Role of IACS in Arctic
shipping
Past, present and future role of IACS and individual
classification societies in Arctic shipping
Morten Mejlænder-Larsen, DNV Maritime
Symposium on Coastal State Regulation of Marine Shipping, Tromsø 31 October 2008
Content

DNV focus on Arctic

The Class Concept

IMO Guideline for ships operating in
Arctic ice-covered waters

IACS
- IACS organisation
- Relation between Class Societies and
IACS
- Implementation of IACS Unified
Polar Rules
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16 March 2016
Slide 2
DNV-Arctic Focus

25% of known oil and gas resources
located in the cold areas

Russia has become the largest
exporter of oil and a major exporter of
gas

Increased export of oil and minerals
from ice infested waters

Ship operations in Cold Climate will
require:
© Photo Arnstein Moen
- specially designed ships and
equipment
- crew with experience

Implementation of Polar Class rules,
referred to in the IMO Guideline
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Slide 3
R=PxC
North Sea/World wide
Arctic
R
R
Ex. Maritime Risk:
 Grounding
 Collision with other vessel
 Collision with installation
 Contact
 Fire/explosion
 Collision during Ship To Ship (STS)
approach
 Structural failure
 Accidental oil spill during loading/unloading
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Additional risk
16 March 2016
Slide 4
The ice is melting.....
-but less ice, higher risk
Year- round
Navigation
Suez
Canal
Distance (Nautical Miles) Hamburg to
Yokohama:
Northern Sea Route ~ 6,920
Suez Canal ~ 11,073
Panama Canal ~ 12,420
Cape of Good Hope ~ 14,542
Strait of Malacca
INSROP (1999)
Slide 5
Ice Rule Development in DNV

1871, §19 First Rules including
requirements for ice-reinforcement:
- Frames: Additional frames in the bow
region.
- Plate thickness: Increased thickness in
bow

1960, Several ice classes introduced, in
conformity with Finnish-Swedish ice
regulations

1988, Rules for ”Vessels for Arctic and
Icebreaking Service” implemented into
the DNV Rules for Classification of
Ships

2008, Polar Classes implemented into
the DNV Rules for Classification of
Ships, based on IACS Unified
Requirements for Polar Ships
•”Fram” was built to survive arctic drift by Fridtjof Nansen,
who used the ship on his expedition 1893 to 1896.
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16 March 2016
Slide 6
Scope of classification
Based on published rules,
the classification process
consists of:

Approval of design

Attendance at the construction to
verify that the vessel is constructed in
accordance with the classification
rules

Upon satisfactory completion of the
above, a certificate of classification
will be issued
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16 March 2016
Slide 7
Scope of classification

Once in service, periodical class
surveys are carried out

Class rules do not cover every
piece of structure or item of
equipment on board a vessel, nor
do they cover operational
elements.
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16 March 2016
Slide 8
DNV classification services in Cold Climate
Mandatory
Class/Statutory
(basic)
Normally
required
Ice Class
Baltic/Arctic
WINTERIZED ARCTIC (material °C, extreme °C)
Built to ARCTIC or ICEBREAKER class
Requirements to CP propeller, or diesel/electric
Two engine rooms for Power, AUX, and heating
Helicopter landing facilities
Life saving and navigation equip certified for low
Human
factors
Comfort
class
- Noise
- Vibrations
- Indoor climate
temperatures
WINTERIZED COLD (material °C, extreme °C)
Hull strength/fatigue
Corrosion
Coating
Machinery
SOLAS/MARPOL/LL
Ice strengthening
- Rudder/ stock
- Hull
- Propeller/ shaft
ME output
Sea chest arr.
Ballast water anti
freezing
Built to BALTIC or ARCTIC ice class
Requirements to location of safety equipment
Requirements to steel grades, DAT(-xx) notation
WINTERIZED BASIC
Arrangements
for anti-icing and de-icing
Heating of spaces with important equipment
Arrangements and location of generator
capacity
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16 March 2016
Slide 9
Winterisation
Hydro

