Fish vs. Shark Notes:
Vocabulary:
 Notochord
 Nerve Cord
 Pharynx
 Gill Slits
 Ichthyology
 Myomeres
 Swim Bladder
 Pyloric Caecae
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Barbels
Lateral Line
Ampullae of
Lorenzini
Fin Rays
Operculum
Olfactory Bulbs
Territories
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Schools
Migration
Anadromous
Catadromous
Countershading
Denticles
Demersal
Concepts:
1. What are the defining characteristics of Phylum Chordata?
2. What evolutionary advances led to the creation of Subphylum Vertebrata?
3. Describe how body shape of a fish is related to its lifestyle?
4. Be able to identify pectoral, pelvic, dorsal, anal, and caudal fins given a diagram
of a bony fish or shark.
5. How do lobe-finned fish and lungfish differ from their bony fish counterparts?
6. Describe how the size of the stomach and intestine are determined by a fish’s
diet.
7. Describe how gill irrigation differs in bony fish versus cartilaginous fish.
8. Compare the differences between a scale from a bony fish versus one from a
cartilaginous fish.
9. Explain the methods by which sharks conserve energy.
10. Describe and identify the differences between a stingray and skate.
11. Describe and identify the differences between a sawfish and a sawshark.
12. Compare and contrast differences in body structures between sharks and bony
fish in terms of:
a. Mouth location
b. Gill location
c. Gill structure
d. Fins
e. Teeth
f. Nervous system structures
Taxonomy:
Be able to identify defining characteristics of and members of the following groups:
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Urochordata
Subphylum Cephalochordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class Agnatha
Class Chondrichthyes
Subclass Holocephali
Subclass Elasmobranchii
Order Batoidea
Order Selachimorpha
Class Osteichthyes
Subclass Dipnoi
Subclass Crossopterygii