NAME:________________________________
Mr. Jordan/Brady
1960’s Study Guide
Directions: Use Chapters 48-50 (pg. 625-653) in your textbook, LBJ readings, and guided
notes to answer the following questions.
Vocabulary
1. Flexible Response- A foreign policy that considers multiple options towards Cold
War threats. (Kennedy’s theory)
2. Communes- Group-owned living arrangements.
3. Establishment Clause- Prohibits laws that promote a religion (refers to 1st
Amendment)
4. Generation Gap- Differences in outlook or opinion between two generations.
5. Developing Countries- Nations that are unindustrialized.
6. Reapportionment- Redrawing voting districts in response to changes in population.
7. The New Left- Student activists w/ political agendas for promoting democracy.
8. New Frontier- Kennedy’s domestic program.
9. Medicare- Government funded program to provide medical insurance to the elderly.
10. Great Society- President Johnson’s domestic program.
11. Peace Corp- Organization made up of volunteers to assist developing nations.
1
NAME:________________________________
Mr. Jordan/Brady
1960’s Study Guide
Supreme Court Cases
Supreme Court
Case
Gideon
Vs.
Wainwright
Miranda
Vs.
Arizona
Mapp
Vs.
Ohio
Main Result
Accused people must be provided with an attorney.
Accused people must be informed of their guaranteed rights
before questioning.
Evidence obtained by the police in an illegal search CAN’T be
used against someone in court.
Short Answer
1. In terms of age and religion, what was so unique about John F. Kennedy when he was
elected president?
-At the time, Kennedy was the youngest president to be elected.
-First Catholic president elected.
2. What was President Kennedy’s two-pronged approach to help revive the slow
American economy? (pgs. 627-8)
1. Increase defense spending.
2. Enact major tax cuts.
3. What was the main goal of the US for the Bay of Pigs invasion?
To throw out Castro and stop the spread of Communism in Cuba.
4. What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?
A standoff between the United States and the USSR to block the addition of
missiles into Cuba. Caused major tensions between the two superpowers and for
13 days, people thought WWIII would start. Ended with Cuba backing down
after US says it will not invade Cuba and take its’ missiles out of Turkey.
2
NAME:________________________________
Mr. Jordan/Brady
1960’s Study Guide
5. What is the “hotline” and what was it used for?
It is a direct phone line between the White House and Moscow. It was used
for persuading Soviet leaders from sending more missiles to Cuba.
6. What was the response of the Soviet Union to stop citizens of East Berlin from
leaving? The Soviets built the Berlin Wall to stop the citizens from going over
to West Berlin.
7. What was the ultimate conclusion by the Warren Commission in the investigation
into the Kennedy assassination?
They found that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone.
8. Generally speaking, what was President Johnson’s view on how the federal
government should help the American people?
The federal government should use its’ full power to shape a society that serves
the needs of the citizens.
9. Who had more success in getting legislation passed through Congress; Kennedy or
Johnson?
Johnson
10. What was the main purpose of the “Head Start” program under Johnson?
It created programs to help low-income preschool children.
11. Conservatives believed that President Johnson’s programs created an underclass of
people that were too dependent on welfare and the federal government. True or
False?
True
3
NAME:________________________________
Mr. Jordan/Brady
1960’s Study Guide
12. What was the Immigration Act of 1965 and what was its’ impact?
-There were quotas (a maximum number allowed to come to America) on
immigrants from all over coming except for Western Europeans.
-Johnson said the new key for admission for admittance is based on skill level
and ties to family in the US.
-Since it was signed, immigration as quadrupled in the US.
13. Define “Counterculture.” Do you think they trusted “the Establishment?”
It is a group of society whose beliefs and ideas are different from mainstream
society. No.
14. For was cause did students protest in 1964 at the U. of California at Berkeley?
(pg. 650)
Freedom of Speech
15. What is popular art or “Pop Art?” Art in the 50’s & 60’s that focus on everyday
objects or people that mostly came from pop culture.
Example
16. What were the effects of the “Sexual Revolution?” (pg. 652)
-More couples lived together outside of marriage and the divorce rates went up.
17. What are some examples of how television influenced American culture in the 1960s?
-Kennedy/Nixon presidential debates
-Combat in Vietnam
-Coverage of musical acts like The Beatles and Woodstock
4
NAME:________________________________
Mr. Jordan/Brady
1960’s Study Guide
Short Essay
You will choose 2 of the 3 questions and answer them in 2-3 paragraphs or in a halfpage response.
1. Evaluating a president’s place in history is always a challenge. Although
Kennedy only served about 3 years in office, he is still regarded by many as one
of the most popular presidents in American history. In your opinion, was
Kennedy a great president? Why or why not?
PROS- Charismatic figure, New Frontier, Pushed for Space Race, Peace
Corp, Flexible Response, Speech in Berlin, Diplomacy during Cuban Missile
Crisis
CONS- Bay of Pigs, Immoral personal life, Short presidency
2. Use the following quote to explain the contrasts between President Kennedy and
his successor, President Johnson. “Kennedy inspired, Johnson delivered.”
-Kennedy proposed much of the civil rights legislation but couldn’t get it
passed because of a divided Congress.
-Johnson was able to pass major legislation with a Democratic Congress and
the Johnson “Treatment”
-His goal and promise was to “Out Kennedy, Kennedy.”
-Johnson’s “Great Society” (Medicare, Medicaid, Head Start, Civil Rights
Act of 1964, Voting Rights Act of 1965)
3. Consider the American ideal of liberty. As the Baby Boomers reached their early
adulthood, many participated in a counter culture revolution that changed
America. In your opinion, did the counterculture’s emphasis on personal freedom
improve or damage our society?
-Sexual Revolution, Hippies, Drug Use (Manson Family), Draft Dodgers,
Peace Corps, Generation Gap, Establishment, New Left (Supporters of Civil
Rights), Challenged war and government (kept them in check)
5