Winterisation for health
- Physical effects such as fatigue,
frostbite, hypothermia

Winterisation for safety
- Safety-critical equipment and
systems

Winterisation for operability
- Systems to maintain the
functionality of desired operations
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16 March 2016
Slide 10
IMO Guidelines for Ships Operating in Arctic
Ice-Covered Waters

Prompted by the disaster of Exxon Valdez
(1989), IMO started working on a unified code
for navigation in polar waters

Goal: Harmonize regulations for Arctic
Shipping in polar waters

In 2002 the Marine Safety Committee (MSC)
and the Marine Environment Committee
(MEPC) approved Guidelines for ships
operating in Arctic ice-covered waters
(MSC/Circ.1056 –MEPC/Circ.399).

Still voluntary, however the guideline represent
an important step towards improved regulatory
framework for shipping in ice-infested waters
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16 March 2016
Slide 11
The IMO Arctic Guidelines

PART A: Construction provisions
- Structures (reference to IACS Unified Requirements for Polar ships)
- Substructures and stability
- Accommodation and escape measures
- Directional control systems
- Anchoring and towing arrangements
- Main machinery
- Auxiliary machinery systems
- Electrical installations

PART B: Equipment
- Fire fighting
- Life saving appliances
- Navigational equipments

PART C: Operational
- Operational guidelines
- Crewing
- Emergency equipment

PART D Environmental protection and damage control
- Environmental protection and damage control
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16 March 2016
Slide 12
IACS Unified Requirements UR I1-I3

UR I1
-
Specify application of structural and machinery requirements
-
Provide descriptions of polar classes to convey differences with respect to operational capability and strength
-
No requirements included in UR I1
-
Applicable to any ship opeating in ice-infested polar waters, including Icebreakers

UR I2
-
Structural requirements to enable polar class ships to withstand global and local ice
loads, as well as temperature, characteristic of their polar class
-
Plating, framing, plated structures and hull girder
-
Material requirements, corrosion/abrasion allowances
-
Hull appendages, stem and stern frames

UR I3
-
Propeller ice interaction loads
-
Structural requirements for propeller, machinery components and system

Implemented into DNV Rules from March 2008
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16 March 2016
Slide 13
IACS
International Association of Classification Societies

Dedicated to safe ships and clean seas, IACS members make a
unique contribution to maritime safety and regulation through
technical support, compliance verification and research and
development.

More than 90% of the world's cargo carrying tonnage is covered by
the classification design, construction and through-life compliance
rules and standards set by the ten Member Societies and one
Associate of IACS.
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Slide 14
IACS Member Societies
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Slide 15
IACS organisation chart
IACS Council
EG/LAW
EG/GBS
Permanent Secretariat
Quality Secretariat
Quality Committee
General Policy Group
EG/FSA
EG/NCSR
Hull Panel
EG/Data
EG/Coating
Machinery Panel
Statutory Panel
EG/ILO
On hold, until
further notice
Survey Panel
EG/ISM ISPS
Project team
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Project team
Project team
16 March 2016
Project team
Slide 16
IACS bodies explained


Council
- The Council is the political governing body
of the Association and consists of one
representative of each Member Society.



Panels
- A Permanent working group established by
Council or GPG related to specific areas of
the technical work of classification societies.

Project Team
- A temporary working group established
under a Panel to deal with specific tasks.

Quality Committee
- Is the governing body of the Quality System
Certification Scheme.
- The Quality Committee shall consist of one
representative from each Member.
Quality Secretariat
- Responsible for the assessment of each
member with respect to compliance with
QSCS.
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Expert Groups [EG]
- A working group, established by Council or
GPG to advise on a specialised area of
work of classification societies.
Permanent Secretariat
- Provides administrative support to the
members and management support to the
Chair


Permanent Secretary
- Is the chief administrative officer of the
Association and shall be responsible for the
efficient day to day running of the
Permanent Secretariat

- A working group, established by Council to
deal with a specific task.
General Policy Group [GPG]
- The GPG is the technical governing body of
the Association and consists of one
representative of each Member Society
Small Groups [SG]
16 March 2016
Slide 17
Areas of competence of IACS Panels
Hull Panel










