AP Psychology
Memory – Assignment 1
I. Define the following terms:
1. Encoding: ____________________________________________________________________________
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2.Relearning: ____________________________________________________________________________
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3.Implicit memories: ______________________________________________________________________
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4. Elaboration Rehearsal: __________________________________________________________________
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5. Effortful Processing:____________________________________________________________________
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6. Connectionism:________________________________________________________________________
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7.Hierarchies: ___________________________________________________________________________
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8. Long-term Memory: ____________________________________________________________________
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II. Answer the following questions:
1. How is the Information Processing Model of memory similar to that of a computer?
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2. Compare working memory and short-term memory.
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3. Why are explicit memories referred as declarative memories?
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4. How much information can short-term memory hold?
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5. How does Baddeley’s model of memory differ from that of Atkinson’s & Shiffrin’s Three Stage Model?
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6. Is multitasking an efficient way to work and remember what you have done? Explain your answer. .
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7. What is the purpose of a peg-word system AND explain how it works.
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III. Write the correct term for each definition:
1. __________________________________thinking and making connections to other learned ideas.
2. __________________________________ the ability to retain impressions of incoming information for a
brief amount of time after the original stimuli have ended.
3. __________________________________memory of personal experiences
4. __________________________________ the part of short-term memory that is concerned with
immediate conscious perceptual and linguistic processing
5. __________________________________retrieving information that is not in your conscious awareness
but was learned at a previous time.
6. __________________________________memory of facts and experience we consciously know and
declare.
7. __________________________________ identifying items previously learned
IV: Answer the following multiple choice questions:
1. The storage capacity of long-term memory is best described as
a. a single item.
c. about seven volumes
b. about seven items.
d. limitless
2. The first step in placing information into memory storage is
a. mnemonic memory.
c. sensory memory.
b. short-term memory.
d. rehearsal.
3. Organizing information into larger units as a way of improving the efficiency of short-term memory is
called
a. chunking.
c. verbal labeling.
b. categorization.
d. symbolization.
4. Suppose you want to remember all the state.s You decide that you are going to make up a song to help
you. When you do this, you are using what psychologists call a(n)
a. retrieval strategy
c. context cues
b. encoding strategy
d. mnemonic
5. Twenty years after graduating, a subject is able to correctly identify photographs of students she attended
high school with from a larger group of strangers. To do so she has used
a.
recall.
b.
recognition.
c.
eidetic imagery.
d.
reminiscence.
6. Transforming incoming information into a usable form is the stage of memory called
a.
retrieval.
b.
encoding.
c.
storage.
d.
organization.
7. Essay questions tend to be more difficult than multiple choice because with an essay question,
a. there are more cues to stimulate memory.
b. recall is required rather than recognition.
c. there is more proactive inhibition.
d. there is more interference possible.
8. Recoding, chunking, and rehearsal are especially important for the improvement of
a. short-term memory efficiency.
b. eidetic imagery.
c. sensory memory.
d. long-term memory traces.
9. __________ determines what information moves from sensory memory to short-term memory.
a.
Encoding failure
b.
Selective attention
c.
Repression
d.
Eidetic encoding
10. Which of the following is true of rehearsal of information?
a. Rehearsal is an aid to maintaining information in sensory memory.
b. After 45 seconds without rehearsal, information is gone from STM.
c. Rehearsal interferes with chunking and recoding of information in STM.
d. Rehearsal aids the transfer of information from STM to LTM.