By: Kelly and Minh
What makes Antarctica special?

Antarctica is surrounded by water and it’s about 1.5 times
larger than the US.

Antarctica is the world’s largest desert and it has 87% of
the World’s ice.

This continent has about 98% of the land is covered with ice
sheet; the remaining 2 percent of land is barren rock.

On average, most of Antarctica gets less than 2 inches of
snow fall each year.
Landscape and the animals in Antarctica
Why don’t you visit here!!!
Some of the little rules when tourist plan to
go to Antarctica
1.
2.
3.
4.
All tourism activities have to be self-sufficient.
Ships that carry more than 500 passengers are not
authorized to make landings in Antarctica.
The environmental organization make illegal for any tourism
activities that hurt the environment in Antarctica.
The tour company should restrict the number of passengers
on shore at any one time.
(“Foreign & Commonwealth office.” )
What is the weather in Antarctica?
 Antarctica
is the coldest place on the Earth.
 Antarctica has the lowest temperature ever
recorded on the Earth: −89.2 C.
 The South Pole is the coldest, windiest, and driest
place on the Earth.
 There is no rain in Antarctica and everyday the
weather is sunny.
Clothes We Wear In Antarctica
Thick socks
Hat
Gloves
Long underwear pants
Long sleeve shirt
Goggles
Hoodie
Big Red parka
Insulated boots
Sweater
VIDEO
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkNWIKaPX70
Hotel in Antarctica
What types of animals in Antarctica?
Whales
: Orca (Killer) Whale
Seals
: Crab eater Seal
Penguins
: Adelie
(http://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/antarctica_animal.htm)
Birds
: Wandering Albatross
Seals
: Elephant seal
krill
Activities in Antarctica
Shore landings and cruising
in zodiacs.
Camping in Antarctica.
Glacier walking.
Cross country-skiing.
Iceberg and rock climbing.
Kayaking.
Photography.
(“Antarctica adventure activities when cruising the Antarctic” )
The impact of tourism in Antarctica
•In the past, tourists have killed penguins, seals and other
animals and have taken historic items or geological
souvenirs.
•Rubbish and wastes from ships have also been a problem.
•Major consequences for the environment by oil spill.
•Some tourist ventures have gotten into trouble and have
been assisted by staff from scientific bases. This can be
a disruption to research activity.
Please ! Don’t do it.
Thank you
(“Gateway Antarctica”)
Statistics about humans in Antarctica
•There are 5,000 scientists from 27different
countries.
•There are 29,576 tourists - 2006/2007.
•There are surface area 14 million square miles
(36 million square kilometers).
• The number of tourist have increased by about
36,875 in 2009-2010.
Which island were the most tourists
visit?
1. South Shetland
Islands
3.
Deception Island
2. South Georgia
4. Lemaire Channel
Does Antarctica have plants?
Moss
Mosses are small,
soft plants that are typically
1–10 cm (0.4–4 in) tall, though
some species are much larger.
Lichen
Grass
A lichen looks like a single
Grasses are monocotyledonous,
organism, but it is actually a
usually herbaceous plants with
symbiotic relationship between
narrow leaves growing from the base.
different organisms.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
Colobanthus
quitensis
Deschampsia
Antarctica
Only two flowering plants
found in Antarctica
(http://library.thinkquest.org/26442/html/life/plant.html)
History about Antarctica

It has been only 100 years since humans first
occupied the continent of Antarctica (1899), and a
mere 180 years since seafarers first saw the islands
of the Antarctic Peninsula (1819). Yet even before
they laid eyes on it, most early explorers were
convinced a large, southern continent existed. They
called it Terra Australia Incognita--the Unknown
Southern Land.
(Antarctica History)
Science in Antarctica
•Aeronomy : Study about Global Warming and
Ozone destruction.
•Astrophysics: Study about the early Universe, Star.
•Biology: Study about ecosystem in Antarctica .
•Meteorology: Antarctica has become a base for
collecting meteorological data.
Scientist ‘s station in Antarctica
(“Science in Antarctica.”)
Why Do Science in Antarctica?
• Antarctica has the cleanest air in the world.
•Antarctica is the darkest place on earth, an ideal
setting for astronomical research.
•Antarctica has no borders, allowing research
findings to be freely available to everyone.
http://www.antarcticconnection.com/antarctic/stations/index.shtml
Global warming affect Antarctica
• The global warming effect
on Antarctica is five times as
strong as anywhere else.
•A large number of Antarctic
penguins have suffered due
to these changes.
• In the last 30 years, no
fewer than seven giant ice
shelves have reduced in area
by 14,500 square kilometers.
(Global Warming Effect on Antarctica. )
Price on a trip to Antarctica
•Basic wildlife viewing & landings - (9-12 days) $3,500 - $10,000
•Mountains, Icebergs & Glaciers - (11-16 days) $9,000 - $16,000
•Falklands & So. Georgia - (15-21 days) $10,000 - $23,000
•The Great Explorers Trip - (25-29 days) $12,000 - $35,000
(“Money & Costs.” )
Kelly and Minh
Set 7
ESL 1
May 13, 2011
Works Cited
“Antarctica adventure activities when cruising the Antarctic.” Optional Adventure Activities
while cruising Antarctica. 2001 Web. May 2011 11th.
Antarctica History. 1996-2006. Web. May 2011 9th.
Antarctica Research Stations. N.d. Web. May 2011 13th.
“Foreign & Commonwealth office.” Tourism in Antarctica. 2011. Web. May 2011 10th .
“Gateway Antarctica” Tourism in Antarctica. N.d. Web. May 2011 11th.
Global Warming Effect on Antarctica. Sep 07 2011. Web. May 2011 10th.
“Money & Costs.” N.d. Web. May 2011 11th.
“Science in Antarctica.” N.d. Web. May 2011 10th.
The End
 Thank you for listening