STUDY GUIDE –Importance of carbon, monomers & polymers, structure of
amino acids, proteins are essential to the structure and activity of life, protein
structure, enzymes, carbohydrates, & lipids
1. What should I use to study?
a. Importance of carbon notes
b. Monomer & polymer notes
c. Structure of amino acids notes
d. Proteins are essential to the structure and activity of life notes
e. Protein Structure notes
f. Enzyme Animation notes
g. Enzyme notes
h. Carbohydrate notes
i. Lipid notes
j. You can also review the videos on these nine topics
k. Review The formation of carbon-carbon bonds was an important event in
chemical evolution activity
l. Review Monomer & polymer activity
m. Review SIMPLE MOLECULES AND ENERGY LEAD TO MIDSIZED
BUILDING BLOCKS THAT LINKED TO FORM PROTEINS AND OTHER
BIOMOLECULES activity
n. Enzyme activity
o. Enzyme lab
p. Review carbohydrates are organic molecules that serve as a source of
energy, structural component of cell, building blocks for other molecules,
and energy storage activity
q. Review lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic molecules that serve as long
term energy storage, insulation, and cushioning activity
r. Review “Do now’s”
2. What should I study?
a. Importance of Carbon
-What are organic molecules?
-What are biomolecules?
-Why is carbon the best element to serve as the backbone for
biomolecules?
-Why do cells need to synthesize biomolecules?
-Understand the different type of molecular structures you can create
with carbon-ring, branched, chains, double bonded, triple bonded?
-Where do organisms obtain their carbon to build biomolecules and what
process builds organic or biomolecules?
-What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis?
b. Monomers & Polymers
-What are the four main classes of biomolecules?
-Define macromolecule
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-What is a monomer?
-What is a polymer?
-Explain unity within diversity
-What makes each species and individual unique?
-How is the universal nature of atoms and monomers evidence for
evolution?
-What is dehydration synthesis (condensation reaction) and hydrolysis?
-Is water added or removed in dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?
-How many monomers are there if given amount of water removed or
added?
-How many waters removed or added if given number of monomers
-What bond forms between monomers?
-In order for both dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis to proceed fast
enough to be of value, what is needed?
-Know how to link two molecules together by dehydration synthesis
c. Structure of amino acids
-What is the monomer of a protein?
-How many amino acids are there?
-Know structure of amino acid-Alpha carbon, carboxyl group, amino
group, R group, and hydrogen atom
-What makes each of the 20 amino acids different?
-Amino acids link together to form what?
-What is a peptide bond?
-What are a dipeptide, tripeptide, and polypeptide?
d. Proteins Are Essential to the Structure & Activities of Life
-What provides appearance and carries out cell activities for an organism?
-What provides each protein with a specific function?
e. Protein Structure
-What happens if you alter shape of protein?
-What is denaturation, what causes it, and what level of structure is not
affected?
- What are the four levels of organization of a protein?
-What is primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure of a protein?
-What bonds hold the different levels of protein structure together?
f. Enzymes
-What are enzymes?
-What is activation energy?
-How do enzymes act to speed up chemical reactions?
-How are enzymes affected by cold temperature, hot temperature, and pH
changes?
-What is active site?
-What is the substrate?
-Can enzymes be reused?
-Are enzymes changed in chemical reactions?
-Are enzymes specific?
-How are enzymes named?
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e. Carbohydrates
-What are the three main classes of carbohydrates?
-Know the types of monosaccharide’s, disaccharides, & polysaccharides
-What are the monomers of polysaccharides?
-What are the functions of carbohydrates and which class of carbohydrate is
responsible for that function?
-How can you distinguish or identify a carbohydrate from a protein or a lipid?
-Where is glycogen stored?
-What makes up the different disaccharides and polysaccharides?
f. Lipids
-What is the structure of a fatty acid?
-Be able to distinguish the difference between a saturated and unsaturated fatty
acid structurally
-What are the different characteristics of a saturated and unsaturated fatty acid?
-What is the structure of triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids?
-What are the functions of lipids?
-What is the function of cholesterol?
-What is main characteristic of lipids?
-How much energy do lipids store compared to carbohydrates?
-What are four classes of lipids?
3. Test format
a. 69 questions-Total worth 100 points.
b. 66 multiple choice-1.5 points each
c. 1 labeling-1.5 points
d. 1 place in correct order-1.5 points
e. 1 calculate the answer-1.5 points
4. Kinds of questions
a. Recall-if given a definition can you provide the word or vise-versa?
b. Identify-If given an example could you identify term
c. Synthesis-Bring information together to come up with answer
5.Question breakdown
a. Importance of carbon-7 questions
b. Monomers & polymers-8 questions
c. Amino acids-6 questions
d. Proteins are essential to the structure and activity of life notes
-2 questions
e. Protein structure-12 questions
f. Enzymes-11 questions
g. Carbohydrates-15 questions
h. Lipids-8 questions
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