Strength
Materials/Welding
Wave data/Sea loads
DSA
Drilling units
Polar ships
Hull damage
Containers
Mooring/Anchoring
RoRo Safety
Note 1:
Note 2:
Note 3:
Machinery Panel
Statutory Panel
Survey Panel
Machinery
Electric systems
Computers
Polar Ship Machinery
 Subdivision, stability
and load lines
 Fire protection and
safety
 Bulk liquid, gases
and marine pollution
 Exhaust emission
control
 ISM Code
 ISPS
 Life saving
appliances
 Bridge equipment etc.
 ILO
Survey, reporting
and certification
Certification of
materials and
equipment
New construction
survey requirements
 PR 1A (ToC)
 PR 2 (EWS)
Each Panel is composed of one member from each Society
Panel Chairmen participate in some GPG meetings
Panel Chairmen and their secretariats are financed by IACS members
© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved
16 March 2016
Slide 18
GUIDELINES FOR SHIPS OPERATING
IN ARCTIC ICE-COVERED WATERS
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16 March 2016
Slide 19
Ice Class Notations
Baltic
Polar Class
PC1
Year-round operation in all Polar waters
PC2
Year-round operation in moderate multi-year ice
conditions
PC3
Year-round operation in second-year ice which
may include multi-year inclusions
PC4
Year-round operation in thick first-year ice which
may include old ice inclusions
PC5
Year-round operation in medium first-year ice
which may include old ice inclusions
1.0 m first year
ice
ICE-1A*
PC6
Summer/autumn operation in medium first-year
ice which may include old ice inclusions
0.8 m first year
ice
ICE-1A
PC7
Summer/autumn operation in thin first-year ice
which may include old ice inclusions
0.6 m first year
ice
ICE-1B
0.4 m first year
ice
ICE-1C
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-PC1 to PC6 may be assigned additional notation ICEBREAKER
16 March 2016
Slide 20
Ice Class Notations
KV Svalbard
Baltic
Polar Class
PC1
Year-round operation in all Polar waters
PC2
Year-round operation in moderate multi-year ice
conditions
PC3
Year-round operation in second-year ice which
may include multi-year inclusions
PC4
Year-round operation in thick first-year ice which
may include old ice inclusions
Photo: FMA
PC5
Year-round operation in medium first-year ice
which may include old ice inclusions
1.0 m first year
ice
ICE-1A*
PC6
Summer/autumn operation in medium first-year
ice which may include old ice inclusions
0.8 m first year
ice
ICE-1A
PC7
Summer/autumn operation in thin first-year ice
which may include old ice inclusions
0.6 m first year
ice
ICE-1B
0.4 m first year
ice
ICE-1C
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Photo: Silja Line
MS NordNorge
-PC1 to PC6 may be assigned additional notation ICEBREAKER
16 March 2016
Slide 21
Ice Class Notations
Baltic
Polar Class
PC1
Year-round operation in all Polar waters
PC2
Year-round operation in moderate multi-year ice
conditions
PC3
Year-round operation in second-year ice which
may include multi-year inclusions
PC4
Year-round operation in thick first-year ice which
may include old ice inclusions
PC5
Year-round operation in medium first-year ice
which may include old ice inclusions
1.0 m first year
ice
ICE-1A*
PC6
Summer/autumn operation in medium first-year
ice which may include old ice inclusions
0.8 m first year
ice
ICE-1A
PC7
Summer/autumn operation in thin first-year ice
which may include old ice inclusions
0.6 m first year
ice
ICE-1B
0.4 m first year
ice
ICE-1C
© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved
-PC1 to PC6 may be assigned additional notation ICEBREAKER
16 March 2016
Slide 22
Ship-shaped offshore units
 Mobile Offshore Units
Floating
Offshore
 Drill and production ships
 Floating production
 FPSO, FSO
Offshore
Stena
Prirazlomnoye
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Ship
16 March 2016
StatoilHydro
Slide 23
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Slide 24