels over time. To travel 5 meters to
reach the lettuce, it took the tortoise 60 seconds. The tortoise's overall speed was 5 meters in 60
seconds.
4. Since the graph shows that Jake remained 100 meters from his starting point during minutes 2
and 3, Jake ran 0 meters during that time.
5. Looking at the right side of the chart, find the entry for 12 seconds. Then, look for the distance
value on the same row to the left, which, in this case, is 1 meter.
6. The ball goes up because the force that the ball is thrown with is greater than the force of
gravity. As the ball moves up, its force is reduced. The force of gravity becomes greater than the
force making the ball move upwards and so it falls down again.
7. Gravity is a force that pulls objects downward toward the center of the Earth. It keeps objects
on Earth's surface from floating into space.
The force of gravity can even work from a distance. For example, it pulls the Moon and keeps
the Moon traveling in a circular path around the Earth. Because gravity can work at a distance, it
is sometimes called a noncontact force.
8. Force must be applied to change the position or motion of an object. Friction is a force that
acts against motion. It is caused by two surfaces rubbing against each other. The friction of the
ball rubbing on the grass causes the ball to stop.
9. Speed is a measure of how far something can travel in a certain amount of time. Peter and
Janet want to measure the relative speed of their toy cars. Therefore, they could use a stopwatch
to measure the time that it takes for each car to travel 30 meters. The car that travels 30
meters in the shortest amount of time is the faster car.
10. The more mass an object has, the less effect a force will have on its motion. A larger mass
needs a larger force to get the same effect. So, it takes more force to slow the bowling ball
than the tennis ball.
11. Patricia has run at the greatest speed.
From the graph, with each passing second, everyone's position relative to Joe is increasing. The
line showing Patricia's position is at the steepest angle. This means that she is covering more
ground than anyone else with each passing second and is moving away from Joe at the greatest
speed. As a result, Patricia is the person farthest from Joe.
12. Predictions can be made using scientific principles.
The force of gravity pulls matter toward the center of the Earth. Gravity acts on all objects, in all
parts of the world, and at all times.
The ball will roll downhill due to gravity. This is because it would be moving closer to the
center of the Earth.
13. The motion of an object is described by how its position changes over time.
Jerry can test whether the car moves faster when it is pushed down the ramp by measuring the
distance that the car travels over a set amount of time each time it goes down the ramp.
14. Mary completed the test for each time interval three times. So she has three data points for
each time interval. Mary also included the average distance her car traveled during each time
interval.
Ben included more time intervals, but he only tested each time once.
Only Mary's experiment included multiple trials.
15. Gravity is a force that acts on all objects and pulls them towards the Earth. When a person is
riding downhill, gravity is working in the same direction and making it easier to ride downhill.
When a person is riding uphill, gravity is working in the opposite direction and the person has to
work harder to move against the force of gravity.
16. The table shows that it took the car 7 seconds to travel between each 10 meter point. The car
did not change speed during the experiment. This means that it took the car the same amount
of time to travel the first 10 meters as it did to travel the last 10 meters.
17. Chris will need a stopwatch (I) and a meter stick (II).
Speed is the time that it takes an object to move a certain distance. It can be measured in many
different units, including meters per second, kilometers per hour, and miles per hour. So to get a
measurement of speed, Chris needs to measure both the distance his rabbit runs and how much
time it takes it to run that far. Once he has these two measurements, he can divide the distance by
the time to get his rabbit's average speed.
18. If Maria wants the ball to go faster, she needs to push the ball with more strength. In order
to make the ball go slower, Maria would push with less strength.
19. An object's motion can be shown on a line graph based on the distance it travels during a
certain time. Graph X is the only one that correctly shows Marisol's motion during her trip.
20. Table W would be best for Fergus to record his friends' running times. This table lists the
name of each friend and has a place to record how long it took each friend to run one mile.
21. It took Daisy longer to walk 15 meters because Opal walked faster than Daisy.
Speed is a measure of how far something can travel in a certain amount of time. If one person
travels 15 meters in 21 seconds and another person travels 15 meters in 31 seconds, the person
who took less time was traveling faster.
22. The less mass an object has, the more effect a force will have on its motion. Even if the
lighter wagon were pulled with the same force as the heavier wagon, the lighter wagon would
move faster. In this case, the lighter wagon not only has less mass, but also a greater force.
23. The position vs. time graph shows Kendra's motion in relation to her door. After Kendra gets
back on her skateboard, she is 10 m from her door. As time passes, the distance between Kendra
and the door decreases, so she is moving toward her door.
The slope of the line on a position vs. time graph tells about the speed of the object. A straight
line indicates a constant speed. A curved line indicates a change in speed. Since the graph of
Kendra's motion is a straight line, Kendra must be moving at a constant speed.
So, Kendra is riding toward her door at a constant speed.
24. To measure the speed of an object, you need to measure the time it takes for the object to
move from one point to another. A stopwatch is a tool that measures time.
25. With her design, Holly should try to answer the question, "How can I measure Jill's
speed?"
Since Holly wants to find out how fast Jill can walk across the playground, Holly's design should
answer a question about Jill.
Also, Holly should answer a question about measuring speed, since speed is the distance
something travels in a particular amount of time.
26. Force and mass are related. The greater the mass of an object, the more force that will have to
be applied to move the object.
Ally should choose the marble. It has the least mass, so it will be the easiest to move.
27. Will needs three things to do this experiment.
1. A way to change the mass of the cart
2. A way to measure how fast the cart goes
3. A way to push the cart with the same force every time
Will already has a way to change the mass of the cart's load and a way to measure how fast the
cart goes. Therefore, he still needs a way to push the cart with the same force every time.
Once he has all three of these, he can do an experiment to see how mass affects motion.
28. Gravity is a force that acts on all objects. The force of gravity pulls objects towards the
Earth. The more an object weights, the greater the force of gravity is.
29. The question says that Jacob pushed the box, so we know the force he used was a push and
not a pull.
If the box moved farther and faster than the time before, Jacob must have used a push with
more force than he used the first time.
30. An object's motion can be understood by measuring and drawing its position over time.
After 60 minutes, John's distance from the original starting point was 1175 meters. Sally had
only traveled 600 meters, and David only traveled 950 meters.
Therefore, John traveled the farthest distance.