DREAMS AND THEIR MEANINGS
By Dr. J. A. Hadfield
Presentation:
Jason M. Ward
ACWR101
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Skim Excerpts From...
•First paragraph
•The first sentence from…
– Physiological Theory
– Personal Reminiscence Theory
– Racial Reminiscence
– Premonitory
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A 190-word Summary 1/3
• Dr. Hadfield starts with an anecdote to
illustrate the diversity of dreams. He
provides a historical overview explaining
how some primitive cultures believed
dreams more than waking life. He also
briefly mentions the role of dreams in
religion and the Classical period citing
Joseph and Homer.
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A 190-word Summary 2/3
•Within Modern Popular Theories, he
discusses the physiological theory, which is
concerned with how the condition of the
body might affect a dream’s content
whether the dreamer is hot, disturbed by
sounds, smells or illness. Hadfield
discusses The Personal Reminiscence
Theory, the notion that dreams are based
on memories modified in ways that reflect
our emotional response to them.
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A 190-word Summary 3/3
• The Theory of Racial Reminiscence is the idea that dreams
are from our distant ancestry and might explain phobias.
Here, Hadfield cites Jung’s claim that we dream things we
have never experienced because dreams are more than
memories. In the Premonitory Theory, Hadfield asserts
that it “has always been widely accepted” (p. 11) that
dreams can predict the future and claims that there is
definite a “psychological truth” to this theory because our
subconscious can see events coming that the conscious
mind cannot accept. Hadfield also looks at Freud’s
predecessors and their discussions on the consistency and
form of dreams. He concludes by discussing when dreams
take place or what might trigger them.
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1. Do you agree with Hadfield’s assertion
that dreams can predict the future?
• I disagree that dreams can predict the future
because this then assumes that the future is
already set –has effectively already happened.
However, I think that there is some truth in the
claim that dreams can psychologically predict
the future because we live much of our life in
denial and dreams can show us the truth of our
emotions, relationships and their possible
outcomes.
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2. Do you think that dreams are
meaningful?
•I don’t think that all dreams mean something but
all readings do. When you analyse a dream you
are looking into your mind and your initial
process of analysis can reveal as much about
you as the dream. However, I do think that
certain dreams are important because they are
insights into things you know but don’t know you
know.
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3. Have you ever had a dream including something that
was really happening outside (in the real world) and
what do you think this says about dreams?
• I frequently have these kinds of dreams with
noises and when this happens I think, “How did
the dream know that noise was about to
happen?” The whole story of the dream seems
to have been moving to that point. This makes
me think that the time of dreams is different not
only in terms of duration but also causality. We
always think that A causes B but perhaps when
B happens outside, the dream swiftly goes
back to write or re-write A to fit.
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MCQ 1
According to Hadfield, who said, "we dream
of many things, which we have never
personally experienced"?
A. Jung
B. Freud
C. Adler
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MCQ 1
According to Hadfield, who said, "we dream
of many things, which we have never
personally experienced"?
A. Jung
B. Freud
C. Adler
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MCQ 2
What is the psychological truth of
premonitory theory?
A. Our subconscious can see how events
might progress better than the conscious
mind
B. Psychologists usually have psychic
powers
C. Those who understand the psychology
of their dreams are more likely to have
psychic powers
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MCQ 2
What is the psychological truth of
premonitory theory?
A. Our subconscious can see how events
might progress better than the conscious
mind
B. Psychologists usually have psychic
powers
C. Those who understand the psychology
of their dreams are more likely to have
psychic powers
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MCQ 3
What is the chapter title of the Hadfield
reading?
A. Dreaming your life away: An
introduction to dreaming
B. Introduction: Sleep, dreams and REM
C. Historical Survey: Introduction: Popular
and historical theories
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MCQ 3
What is the chapter title of the Hadfield
reading?
A. Dreaming your life away: An
introduction to dreaming
B. Introduction: Sleep, dreams and REM
C. Historical Survey: Introduction: Popular
and historical theories
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Glossary
• Include THREE NEW VOCABULARY
WORDS. You must include:
–THE SENTENCE AND PAGE NUMBER WHERE
YOU FOUND THE WORD
–A SENTENCE OF YOUR OWN, which must not
be plagiarized
–A DICTIONARY DEFINITION of the above use of
the word
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Apprehension
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Apprehension
• “…going through tunnels with terrific apprehension”
(p. 1)
• I was apprehensive about the first day of class.
• DEFINITION: suspicion or fear especially of future
evil : foreboding <an atmosphere of nervous
apprehension
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Kaleidoscopic
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Kaleidoscopic
• “Such a theory would explain also the bizarre and
kaleidoscopic nature of our dreams” (p. 6).
• Looking through the bottom of the thick glass provided
a strange view of the room –the people and objects
around me looked chopped up and distorted as though
I was looking through a kaleidoscope
• DEFINITION: something resembling a kaleidoscope: as
a : a variegated changing pattern or scene <a
kaleidoscope of colors
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Hallucination
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Hallucination
• “…the toxic process [can] … give rise to the
dream or hallucination” (p. 98).
• After the accident, the drugs the hospital gave
Mert were so strong that he had hallucinations
and thought the doctors and nurses were
angels.
• DEFINITION: perception of objects with no
reality usually arising from disorder of the
nervous system or in response to drugs
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Thank you!
• Any Questions?
19/19